World History: Fascism ku Italy

Fascism mu Italy adanyamuka m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi m'ma mawonekedwe a boma ndi authoritarian mtundu mfundo, zizindikiro za yemwe anakhala amphamvu mwambo mwa umunthu ndi mfundo za nkhondo zonse. Apa, boma anazindikira mlengi wa ufulu ndi kumasulika kwa munthu anapatsa mtundu malamulo. Motero, osati Kupititsa ndi malonda mabungwe, komanso kukhazikitsa mwauzimu komanso m'makhalidwe. Malinga ndi Mussolini, dziko ndi malingaliro atsopano awukitsa anthu ku kuli wosazindikira mphamvu anthu a msinkhu, otchedwa Ufumu. Choncho, maganizo ake okha Fascism angathetse zotsutsana za bizinesi ku Italy. Mussolini kugwirizanitsa mfundo ya "mtundu" ndi "chikhalidwe" mu umodzi - munthu kapena gulu amene ndi chifuniro, mphamvu ndi ulamuliro, ndi lingaliro la kukhala ndi mphamvu.

Fascism mu Italy adanyamuka kale kuposa mayiko ena. Chinathandiza ndale, a zachuma ndipo zimenezi chikhalidwe mavuto akuwuka kwa zotsatira za First World nkhondo. M'dziko lolamuliridwa ndi ulova ndi umphawi.

Nkhondo mu Italy, amene anacititsa malo ena, mzinda analengeza chiopsezo free, chimene chinapangitsa chochititsa manyazi ndi chopusa mwa anthu. Boma ayi ku ntchito ya asilikali mumzinda Gabriele D'Annunzio. Iwo analamulira kumeneko miyezi khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, potero kupanga zinthu za Fascism mu dziko.

Kenako, gulu la "nkhondowo wagawo" pansi pa utsogoleri wa Mussolini amatenga chitsanzo cha kalembedwe mfundo D'Annunzio. Mussolini Bungwe mu Nazi Party (NFP), ndi bungwe misa kuyenda.

Malingaliro a gulu latsopano anakopeka ophunzira a nkhondo, komanso achinyamata, amene anaona ngati mphamvu ya zandale, zomwe ankafuna kuthetsa mavuto dziko payekha. Fascism mu Italy kwenikweni anapitiriza lonse nkhondo nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Pankhaniyi, apolisi ndi boma, popanda n'kusokoneza ntchito za gululi, anamulimbikitsa kanthu. Choncho, fascism walandira thandizo champhamvu cha Party Communist ndi mabungwe landlords. Komanso, Mussolini anaikidwa Nduna.

Kale mu 1921, Mussolini anakhala mutu wa boma la Italy, ndi 1924 chipani chake kupeza mavoti ambiri, kuwalola kulamulira yamalamulo. Choncho, pa nthawi, tinayamba kupanga mabungwe lopondereza kuti anathandiza boma zinachititsa kuti kwathunthu kubisa yamalamulo ndi kulenga Nyumba ya mabungwe lopondereza. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, anayamba kufalitsa lamulo latsopano kuti amalola kuwonjezera mphamvu ya Mussolini likuvutika yamalamulo anapereka kwa nchito yanyumba kumakonsolo mzinda wa akuluakulu, komanso chiyembekezo chakuti ufulu wa kucheza ndi atolankhani. M'kupita kwa nthawi, panali makhalidwe a munthu, munthu mwankhanza. Lopondereza chipani chakhala mbali ya boma zida mu dziko monga Italy. Fascism amakhala ndi mantha misa. Nthawi zambiri mu dziko zinachitika yimitsira wokambirana misa ndi chokana wamagazi ndi otsutsa. Chuma cha ulamuliro wa Mussolini anali patsogolo kunja, izo anauika njira ya chitsitsimutso mu Ufumu wa Roma. Ndi kukhazikitsa pulogalamu imeneyi, mayiko ambiri walandidwa. Ndipo mu 1940, Italy, pamodzi ndi Germany ndi Japan watero nkhondo pa Britain ndi France, ndipo patapita kanthawi, ndi Greece. Pa nthawi imeneyo, atolankhani Italy wakhala ndi malonjezo za chitsitsimutso chayandikira cha European Roma, koma mapeto sanali konse monga momwe anali kuyembekezera.

Choncho, kuganizira mbiri ya zaka, chiyenera kuti Fascism mu Italy ndi Germany anayamba chitukuko chifukwa cha chuma, chikhalidwe ndi ndale mavuto mu zaka unawonongedwa. Ndipo pamene Mussolini anayamba kulamulira zaka zitatu utayambika chipani ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zake kulimbitsa, Hitler anagwira mphamvu zaka khumi ndi zitatu zokha, koma kwa miyezi sikisi kwathetsa magulu onse kuti mpikisano naye. Chinthu china chofunika ndi udindo wa anthu kukhazikitsidwa ndi ulamuliro wankhanza mu dziko. Iwo woyikidwa malingaliro awo, kuikapo maganizo kupanga nkhondo, kukhala chuma, ntchito mantha misa.