Xenobiotics ndi anthu. Zimene xenobiotics. Mphamvu ya xenobiotics pa anthu. Xenobiotics - kuti ...

Ndi chitukuko cha anthu mafakitale, panali kusintha mapangidwe biosphere lapansi. A zambiri zinthu zachilendo, ndiwo mankhwala a zochita za anthu, mu chilengedwe. Chifukwa, iwo zimakhudza umoyo wa zamoyo zonse, kuphatikizapo zathu.

Kodi xenobiotics?

Xenobiotics - ndi kupanga zinthu zinthu zikuwononga kuti chamoyo chilichonse. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo zinthu zinyalala mafakitale, cholinga banja (ufa, dishwashing), zomangira ndi zina zotero D..

A ambiri xenobiotics - zinthu mofulumira zikamera wa mbewu. Nkofunika ulimi kuonjezera kukana mbewu ndi tizirombo zosiyanasiyana, komanso kupereka amuone bwino. Pofuna kukwaniritsa mawu amenewa, ntchito mankhwala, amene ali mlendo kwa thupi.

zomangira, zomatira, utoto, katundu wa m'nyumba, zowonjezera zakudya - xenobiotics onsewa. A gulu ili, oddly mokwanira, ndi zina zamoyo zamoyo monga mavairasi, mabakiteriya, tizilombo bowa, nyongolotsi.

Monga xenobiotics kanthu pa thupi?

Zinthu mlendo kwa zamoyo zonse, kusokoneza njira zambiri kagayidwe kachakudya. Mwachitsanzo, zitsulo chingaimitse ntchito Kakhungu njira kuwononga mapuloteni zimagwirira ntchito zofunika destabilize ndi plasmalemma ndi khoma khungu, chifukwa thupi lawo siligwirizana.

chamoyo chilichonse kumlingo ndi ndinazolowera kuchotsa ziphe poizoni. Komabe, anthu ambiri lalikulu la mankhwala sangathe kuchotsedwa kwathunthu. Ayoni zitsulo poizoni organic ndi zochita kupanga zinthu m'kupita kudziunjikira mu thupi ndipo patapita nthawi zina za nthawi (zambiri Patapita zaka zingapo) patsogolo kwa pathologies ndi, matenda, chifuwa.

Xenobiotics - ziphe. Iwo akhoza kulowa dongosolo m'mimba, dongosolo kupuma ndi ngakhale kudzera khungu wawo. kulowa njira amadalira boma la loitanirana, dongosolo la zinthu zosiyanasiyana, komanso mmene chilengedwe.

Kudzera M'mimbamo m'mphuno ndi mpweya kapena fumbi kulowa m'thupi gaseous chimasanduka, ethyl ndi methyl alcohols, acetaldehyde, mankhwala enaake a hydrogen, efa, acetone. Pamene dongosolo m'mimba kudutsa phenols, cyanides, zitsulo (kutsogolera chromium, chitsulo, cobalt, mkuwa, Mercury, thallium, antimony). Tikumbukenso kuti zinthu monga chitsulo kapena cobalt, kuti thupi, koma amanena sayenera upambana ndi masauzande peresenti a. Pa mlingo waukulu iwo kuyambitsa zoyipa.

gulu la xenobiotics

Xenobiotics - si mankhwala monga organic ndi zochita kupanga chiyambi. Gulu uli ndi zinthu zamoyo monga mavairasi, mabakiteriya, nkhungu tizilombo ndi protists, helminths. Oddly zokwanira, koma zochitika thupi monga phokoso, kugwedera, dzuwa, kuwala, komanso a xenobiotics.

Malinga ndi mipweya ya ziphe onse anawagawa:

1. Organic (phenols, alcohols, chimasanduka, aldehydes ndi ketones, ethers halogenated, ndi zina zotero. D.).
2. Mchitidwe-organic (organic phosphorous, organic mankhwala enaake ndi ena).
3. The zochita kupanga (zitsulo ndi oxides awo, zidulo, zapansi).

