The filaments wa mycelium wa - ndi chiyani ichi? Kodi kukula mycelia kunyumba

Yendani mu nkhalango ya bowa chidwi ndi zosangalatsa, koma osati nthawi zonse n'zotheka kupeza nthawi amangokhala ali pikitipikiti moyo wamakono. Koma pali njira: mukhoza kukula iwo kunyumba. Izi mufunikira kudziwa zipangizo ndi kuleza mtima. Ntchito yaikulu kwa bowa wodzala ndi kupeza mycelium lapansi. losafunika sangathe kukambapo. Hyphae - mtundu wa zopezera ziwiya kuti kusonkhanitsa chakudya nthaka ndi kunyamula iwo kwa matupi zipatso za bowa ndi. Edible, kuuluka gawo lawo yomera tinatake tozungulira ikufunika mycelium lapansi.

Bowa msanga analanda m'dera lonse, amene ali oyenera kukula. Mbali imeneyi ili ndi tubular (ofanana m'thupi), kapangidwe ka mycelium lapansi. Komanso, dongosolo limakupatsani msanga achire chiwonongeko cha ngakhale ambiri matupi fruiting.

A chitsanzo chapadera cha bowa unicellular kungakhale yisiti n'kumugawa m'magulumagulu. Mycelium alibe mogwirizana ndi kusintha kwa moyo mu madzi TV chakudya chambiri.

Today tikambirana momwe amalola kuwapangitsa kuonetsetsa kuti anakakhala pansi mikangano mycelium. Pamafunika nthawi, koma zotsatira n'kosathandiza.

Kodi kukula bowa?

Kawirikawiri, mafani ndipo ngakhale amene kukula bowa zogulitsa, ntchito mycelium anagula ku makampani apadera. Kumeneko, pansi wosabala, kukonzekera mtsutso, umene pambuyo pake anapanga hyphae. Ndi ndondomeko yofuna microclimate wapadera. Mycelium monga zikhalidwe koyera ndi kunditumiza ku monga chimanga tirigu ndi mycelium kukula ndondomeko akuyamba. chipinda anali anaphwetsera ndi osasankhidwa mpweya, kuwonjezera, ndi overpressure anakhalabe, kotero kuti si kudutsa mlengalenga munali tizilombo. Izi ndi zofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti mbewu osati anakakhala pa mwandele ndi zina bowa zoipa ndipo musati amawononga chikhalidwe. Komabe, bowa mycelium akhoza kukhala wamkulu mu zinthu zambiri achikale. Pansipa ife kufotokoza ndondomeko lonse, kotero inu mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi kunyumba.

ndi ulusi wa mycelium chiyani?

Ndi kachitidwe ka machubu nthambi, hyphae, kukula apical ndi lateral nthambi. Kungakhale selo ndi acellular. Ambiri bowa edible ndi nyumba ukugwira ntchito pa mbali conductive. Filaments mycelium kapena zingwe zigwirizana hyphae anakonza kufanana ndi malo mwamphamvu mbamuikha kwa wina ndi mzake. Pa tyazhah bowa filamentous zili zoyambira za m'tsogolo. Kenako pali amaoneka okha matupi fruiting. Magulu anagawira mu gawo lapansi kwathunthu kuphimba dera lonse abwino kukula. Motero, mycelium kunyumba amatenga kum'patsa gawo. Ikuluikulu ndi, m'pamenenso mukumvetsa matupi fruiting.

yosavuta zasayansi

Zochokera chakuti kulenga panyumba ntchito sizotheka, tiyeni kuyesa akonzekeretse zinthu zoyenera kwa bowa ndi zipangizo zidutswa. Kukula mycelium amafuna chipinda, woyera ndi zosavuta kukonza. Nkofunika chiŵerengero chinyezi ndi kutentha mpweya. Kouma ndi ozizira malo kwambiri kuchepetsa zokolola, koma m'malo mwake, chifukwa cha kutentha mkulu kulimbikitsa kukula nkhungu. The momwe akadakwanitsira chinyezi okhutira peresenti 60-70. Nthawi zambiri ntchito zolinga zimenezi chapansi pano akumverera mycelium wabwino. The mycelium ali otsika kuwala, koma masensa chinyezi kukhazikitsa ubwenzi. Mlengalenga kutentha ayenera kukhala madigiri 20-24, akafuna akadakwanitsira akhoza anakhalabe ntchito Kutentha chipangizo yosavuta. Nkofunika kuti palibe fumbi ndi drafts, monga imapititsa matenda mycelium spores wa zoipa yaying'ono zamoyo ndi bowa.

