Udindo Hrs wa Moscow: ndondomeko, malo pa mapu. Makhalidwe Hrs udindo wa Moscow

Likulu la Russia ndi Moscow - umodzi mwa mizinda yaikulu ya dziko ano. Kuli anthu oposa 12 miliyoni. Ali Moscow? Mu gawo la dziko ndi ili? ndi malo Hrs wa Moscow ndi dera Moscow chiyani?

Moscow - likulu la Russia

Malinga ndi olemba mbiri, nthawi yoyamba Moscow n'kukhala likulu la boma Russian mwamsanga 1340. Lero mu mzinda wa anthu miliyoni 12,4. Pakuti chizindikiro ichi, Moscow ndi umodzi mwa mizinda pamwamba khumi mu dziko ndi anthu. Apa ndi laibulale yaikulu kwambiri ku Europe ndi imodzi mwa chidwi kwambiri anafika - Moscow Kremlin.

Anthu akhala osankhidwa malo awa miyoyo yawo. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi amapeza ambiri ofukula zinthu zakale. Kenako yabwino Hrs udindo wa Moscow anakopeka mzinda wa amalonda ndi amisiri. Recent makamaka zikugwira kuvala zikopa, kupanga mankhwala a mitengo ndi chitsulo.

Akuyesera kuti afotokoze za chiyambi cha dzina la malo "Moscow" ofufuza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri. Wothandizira woyamba ndi chinenero Chisilavo Chakale, amene mawu awa angamasuliridwe monga "dampness." Yotsirizira kunena kuti mizu ya dzina la malo - Chifinishi. Pankhaniyi, dzina zamakono "Moscow" akhoza wapangidwa mawu awiri Chifinishi: "udzudzu" (Nyamuliranani) ndi "wa" (madzi).

Ali Moscow? Samalani kwambiri ku madera a likulu.

malo Geographical

Moscow - yofunika ndalama za sayansi ndi chikhalidwe likulu la Russia. mzinda linakhazikitsidwa mu zaka za m'ma XII ndi lero ndi anthu ambiri mu Europe. ndi malo Hrs wa Moscow chiyani? Ndipo bwanji mbiri ya chitukuko cha mudzi?

Moscow ili mu mtima wa East European Plain, pakati pa Volga ndi Oka. mumzindawo waima pa Moscow Mtsinje, amene adandipatsa izo dzina lake. Moscow Relief ndithu sakanikira: otsika mapiri Njira pano ndi zigwa otsika kunama. Kutalika pafupifupi m'dera m'tawuni mamita 144.

The utali wonse wa Moscow kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kum'mwera - 51,7 Km, ndi kumadzulo kum'mawa - 29,7 Km. Mu kwambiri kum'mwera cha kumadzulo kwa malo m'tawuni kupitirira malire a dera Kaluga.

More ndendende malo a Moscow ku Russia mapu pansipa.

Geographic ndondomeko ndi malo likulu

Zochita za malo Hrs wa Moscow sizikanakhala kwathunthu popanda ndondomeko yake. Choncho, mzinda lili kumpoto ndi kum'mawa hemispheres a Dziko Lapansi. ndondomeko ake enieni: 55 ° 45 'North. yakumadzulo., 37 ° 36 'kum'mawa. d. Mwa njira, pa ufulu yomweyo ngati mizinda odziwika bwino monga Copenhagen, Edinburgh, Kazan. Mtunda osachepera ku Moscow mpaka kumalire Russian boma ndi 390 Km.

Koma mtunda pakati Moscow ndi ena mitu European ndi Russian m'mizinda ikuluikulu:

• Minsk - 675 Km;
• Kiev - 750 Km;
• Riga - 850 Km;
• Berlin - 1620 Km;
• Rome - 2380 Km;
• London - 2520 Km;
• Ekaterinburg - 1420 Km;
• Rostov pa-Don - 960 Km;
• Khabarovsk - 6150 Km;
• St. Petersburg - 640 Km.

Moscow - mzinda wamphamvu kwambiri. Choncho, malire ake zikusintha motsogozedwa kukula. Pakali pano, likulu chimakwirira kudera la mamita lalikulu 2561. Km. Izi ziri mofanana ndi dera Luxembourg.

Moscow - ndi zoyendera likulu zofunika

yabwino kwambiri Hrs udindo wa Moscow chinathandiza kusintha mwapang'onopang'ono mumzindamo yofunika zoyendera likulu. Back mu 1155 ku malo awa anapitirira Andrew Bogolyubskii phazi, onyamula chizindikiro mozizwitsa Lady Wathu Vladimir. Today Moscow cheza kunja makonde zofunika zoyendera ku mbali zosiyanasiyana.

The mkati zoyendera dongosolo la mzinda bwino anakamba. Mu Moscow mozama ndege asanu ndi sitima naini. m'madera onse a likulu lokhala atagonjetsa ndi tinjira basi, trolleybus ndi sitima zodutsa. The Moscow Metro ndi chimodzi mwa waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse. The utali wonse wa mizere yake (kutuluka 12) - makilomita 278. Mwa njira, malinga ndi ganizo loperekedwa umodzi, likulu pali chinsinsi yapansi mzere kulumikiza boma la Russia ndi bunkers asilikali chifukwa pogona.

