Ufa - m'dera chiyani? Ufa malo pa mapu

Mwina palibe munthu amene sanamvepo za mzinda wa ulemerero wa Ufa. N'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa ndi malo aakulu chuma ndi ndale za dziko.

mwachidule

Kuti "Ufa - zomwe dera la Russia" Nthawi zambiri zikumveka yankho lolakwika. Zambiri amatchedwa m'maderawa mudzi waukulu ndi dzina. Koma "Ufa m'dera" lero - lingaliro achikale. Iwo linathetsedwa mu 1953. Pa nthawi yomweyo Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic unakhazikitsidwa. Choncho, yolondola, ndi funsolo za m'dera zomwe. Ufa ndi likulu la Republic of Bashkortostan.

Ural mzinda - mmodzi wa midzi yaikulu ya dziko. Ufa pa mapu a Russia ili mu Urals ndi tithe khumi ndi chiwerengero cha anthu. Pa January 1, 2015 chiwerengero kuposa miliyoni anthu zikwi zana limodzi. Mu agglomeration Ufa moyo anthu zikwi mazana atatu.

Ufa pa mapu a Russia ali ndi malo apamwamba. Ndi malo aakulu a pafupifupi aliyense makampani - chuma, masewero, asayansi zoyendera.

mzinda lagawidwa m'zigawo zisanu ndi ziwiri utsogoleri.

Yachokera m'dera 1574.

Malo okwana pafupifupi 708 makilomita lalikulu.

Population kachulukidwe - anthu 1562 pa kilometre lalikulu.

Chachisanu nthawi zone GMT. Moscow za kusiyana kwa maola kuphatikiza ziwiri.

Phone code: +7 347.

Keyala: 450000 - 450 ndi 999.

Car Code: 02, 102.

Pali maofesi oposa makumi asanu ndi atatu a mabanki akuluakulu, komanso oimira makampani ziwongola dzanja zaogulitsa.

The etymology dzina la

Baibulo komaliza kwa chiyambi cha dzina m'tauni si pano. Pali zinthu zinayi zazikulu, ndi zambiri:

1. White Mtsinje.
2. Mtsinje.
3. Madzi.
4. Ntchito yomanga mitengo mwatsopano kudula.

mudziwe malo osiyanasiyana

Mzindawu uli m'dera la pakati pa White Mtsinje ndi makhwawa wake - Ufa.

Kutalika kwa mudzi makumi anayi makilomita, m'lifupi - makumi atatu.

Nyengo kotentha chokhala.

The osachepera olembedwa kutentha - opanda madigiri forte naini, Max - kuphatikiza makumi asanu ndi anayi. Sing'anga - kuphatikiza anayi.

Distance ku likulu la Chitaganya cha Russia pa msewu molunjika ndi chikwi makilomita mazana atatu makumi anai.

nkhani za m'mbiri

Yachokera pa nkhani ya mapu akale, kale m'nthawi ya chinayi kotheka kupeza chinthu "Ufa". m'dera Kodi akhoza kudzitama ndi mbiri nthawi yaitali? Kumene, pa nthawi imeneyo dzina zinali zosiyana. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale - Paskerti kapena Bashkort.

Official limafotokozera akuyamba ndi 1574, pambuyo yomanga mpanda wolimba kwambiri. Patangotha zaka ziwiri ndi kuthetsa walandira udindo wa mzinda ndi likulu.

Kenako, m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri, mzinda analandira odula manja. Iwo akunena marten akuthamanga.

Mu zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, mzinda ambiri dongosolo anali naye.

Ndi ntchito zachuma mzinda wa Ufa. Kodi malo ogulitsa sitingachisonyeze pano, n'zovuta kunena. Chifukwa cha kuyandikana kwa madipoziti mchere ndi zachilengedwe zikukangalika anayamba chikopa, kukonza sitima, matabwa, ophika buledi, nyama, makampani silicate.

The kutsogolera kwambiri chitukuko wakhala chitukuko cha navigation mu Ufa. Kodi ndi dera zoyendera ufulu anayamba zochuluka? Inde, njanji. Kutsegula kwa Samara-Zlatoust gawo la njirayo unachitikira mu 1892. Latsopano mmene kukumana mphamvu chinathandiza chitukuko cha malonda mu mzinda wa Ufa. Kodi ndi dera liti la Russia unali mu mawu yabwino yotereyi? chithunzi anali pang'ono ndithu.

The zochitika chosintha m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri wathunso ndi yaikulu mafakitale pakati - mzinda wa Ufa. m'dera Kodi akadali zimasunga zokhudza kusintha mofulumira mphamvu kwa kanthawi kochepa? Ufa chaka, kuyambira September 1918 mpaka June 1919 anapita ku manja a asilikali Cossack, boma, Kolchak, ndipo pomaliza amanyansidwa ndi asilikali a Red Army.

mzinda wachita yofunika kwambiri pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Apa iwo anasamutsidwa zosiyanasiyana zomera (malinga ndi kafukufuku nduna - za makumi). Ena a iwo anali pamodzi analipo kale, koma ambiri achita zawo. Komanso anasamutsidwa mabungwe ambiri, mabungwe kafukufuku, bureaus kamangidwe.