Akadakwanitsira ndi yaing'ono chapansi wagawo dera 1.5-2 mamita pachithandara pulasitiki. Musaiwale kuti ngati tiyenera kupeza chikhalidwe choyera, zomwe ife ndiye kuvala gawo lapansi. Ntchito muyenera mitsuko galasi ndi lids, kukula sing'anga, cooker kwa yolera yotseketsa, komanso tweezers, eyedropper, momveka makapu pulasitiki. Monga chikhalidwe choyera chofunika kutenga ndalama za matupi zipatso. Pre-asambe bwino ofunika.

Kukonzekera sing'anga michere

Ife pang'onopang'ono kusamukira bwanji kukula kwa mycelium. Ngati sing'anga michere mu amene anaikapo zidutswa za bowa, ntchito mbatata mphamvu Hagara ndi chimera Tingafinye Hagara. Iwo akhoza kugulidwa okonzeka zopangidwa kapena kupanga nokha. Liziwawa Hagara zachokera okwanira 1 liziwawa, izo Chinawonjezeka magalamu 20 Hagara-Hagara ndi yophika mpaka kuvunda wathunthu. The otentha ayenera kuthira mu zotengera wosabala, ndiye mwamphamvu kutseka chivindikiro. Pambuyo sing'anga michere chazirala, ndi chivindikiro wakwezedwa ndipo anadzetsa minofu wathanzi kagawo edible zipatso thupi.

Pambuyo za 2-3 masiku kufwanyulira woyera limapezeka chotengeracho. Ichi ndi mycelium. Koma chifukwa izi zitha kukwaniritsa zinthu mogwirizana ndi mfundo za ukhondo. Komabe, kunyumba kusunga subtleties zonse zovuta, kawirikawiri mu chotengera pali wofiira, wobiriwira, imvi kapena yankhungu bowa ndi madera slimy mabakiteriya. Pofuna pachiopsezo zili bwino kuponya ndi yeseraninso. Komabe, inclusions aang'ono saloledwa, bola ngati hafu ya pamwamba okwana wotanganidwa zakudya wangwiro chikhalidwe mycelium wa bowa ndi. Ndiyeno patapita masabata 2-3 izo chidzakula padziko lonse, ndipo kwathunthu kubisa mitundu ina yonse ya bowa. mphindi ino amadziwika kumapeto kwa gawo ovuta kwambiri, ndiye - njomba.

Kodi mycelium?

Mycelium Pamafunika kuwayika iwo mu sing'anga chikhalidwe, kenako kwafalikira akuyamba. Komabe, apa pali chisokonezo za tanthauzo la zimene mycelium. Ena iyo gawo lapansi kachilombo mycelium kulima zina. Malinga ndi zina, ndi mycelium - ndi lokha mycelium, ndiko kuti, thupi la bowa, nthaka, ndi anabzala mu gawo lapansi ndi.

Tsikani pa chakuti mycelium - ndi gawo lapansi, limene linaikidwa pa mycelium. Iye tikungoyembekezera pamene adzayamba kumera mu udzu, utuchi, pa zipika, kapena makatoni. Ndiko kuti, mycelium n'kofunika kuti kulanda mycelium pa magawo awa.

Kupeza mycelium

Choncho, muli mycelium chikhalidwe m'bowawo. Nkofunika, koma ayenera gawo lapansi umene chidzakula matupi mawonekedwe fruiting. Ndi chimodzimodzi ngati kuti mbewu mukufuna kudzala mu nthaka yachonde. Nthawi zambiri, mafani amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito tirigu zimaswana, kuti ndi kubzala pa mbewu wapamwamba kwambiri. Kuti muchite izi muyenera mbewu, kungakhale tirigu, chimanga, kapena zina. Izo ziyenera wothira madzi mu chiŵerengero cha imodzi (mbali 2 madzi) awiri ndi yophika kwa mphindi 15-20. Kenako, kuduladula mu chopukutira choyera ndi kusiya kuti ziume. Komanso, gypsum anawonjezera mu kuchuluka kwa 1.3% ya okwana, kuwonjezera, amafuna kashiamu carbonate (0,3%). mitsuko woyera wodzazidwa ndi osakaniza zapangitsa kuti ¾ mabuku. Mphamvu chofunika kukulunga zojambulazo chivindikiro ndi chosawilitsidwa mu ng'anjo kwa maola osachepera awiri pa kutentha madigiri 120. Kamodzi mabanki kwathunthu ozizira, inu kuwonjezera magawo 3-4 a sing'anga. Pambuyo pafupi masabata atatu firiji ndi zophimbidwa tirigu woyera tubules maukonde. Tsopano ochepa mbewu zingafesedwe gawo lapansi uliwonse, amene akupezeka.