Nkhani zimene zimapezeka chikhalidwe cha Moscow

Likulu la Russia lili pamphambano ya nyumba zitatu orographic. Iwo Smolensk-Moscow zomwe zili kumadzulo, Meshchera otsika kum'mawa ndi Moskva-Oka kumveka kum'mwera. Ndi mfundo imeneyi limene likufotokoza heterogeneity mpumulo wake. M'madera ena kwambiri indented Moscow zigwembe phompho ndi matabwa, pamene ena mosabisa ndi m'madambo m'zigwa.

mzinda lili kotentha chokhala ndi nyengo ndi kutentha ambiri January digiri -10, July - +18 madigiri. Chamvula mu Moscow, monga ulamuliro, si upambana 600-650 mamilimita pa chaka.

Mkati mwa mudzi ndi madzi ake ambiri mitsinje, zinkapezeka m'madzi ndi mitsinje yaing'ono. Waukulu pakati pawo - ichi ndi Moscow Mtsinje, Setun, Khodynka, Neglinnaya ndi Yauza. Komabe, lero ambiri Moscow mitsinje "zobisika" mu malo mobisa.

Kukamba za imodzi chidutswa kapena kuphimba nthaka mzinda waukulu ngati Moscow Sikuti. Pa-free zogona kapena mafakitale kumanga malo a mzinda Ambiri dothi sod-podzolic.

Pafupifupi mbali zonse Moscow wazunguliridwa ndi nkhalango - paini, thundu, Oil ndi linden. Mu mzinda womwewo analenga zambiri m'mapaki, minda ndi malo wobiriwira. Yaikulu zachilengedwe paki mkati likulu - "mbawala Island".

Economic ndi malo udindo wa Moscow ndi kuwunika kwake

mzinda n'kopindulitsa kwambiri EGP. Choyamba, ndi zoyendera amazionera. Misewu zofunika ndi njanji polumikiza Moscow osati kwa m'mizinda ikuluikulu mu Russia, komanso ndi maiko ena a pafupi kunja. Komanso, pafupiko ndi mzinda ndi wamphamvu mafuta ndi zitsulo m'munsi mwa dziko.

The chachiwiri yabwino chinthu Moscow EGP - ndi udindo likulu. Zinali iye amene anatsimikiza Kusinthaku m'menemo matupi kiyi boma, akazembe yachilendo, mayunivesite ndi mabungwe akuluakulu a zachuma.

Ambiri, yabwino Hrs malo a ku Central Moscow kwa zaka zambiri ndi chinthu chachikulu chitukuko zachuma. Lero, mwa likulu ndi malo ake ozungulira kukhazikitsa ntchito anayi ufulu mabacteria zachuma.

Udindo Hrs wa dera Moscow

Ngati mumalankhula mophiphiritsa, likulu ngati pali posamalira mikono ya dera Moscow ndi Moscow, monga iwo ngati kuitana dera lino mwamwayi. Ndi malo, ndi membala 55th la Chitaganya cha Russia.

Moscow dera oyenerera mwa chigwa European East ndi mwachindunji pafupi Kaluga, Smolensk, Tverskoj, Yaroslavl, Vladimir, Tula ndi Ryazan dera. Mpumulo wa dera zimagwiritsa mosabisa. Only mu dera kumadzulo pang'ono vskholmlena.

chuma mchere sali olemera. Mkati mwake muli madipoziti ka mankwala thanthwe, sandstone, miyala, lignite ndi peat. Moscow ili mu zone ya zolimbitsa chokhala nyengo yotenthayi chinyezi ndi nyengo achisanu zokwanira. Dera zachitika hydrological maukonde. Mitsinje yaikulu ya Region Moscow - Moscow, Oka, Klyazma, Sturgeon.

Chidwi mfundo: m'dera pafupifupi equidistant ku Nyanja yapafupi (Black, Baltic, White ndi Azov). M'dziko yake anawoloka podzera njira zofunika zoyendera polumikiza Russia ndi mayiko a kum'mawa kwa Ulaya.

Modern Moscow dera - imeneyi ndi yofunika mafakitale dera. Malinga ndi buku okwana mafakitale, iye pachikhalidwe chinayi mu Russia.

Pomaliza

Choncho, zimene zimaonetsa wolemekezeka Hrs udindo wa Moscow? Pamene mapeto tikungotchula kwambiri wodziwika bwino wa iwo:

• Moscow ili mu gawo European wa dziko pa kufanana 55th cha kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi;
• likulu Russian ili mu mtima wa East European Plain, mu zone ya zolimbitsa chokhala nyengo;
• kuti mitu ambiri a ku Ulaya Moscow ndi kuyandikira ku mtunda kuposa ena m'mizinda ikuluikulu ya Russia;
• mzinda ili pa mphambano ya njira zofunika zoyendera wachita kale polumikiza Europe kuti Russia ndi Asia;
• ubwino onse Moscow malo Hrs okha anawonjezera udindo wake likulu.