Yolani kubzala kwa wofiira currant m'dzinja

Kuyambira nthawi yofiira currant amaonedwa ngati thanzi labwino. Zitsamba zake zimatha kufika mamita 1.5 ndipo zimabereka zipatso kwa zaka makumi khumi. Maluwa amitundu yosiyanasiyana amayamba pafupi kumapeto kwa May. Kukoma kwathunthu kwa zipatso kumapezeka mu July.

Zosiyanasiyana zofiira currant

Mitundu yowonjezereka ya zipatso za m'nyengo yozizira yozizira kwambiri ndi Gazelle, Houghton Castle ndi Natalie. Zoyamba zosiyana ndizopakatikati-oyambirira. Zipatso zake ndizochepa kwambiri ndi mtundu wokoma ndi wowawasa. Zachiwiri zosiyanasiyana ndizamphamvu shrub ndi wakuda bulawa mphukira. Zipatso zake ndi zofanana ndi kukoma ndi kukula kwa mphesa za Gazelle. Koma Natalie, iye ndi mmodzi wa atsopano. Ntchito yake yaikulu ndi zokolola zambiri.

Simungathe kunyalanyaza zosiyana monga Versailles zofiira, zomwe zimakhala zofala kwambiri ku Baltics. Zitsamba zake zimayamba kuphulika kale kumapeto kwa April. Zimasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba ake ofiira ndi masamba ochepa. Zipatso ndi zokoma.

Komanso osadzichepetsa kuti azitha kuvutika ndi Dutch Red. Ndizokhala ndi nthawi yaitali komanso zobala zipatso zomwe zingathe kubzala mbewu kwa zaka 30.

Ku Russia, mtundu wina wa currant, womwe unabweretsedwa ku USSR ku Britain, unatchuka kwambiri. Ichi ndi mtundu wotchedwa Red Cross. Malo abwino oti akule ndi kumpoto kwa Kazakhstan. Zipatso za zosiyanasiyana zolemera mpaka 1 g ndi kukoma monga wakuda currant. Mitengo - kufalikira ndi sredneroslye.

Dothi lodzala

Yabwino kwambiri ya currant yofiira ili bwino, malo otseguka. Ngati vutoli silinakwaniritsidwe, ndiye kuti zipatsozo zidzakula ndipo zidzataya. Mitundu iyi imakonda malo a mchenga, otayirira kapena loamy. Ngati nthawi yomwe masika imakhala yamadzi kapena malo enieniwo ndi otsika, ndi bwino kuti tizitsamba pazitsulo zochepa. Kuti acidity ya nthaka ikhale yopanda ndale kapena yofooka.

Kuyala kwa currant yofiira m'dzinja kumapangidwira masentimita 35. Ndikofunika kuti dzenje lisakhale loposa 50 masentimita awiri. Kuti manyowa agwiritsire ntchito kompositi kapena manyowa osinthidwa. Komabe, wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera 50 magalamu a superphosphate ndi potaziyamu kloride (pa 10 malita a madzi) mpaka osakaniza. Ndizabwino kuti manyowa awononge nthaka mu dzenje ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa nkhuni phulusa.

Kukonzekera mbande

Nthaŵi yoyenera yodzala currant yofiira ndi theka la mwezi wa September. Komabe, poyamba, muyenera kukonzekera mbande kunyumba. Dulani zidutswa zamadzimadzi zomwe zimayambitsidwa bwino kumapeto kwa August. Pa mmera ayenera kukhala 3-4 impso zamphamvu. Dulani nsonga ndi maziko a nthambi, ndipo pakati idzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphukira yamtsogolo. Kutalika kwake sikuyenera kupitirira 30 cm. Kutalika kwa impso zotsika kwambiri kumapeto kuli pafupifupi masentimita 15.

Ikani mbande mu miphika (mabokosi) ayenera kukhala ofunika. Dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala lotayirira ndi lachisanu. Miphika ndi mphukira za mtsogolo zimayikidwa pamalo abwino. Pambuyo pa milungu iŵiri, mizu idzawoneka mu cuttings, ndipo ikhoza kusamutsidwa pansi. Nthaŵi yobzala zofiira zofiira zimadalira kukula kwa mphukira mu chipinda. Kuti muzuke mizu, zimatenga masiku khumi, choncho ndibwino kuti muzikonzekera pasanafike - kumapeto kwa chilimwe.