zina zimaswana

The mycelium akhoza kukhala wamkulu pa utuchi. Ndi wotsika mtengo ndi angagulidwe. Chifukwa fumbi lino chosawilitsidwa ndi otentha kapena calcination mu ng'anjo. Ndi zofunika kuti ntchito sing'anga-kakulidwe mitengo ya zipatso utuchi. Pambuyo njira yolera yotseketsa mu chidebe ndi iwo anayikidwa zidutswa zingapo osakaniza michere utakula mycelium woyera kufwanyulira. Pambuyo mycelium wa utuchi labwino lingathandize yolowera ku mitengo, udzu kapena makatoni. Kawirikawiri kupanga utuchi nyundo pulasitiki malaya, kutenga chubu kapena matabwa kuti ndi oyenera kulima bowa. Utuchi yabwino kwambiri, koma si chopatsa thanzi, choncho, amafuna zina zosiyana mycelium anali wokhoza kukula matupi zipatso. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, ndi mapaketi akuwonjezeka chinangwa kapena lina lililonse la asafe. Koma tirigu zimaswana zambiri zopatsa thanzi, kukonzekera ife kale anafotokoza.

Ngati mukufuna kuti azikakhala mycelium wa chipika, ndi bwino ntchito dowel ndodo kapena bowa. Izi ndodo wandiweyani anapanga zoumba utuchi, nkhuni tchipisi. Mycelium zosavuta kuyika mu dzenje pa mtengo wa. Kale kuphunzira nkhuni chuma, mofulumira adzayamba kusamukira ku kukula. Waukulu kusankha chikhalidwe - ndi yabwino gawo lapansi zakuthupi. Pakuti zipika zazikulu dowels abwino. Mycelium pa utuchi kapena mbewu zabwino chodzaza lotseguka gawo lapansi ndi utuchi, zikatoni ndi udzu. Musaiwale kuti aliyense bowa wakonda m'malo osiyanasiyana. Oyisitara ikukula bwino kwambiri pa utuchi ndi udzu, koma bowa wakonda sing'anga michere, monga ufa.

Sayansi ya kulima bowa

Nthawi zambiri, ndi mycelium wa bowa wamkulu panja. Koma khola, choncho kwambiri angakwanitse kusonkhanitsa kukolola olemera kwenikweni mu zikhalidwe chipinda. zapansi abwino ndi mosungira, limatifotokozera ndi tinyumba ta. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha wamba, kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. chipinda ayenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira, kutentha akadakwanitsira ali pamwamba pa madigiri 15. Chinyezi kuyenela ankalamulira, chinyezi muyeso kumabweretsa kuumba kukula, m'malo bowa.

Ife tanena kale kuti bowa mycelium amakonda michere gawo lapansi. Zotichititsa kompositi cholinga anakonza pa maziko a manyowa atsopano (zosaposa 25%) ndi udzu. Pankhaniyi, dziwani kuti chabe kusakaniza zigawo izi sikokwanira. Onetsetsani kuti composting, izi ndi zovuta amuzolengedwa ndondomeko. Pa izo anapanga yamasewera, amene ali abwino kwa bowa ndi si oyenera mpikisano. Sanakonzekere kompositi - ndi maziko a zokolola Choncho, kukonza manyowa dzenje, mudzaze izo zosakaniza, pafupi mwamphamvu wadulidwa udzu ndi kusiya kwa dzinja. M'chaka zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kukula bowa.

Choncho gawo lapansi ndi okonzeka, kudikira chipinda, ife kukula mycelium. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira anafotokoza m'bukuli, mukhoza kukonza nokha kapena kugula ku sitolo. Mumayenda Mlingo - 500 ga pa mita lalikulu.