Mu 1944, Stalin mzinda chigawo anakhala mudzi - Chernikovsk. Komabe, patapita zaka khumi ndi awiri a kusintha yayimitsidwa.

Mu May 1952 kuyesera pa nsoka dera mu Bashkir kudziyimira pawokha unachitikira - Ufa dera unakhazikitsidwa. Koma patapita chaka anatembenuka polojekiti.

Antebellum makampani

Kale mu makumi Mu zaka zapitazo zinaonekeratu kuti wamphamvu mafakitale likulu la dera adzakhala mzinda wa Ufa. Kodi malo ogulitsa pano basi osati achokera: macheka, machesi, kuwala, chakudya.

Engine Bzalani inamangidwa mmasate lapansi. Mu 1937 - mafuta. chochitika anali yoyamba zaka zisanu asanatulukire m'munda wa mphamvu mafuta.

makampani zamakono

Nkhondo itatha anaganiza kukuza kupanga mankhwala kuwala mafuta, choncho ayenga awiri zinamangidwa.

Pakali pano, pafupi zaka mazana awiri makampani akuluakulu ntchito mwa Ufa.

Kuwonjezera pa kupanga ndi mayendedwe a mafuta ndi mankhwala mankhwala amphamvu chitukuko cha mawotchi zomangamanga ndi mankhwala mafakitale.

Bwinobwino ntchito sitima ndi chingwe mafakitale, zomangamanga ndi mabizinezi chida kupanga, si akakhala zitsulo fakitale, zipangizo kupanga kulankhulana ndi metrology.

mzinda limapanga mindandanda yamasewera kuyatsa nyale, tiransifoma.

Development wa zomangamanga, yopanga konkire mu mzinda monga Ufa. m'dera Kodi ukhoza kugula makampani ambiri anayi mtundu uwu? Ogula zimaperekedwa mndandanda machenjerero zosiyanasiyana.

mzinda anayamba kupanga mankhwala zitsulo, zomangamanga, njerwa, matailosi.

Wamphamvu nkhuni makampani - kupanga plywood, fiberboard, particleboard, machesi, thovu.

The adzasowa chakudya ukufanizidwa ndi kupanga mankhwala ophika buledi, nyama kulongedza katundu, mowa ndi zakumwa mopanda mowa: kvass, chakumwa chamandimu, madzi.

Kuwala makampani - kupanga mankhwala ena chobvala nsalu, knitwear ndi.

Malonda mankhwala: amabala katundu pulasitiki kwa konzanso wa anthu olumala, mavitamini ndi mankhwala.

zoyendera galimoto

Ndi siteshoni basi mzindawo mukhoza kupita pafupifupi kulikonse la Russia.

Malo otchuka kwambiri ndi Moscow, Kazan, Samara, Izhevsk, Orenburg.

Wakunja kwatawuni anachita makamaka mwa msewu.

zoyendera njanji

Ufa - lalikulu sitima zolumikizanazo. Pa tsiku siteshoni chapakati akutumikira sitima oposa makumi asanu.

Malangizo chachikulu - Moscow ndi m'mizinda ikuluikulu dziko.

zoyendera mpweya

The ndege padziko lonse "Ufa" akutumikira onse flights zoweta ndi ndege kunja. Malinga Russia, mbali yaikulu - Moscow, Kazan, Novy Urengoy, Surgut, St. Petersburg, Norilsk, Ekaterinburg, Irkutsk.

Ukugwira maulendo mayiko ku Baku, Bangkok, Dushanbe, ndi ena.

zoyendera madzi

White Mtsinje - ndi waterway lalikulu, zinandipangitsa kuti ophimba pa katundu ndi anthu ndi zoyendera mtsinje. Alendo zimaperekedwa maulendo kuti zokopa m'deralo.

samatha

Mukhoza kusuntha kuzungulira mzindawo pa sitima, mabasi, mabasi trolley, ochiritsira ndi yopepuka, matakisi, Skytrain.

zowoneka

Anthu ndi alendo mungasangalale zosiyanasiyana zipilala mapulani. lalikulu zedi anapereka achikumbutso, busts kanjedza kwambiri, ziboliboli.

Mu mzinda ambiri akasupe, m'madera zosangalatsa, m'mapaki, Matchalitchi, akachisi, mizikiti, masewera malaibulale. Mukhozanso kukaona masewera zakale, tambirimbiri, mpira, volebo, umodzi, mpira, zochitika za masewero, ayezi maofesi.