Udzu winawake - kulima mbande

Leaf udzu winawake wakula mu Russia m'zaka za m'ma 18, ndi tsopano ndi mbewu otchuka masamba ndi tsinde (kutsutsa) ndi udzu winawake muzu, amene akukhala nkhani ya kukula chidwi wamaluwa ambiri.

zinthu Agronomic udzu winawake kulima.

zinthu Agro-luso kwa mitundu yonse ya udzu winawake ndi pafupi zofanana. Mabedi kukula udzu winawake wakonzedwa malo chikhalidwe anayikidwa mu chaka chatha zofuna mchere ndi organic feteleza (anyezi, mbatata, nkhaka, etc.). Ndi bwino kusintha malo chaka kubzala udzu winawake ndipo tisamaganizire pambuyo mbewu zina ambulera kwa zaka 2, kuyambira tizirombo ndi matenda ndi wamba.

Nthaka pansi mbewu yotsatira ndi wokonzeka m'dzinja: kotala 1. mamita autumn, pamene kukumba umayamba manyowa (5kg) kapena kompositi (3 kg); asanadzalemo kasupe "pansi mafupa okhaokha" - urea (15g), superphosphate (30 g), mankhwala enaake potaziyamu (15 g). Nthaka acidic ikhale ya laimu, dongo - kumasula ndi mchenga. malo ayenera kukhala dzuwa, wodzaza madzi. Mapepala udzu winawake anamasulidwa mitundu musati amafuna kukula mbande, ndi mbewu yofesedwa mwachindunji m'munda.

Udzu winawake phesi, kulima n'zothekanso kufesa mbewu mwachindunji mu nthaka yotseguka mochedwa April, kuwasamalira kwambiri kupeza ndi minofu wachifundo mapesi. Koma ngati phesi wachibale wa udzu winawake mu msika nyakulima ali ndi kusankha - mbewu kapena mbande, kulima mbewu za udzu winawake muzu chofunika yokolola. Pa chitukuko ndi mapangidwe mbewu muzu ayenera pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, kotero mu zikhalidwe zathu nyengo kulima celeriac zitha mmera njira. wamaluwa odziwa amavomereza kufesa ntchito mbewu zomwe agona zaka 2-3.

Kukula mbande ya udzu winawake mizu ndi tsinde.

Za wamaluwa muzu udzu winawake wamaluwa aphunzira posachedwapa. Kunja zamzitini udzu winawake okha kwapatsidwa kudziwa kuti wodzichepetsa ndi odziwika bwino therere ali mtundu wina. Tsopano lalikulu, grayish-woyera, mizu wozungulira zikhoza kugulidwa mu chaka. Akamaziwononga yosungirako, muzu udzu winawake yaitali lofotokozabe kukoma kwake ndi "vitamini" khalidwe.

Udzu winawake mitundu yonse mbadwa ya Mediterranean, ndi thermophilic ndipo ali yaitali nyengo kukula. Choncho, udzu winawake, kulima chimene chimafuna nthaŵi yaitali, afesedwa mbewu m'ma February. Pre-mbewu akhathamiritsa masiku atatu kenako zouma. Bokosi ndi kuwaika ndi humus nthaka (mulingo ofanana), ndipo mbewu za pamwamba wosanjikiza mu polsantimetra owazidwa chisakanizo cha humus ndi mchenga. Wandiweyani woonda kunja mbande mbande si ofooka.

Kulima udzu winawake muzu mmera ndi tsinde kukuchitika kutentha 15-18 ° C. Ndipo akusowa madzi zolimbitsa, koma bwino - kupopera chifukwa mphukira ang'ono kwambiri ndi wosakhwima.

Pamene zikumera kuoneka, masamba chimodzi kapena ziwiri woona, mbande kudumphira m'madzi, ndipo kuziika mu miphika peat, ndi phesi la mbewu ayenera kumizidwa mu nthaka zosachepera theka la tsinde la. Patapita milungu iwiri, mbande zingabzalidwe m'munda, koma patsogolo kuti ayenera kulola: kuima mu malo ozizira (khonde, bwalo) usiku.

Chodzala mbande mu nthaka poyera ndi chisamaliro mbewu.

Ndipotu amaganiziridwa chisanu, zambiri mu m'ma May, mbewu zingabzalidwe. zomera Young nthawi ino anafika 5-7 masentimita kutalika ndi kukhala 4-5 masamba. Udzu winawake phesi mbande anabzala mu zitsime anakonza mizere pa mtunda wina ndi mzake - masentimita osachepera 15, mtunda wa pakati pa mizere ya - 40 cm.

Udzu winawake phesi, amene kukula mu zamtsogolo zonse ndiponso wodzaza kutsirira, amafuna chinyezi zonse nthaka - chofunika chitukuko zake zabwino. Bzalani kudya ikuchitika kawiri pa nyengo: otsiriza - m'ma July. Ndiye udzu winawake mapesi kukulunga pepala, udzu makalipeti (masamba zosatseka), kotero kuti mapesi kukhala yowutsa mudyo ndi wachifundo. Kololani phesi udzu winawake kukolola theka lachiwiri la August.

Udzu winawake muzu - kukula pamafunika kwambiri kuposa pepala kapena petiolar. Mbande obzalidwa mu zitsime spaced osachepera 30-40 masentimita pakati pa zomera ndi pakati pa mizere ya. Apical Mphukira ya mbewu sayenera yokutidwa ndi nthaka. Ndiye mmera zochuluka madzi. Udzu winawake muzu imayambira katatu pa nyengo. Nthawi yoyamba - masabata awiri pambuyo mmera kubzala, wachiwiri - mu nyengo ya kukula kwambiri masamba. Kudya lachitatu ikuchitika pa mapangidwe mwana wosabadwayo. Udzu winawake muzu mbewu kukolola mochedwa September - oyambirira October.