Kulima bowa oyisitara

Ngati ndinu zatsopano kulima bowa, muyenera kuyamba ndi kalasi. chakuti oyisitara bowa mycelium ikukula mofulumira kwambiri, kuti ali, ali ndi mwayi kwambiri pa bowa. Ngakhale osati akatswiri gawo lapansi ndi kuphwanya zikhalidwe za kulima mwachidziwikire kupereka zotsatira zabwino. lophweka popanga ndi unit gawo lapansi, zingakhale ndi polyethylene thumba, mwamphamvu odzaza ndi utuchi ndi zina nkhuni. Komabe, kukula zokoma za matupi zipatso zovuta kuposa kuti akonze gawo lapansi.

Mycelium oyisitara mokwanira wovuta chinyezi ndi kutentha mpweya. Kuti zotsatira zabwino, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa mwayi apitirize lonyowa mpweya wabwino. Kumbukirani, pamene iyo iyamba kukula oyisitara? Mu autumn, pamene m'mawa ndi kale ozizira ndi chinyezi. Pofuna kupeza mbewu khola, muyenera kugula unsembe wapadera - akupanga chopangira chinyezi. Amalima nthunzi ozizira kapena chifunga. Ambiri akukumana ndi chakuti midadada ndi anthu oyisitara ndipo anaikidwa m'munda, kupereka zokolola m'dzinja kapena nyengo mvula ndipo ozizira m'chilimwe.

Maziko a gawo lapansi ayenera utuchi, zodulidwa ndi tchipisi. The zowonjezera michere Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngale balere. makilogalamu 2.5 ya gawo lapansi pa nthawi anatengedwa ndi magalamu 300 mbewu monga chimanga ndi gaga wa mpendadzuwa. The gawo lapansi ayenera wiritsani, ndi mphindi pang'ono kutha kuphika, kuwonjezera pa grits. Pamene osakaniza chazirala, kukhetsa mosamala ndipo ikani mu mikono pulasitiki, mangani ndi m'mbali zonse. Pambuyo tsiku amathera kukonzanso pasteurization. Pakuti gawo lapansi lino midadada ayenera kulimbana pa nthunzi kwa maola 6. Pambuyo pake, gawo lapansi utakhazikika ndi anawonjezera mycelium. Kuchita izi mu thumba anapanga mabala angapo, amene anapatsa supuni ya tiyi ya zimaswana tirigu. Patapita masiku 20-30, chipika lonse akutembenukira woyera ndipo ndi wokonzeka zipatso. Tsopano mbali imodzi ya chipika pulasitiki anatsegula, ndipo anapereka vertically.

kuti adzimvera

Monga mukuonera, palibe zovuta kukula bowa kunyumba. The mycelium akhoza kugulidwa ku sitolo kapena wamkulu nokha. Zimenezi ndi aatali kwambiri ndi zovuta, koma pamafunika kukhala osamala ndi kulemekeza malamulo zofunika kwambiri. Moithamangitsa, ndi kubweretsa nthawi yaitali nthawi yokolola, ntchito wokonzeka mycelium, amene amagulitsidwa m'masitolo zapaderazi. Izi kuchepetsa nthawi kukakamiza matupi fruiting wa masabata osachepera awiri.

Musaiwale kuti aziona ukhondo wa mycelium wa, wambirimbiri nkhungu, zinthu zowola, ndi formations ena gawo lapansi aonetsa kuti ndondomeko unachitikira ndi kuyan'anila, choncho, ntchito zinthu kwa kufesa mopitirira mu gawo lapansi angakhale oopsa.

Yesani nthawi yoyamba kukula oyisitara bowa mycelium. bowa Izi wodzichepetsa. Ngati inu anapima chodzala mu gawo lapansi ndi chiyambi cha autumn, mukhoza kupeza yokolola wolemera m'munda mwachindunji, popanda polenga zinthu zapadera.

Ngati bowa kutola kwenikweni kugwirizana ndi fungo la singano paini ndi chete nkhalango ati bwino koyenda. chochitika Likutchulidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, ndi mpweya wabwino, wolemera mu mpweya, kudzakuthandizani mwakale ndi kupeza mphamvu kwa nthawi yaitali sabata ntchito.