Ukwati Ivana Groznogo mfumu (lalifupi)

nthawi yapitayi ulamuliro wa Ivan IV, pa mavuto azandale ndi ndalama kunali kovuta. Omwazikana ukulu akhumudwitsana. Loyandikana limati - Lithuania, Germany, Poland - anayesa kulanda Moscow ukulu. Ndewu ndi Tartar-Mongol anawazunza sankaloledwa Russia mwakachetechete kulibe ndi kukhala.

Tsar Ivan Grozny anali mfumu yoyamba ya Russia a Orthodox. Ukwati Ivana Groznogo mu ufumu unachitikira Mfundo Cathedral wa boma la Russia, ndi khamu lalikulu la anthu. Munthu wotani? Kodi kusamalira Lazaro mu nthawi m'malo ovuta?

ukwati

Ukwati Ivana Groznogo mu ufumu analonjeza kusintha kwa bwino. The mwambo zinachitika January 16, 1547, nkhani kuti alipo pa nthawi ya script Byzantine. zikhumbo izi zinali kugwiritsidwa ngati Monomakh, mtanda wopatsa moyo ndi mtengo, ndodo yachifumu ndiponso zinthu zina zachipembedzo. ukwati zinali zodzaza ndi chimwambo ndi wopambana. boyars pano, anthu otchuka ndi mpingo atumiki anavala yokongola mtengo wa tonyamulira, golide ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali.

mabelu mpingo, onse akusangalala - zonsezi ndi lalikulu zokongola chikondwerero. The coronation Ivana Groznogo anatsimikiza udindo wake wapamwamba, ndi Russia anali wofanana ndi Roma. Moscow anakhala mzinda akulamulira, ndi Russian dziko - Russian ufumu. Young Prince wa Moscow anadzozedwa ndi mule, kuti mfundo achipembedzo limatanthauza kuti "osankhidwa ndi Mulungu". Mpingo mu zonse izi chidwi yeniyeni: kukwaniritsa patsogolo boma ndi kulimbitsa zina cha Orthodox.

The coronation Ivana Groznogo

Olamulira achikatolika zonsezi sanali ovomerezeka. Iwo ankaganiza wa Ivan IV wonyenga, ndipo ukwati wake - zodabwitsa za mwano. nthawi A imene amkunkhuniza kulamulira analidi kwambiri. Patangotha miyezi isanu ndi ukwati anayamba moto umene unawononga zikwizikwi nyumba, katundu, ziweto, m'matangadza chakudya. Ichi ndi chinthu chofunika kwa moyo. Ndipo chinthu choyipa kuti moto anapha anthu oposa chikwi. Anachitika anthu pa phiri zinachititsa kuti kusakhutira ndi mtima. Yambani chipolowe, kupanduka, chipwirikiti. Ukwati Ivana Groznogo mu ufumu anasanduka wadutsamo.

Zinali bwino kuthetsa ntchito yofunika: kulimbikitsa "chilungamo" ndi kuwonjezera Russia a Orthodox. maloto Ichi ndi Grand Duke wa Moscow - Ivan III, amene anaika phata la boma la Russia. Koma mmene panali mavuto ambiri. Aliyense ukulu gravitated kwa ufulu. The boyars kumenyana pakati pawo kwa mphamvu. Akalonga adafuna mphamvu ndi ukulu.

The njira ya Board

Malinga ndi azambiriyakale, chifukwa cha chinsinsi kuphana Ivan IV pa zaka eyiti anali wamasiye. Iyeyo anasiya, kupweteka ndi opulumutsidwa chakukhosi wake ndi anthu. Kukula, ndimaona nkhanza kwa n'zimene anatchedwa Ivan kwambiri. Ukwati Ivana Groznogo mu ufumu (1547) - ndiko chiyambi cha nthawi ya chiwawa chiwawa Russia ndi Grand Duke, analandira udindo wa Mfumu. Chitsanzo ndi dandaulo pa 70 Pskov kazembe zobwera - Prince Pronsky. Pakuti ndi mfumu pansi kudandaula aakulu wozunzikirapo. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti akuwakonda olamulira m'deralo. Kumverera kulangidwa, iwo anapitiriza kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso.

Kulekerera ndipo zotsatira zake osati amakakamizidwa kudikira nthawi yaitali kubwezera: anayamba kulamulira mantha. Unachititsa chisokonezo, zipolowe mu Moscow ndiponso mizinda ina. Kupondereza kusakhutira ntchito miyeso nkhanza: chilango choopsa, nkhani yonena za mfumu.

The mbali zabwino za ulamuliro

Ndipo kupambana zabwino za boma la Russia taonera mbiri yakale ukwati Ivana Groznogo mu ufumu. Mwa kusintha kwa Kuchepetsa parochialism (Code wa Service), obliging satumikira akapolo okha, komanso a landlords lapansi. kusintha boma amapereka m'malo mphamvu abwanamkubwa osankhidwa matupi. Izi zimasokoneza kwambiri akasiyana. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa malonda yomanga. Kusakasaka wakale ndi watsopano nyumba mwala zolinga zosiyanasiyana.

Mu 1560 mu Moscow panali wokongola St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo, zokondweretsa pamaso lero. Ukwati Ivana Groznogo mu ufumu kwachititsa kusintha kwambiri mfundo yachilendo.

mfundo yachilendo

Chifukwa cha kulimbitsa a magulu paramilitary kukuza malire a boma la Russia. Mu 1556, izo potsiriza nkhondo linalanda kwa Muscovy Kazan. Mu chaka chomwecho, ndipo anagonjetsa Astrakhan Khanate. June 30, 1572 pafupi Moscow kunachitika nkhondo, zomwe zinachititsa Chitata anagonjetsedwa ndipo anathawa n'kusiya wandende wotchuka ambiri Divey-Murza. Ndi Chitata goli inatha kalekale. Ukwati Ivana Groznogo mu ufumu, m'badwo wa ulamuliro wake, limanenedwa ngati nthawi ya kusintha kwakukulu.

Mu mbiri ya Orthodox Russia munasintha zaka zomalizira za ulamuliro Ivana Groznogo imfa ya mwana wake. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale kuti Mfumu adapha mwana wake mutakwiya, kupulula chilonda mutu ndi ndodo yake. Atachira nkhani inayake Grozny anazindikira kuti anawononga tsogolo la ufumuwo. Mwana wamng'ono Fedor anali amadwaladwala: sanathe kutsogolera dziko. Loss wolowa chifukwa cha nkhanza zake definitively kuchichepetsa thanzi mfumu. Nsanza thupi sangaime mantha mantha, zaka zitatu pambuyo pa imfa ya mwana wake, March 18, 1584, Ivan Grozny anafa.

Apadera umunthu mu Russia

Pambuyo pa imfa ya mfumu iye kumene kumakhala Amonke tonsure mwambo chitachitidwa ndi kum'patsa dzina Yona. Ukwati Ivana Groznogo mu ufumu akhoza mwachidule anafotokoza lowala, koma pa nthawi yomweyo mdima malo mu mbiri ya Wamkulu Orthodox Russia. Chifukwa mu wamng'ono kwambiri zaka maganizo mantha, nagwa katundu mbiri yake, mphamvu, udindo anatsimikiza zochita lake lenileni ndi zochita boma.

Pakuti mbiri ya ukwati Ivana Groznogo mu ufumu (chaka 1547) anali chiyambi cha m'nyengo yapadera ya mapangidwe boma Russian. Ndiyamika mfumu yake yoyamba, ulamuliro wake, panali Russian Ufumu, zomwe zinakhala anayamba lero.