Pa chiyambi cha xenobiotics mankhwala anawagawa m'magulu awa:

1. Industrial.
2. Banja.
3. Zaulimi.
4. Poizoni zinthu.

Chifukwa xenobiotics thanzi?

Maonekedwe a zinthu zachilendo mu thupi kwambiri bwanji ntchito yake. Kuchuluka ndende ya xenobiotics kumabweretsa kusintha pathologies pa mlingo DNA.

Chitetezo chokwanira - mmodzi wa zopinga zazikulu zozitetezera. Mphamvu ya xenobiotics ingafalire kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi, kuteteza ntchito wabwinobwino wa lymphocytes ndi. Chifukwa, maselo amenewa ali bwino ntchito, imbaenda chifooke chitetezo cha lake ndi zikamera wa chifuwa.

Matupi a maselo tcheru ndi zotsatira za mutagen iliyonse. Xenobiotics, ozama mu selo, akhoza kusokoneza kapangidwe yachibadwa ya DNA ndi RNA, imbaenda ku masinthidwe. Ngati chiwerengero cha zochitika zazikulu, ngozi za khansa akuwonekera.

Ena ziphe zinthu kusankha pa chandamale limba. Choncho, akutali neurotrophic xenobiotics (Mercury, kutsogolera manganese, mpweya disulfide), Gematotropnye (benzene, Arsenic, phenylhydrazine) hepatotropic (chlorinated chimasanduka), nephrotropic (cadmium mankhwala ndi fluorine, ethylene glycol).

Xenobiotics ndi anthu

ntchito zachuma ndi mafakitale chimawononga thanzi la munthu chifukwa cha ndalama zinyalala, mankhwala, asatayike. Xenobiotics tsopano anapeza kulikonse, motero imabwera awo kulowa thupi nthawi zonse mkulu.

Komabe, xenobiotics amphamvu kwambiri, amene akupezeka paliponse munthu - mankhwala. Mankhwala monga sayansi kuphunzira zotsatira za mankhwala pa zamoyo. Akatswiri amanena xenobiotics chiyambi zimenezi ndizo chifukwa cha 40% ya chiwindi, ndipo N'zosadabwitsa: ntchito yaikulu ya chiwindi ndi mu kuchotsa poizoni. Choncho, thupi akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mlingo waukulu wa mankhwala.

Kuteteza poyizoni

Xenobiotics - ndi zachilendo kwa thunthu thupi. Thupi la munthu zachitika angapo njira zina kuchotsa poizoni izi. Mwachitsanzo, poizoni akhoza zopanda ndipo anachotsa chiwindi mu chilengedwe kudzera kupuma, dongosolo excretory, sebaceous, thukuta ndi ngakhale pachifuwa.

Ngakhale izi, munthuyo ayenera kutenga njira kuchepetsa mavuto a ziphe. Choyamba, muyenera mosamala kusankha chakudya. "E" gulu zina ndi xenobiotics yolimba, kugula malonda ayenera kupewedwa. Sikuti kokha mu maonekedwe kusankha zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Nthawi kulabadira tsiku lothera ndi, mwachitsanzo. A. Pa lotha ake mu mankhwala opangidwa ziphe.

Nthawi zonse ofunika kudziwa muyeso wa mankhwala. N'zoona kuti mankhwala zambiri m'pofunika zofunika, koma onetsetsani kuti sanali kukhala mu dongosolo mowa zosafunika wa asatayike.

Pewani kugwira ntchito ndi reagents oopsa, allergens, kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kuchepetsa zotsatira za mankhwala banja thanzi lanu.

Pomaliza

Izo Sizotheka kusunga kuipa kwa xenobiotics. Nthawi zina kudziunjikira lalikulu zedi, kukhala nthawi bomba. Wina ndi thupi zinthu zovulaza thanzi, imbaenda ku kakulidwe ka matenda.

Kotero kumbukirani za miyeso osachepera njira. Inu mwina mukhoza zindikirani zoyipa nthawi yomweyo, koma patapita zaka zingapo xenobiotics kungayambitse mavuto aakulu. Musaiwale za izo.