Kubzala kwa currants yofiira

Pa gawo loyambirira, muyenera kusankha malo otseguka kuti muzitsuka. Pamene mizu ya mphukira yaing'ono imakula, imatha kubzalidwa pansi. Olima amaluso akulangizidwa kuti achite izi mu masabata atatu oyambirira a September, ngakhale kuti mawuwo amadalira nyengo. Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kuli pamwamba +20 ^о С ndipo dzuwa likuwawala nthawi zonse, ndipo chisanu chimadza pafupi ndi February, ndiye kuti kubzala kwa kofiira kofiira kumaloledwa mpaka pakati pa Oktoba. Chofunika kwambiri pa nkhaniyi ndi chakuti mizu ya cuttings iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pansi, mwinamwake sidzapulumuka m'nyengo yozizira. Ndifunikanso kuti fossa ya mbande ikhale yoyenera. Kuchita kumasonyeza kuti kuya kwake ndi m'kati mwake ziyenera kukhala osachepera 50 masentimita. Awiri mwa magawo atatu a dzenje amadzazidwa ndi mineral feteleza ndi zowonjezera. Mzere wosanjikiza uyenera kukhala nthaka yachonde. Idzabzalidwa yofiira currant mu kugwa.

Pakati pa kukonzekera mphukira, iwo ali ndi mizu yochepa, koma zina zowonjezera ndizofunika kuti zitsimikizidwe zomaliza m'nthaka. Chiwembu chodzala currant yofiira ndi motere: a cuttings amalowetsedwa mu nthaka yomwe kale idalumikizidwa ndi chikhalidwe cha madigiri 45, ndiye amadzaza ndi nthaka ndi manyowa. Ndi bwino kumvetsera mtundu wa makungwa. Ngati ali wobiriwira kapena wakuda, ndiye kuti chomeracho chafalikira kapena chafota, choncho chiyenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo kuchokera ku fossa.

Masamba mu mbande ziwiri masabata sayenera kukhala. Ngati iwo aonekera, ayenera kudulidwa kuti madzi ndi zakudya zonse zizibwera kumzu. Pamaso pa chisanu choyamba, chomeracho chiyenera kukhazikika pansi.

Kubalana ndi cuttings

Ziyenera kuzindikiridwa nthawi yomweyo kuti zofiira zofiira kuzinthu zoterezi ndizosazindikira kwambiri kuposa zakuda. Mnyamata yekha kapena awiri wazaka zitsamba ali oyenera kuswana. Kupanga cuttings ofiira currant omwe amapangidwa kumapeto kwa mwezi wa September. Kutalika kwa mphukira kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 25. Ndikofunika kuti panthawi yomwe kudulidwa kudulidwa chitsamba sichimauma ndipo sichinayambe. Zomera zimasungidwa kwa kanthawi m'firiji, atakulungidwa mu filimu kapena yokutidwa mchenga wouma. Kubzala kwa currant yofiira m'dzinja kumalola kuti ikhale mizu pansi musanayambe chisanu ndi mphepo zamphamvu. Komabe, ena wamaluwa amakonda kuchulukitsa chomera mu April. Chosavuta cha kubzala kumeneko ndi chakuti ziphuphu zimatha kufota, monga chirimwe nyengo imakhala yotentha ndipo si yoyenera kucha kucha mphukira pansi.

Asanabereke, cuttings ayenera kusonkhanitsa chinyezi. Nkofunikanso kubwezeretsa chigawo chapansi (diagonally) musanadzalemo. Kuonjezerapo, tikulimbikitsanso kupanga zinthu zing'onozing'ono zosasunthika pamunsi mwa tizidutswa ta cuttings. Bzalani ku kuya kwa masentimita 20-30. Kwa nyengo yozizira, mukhoza kudzaza mabedi ndi wosanjikiza wa udzu kapena utuchi.

Kusamalira achinyamata kumera

Zaka 3 zoyambirira zofiira zofiira zimakhala zochuluka, monga impso nthawi zonse zimafunikira mchere. Pa nthawiyi, mizu imapangidwa, yomwe idzagwira chitsamba kwa zaka zambiri. Kusamalira mphukira zachinyamata kumafuna osati mchere mchere, komanso organic. Komanso nkofunika kuchotsa namsongole m'nthaka nthawi yake, yomwe imatenga chinyezi chonse kuchokera ku currant ndi kutseka mizu ya kuwala. Zofunika ndizo zothandizira, zomwe nthambizo zimakhala pansi pa zolemera za zipatso. M'nyengo yozizira, nkofunika kumangiriza nthambi pansi kuti zisagwe pansi pa zipale za chisanu.

Kudulira tchire wamng'ono

Kubzala kwa currant yofiira m'dzinja kumatanthawuza kuchotsedwa kwa nthambi zosafunikira nthawi yomweyo. Malingana ndi wamaluwa, kudulira kuyenera kuchitika muzomwe munabzala mutatha zaka 3-5. Ndibwino kuti mukukonzekera chitsamba kuchokera ku thickening nthawi - kumapeto kwa October.

Nthambi zouma ndi kachilombo zimachotsedwa pansi. Mphukira yaing'ono imakonzedwa kuti masamba 2-3 amphamvu akhalebe pa iwo. Pachifukwa chimodzi, sipangakhale mphukira zoposa 2.

Mdulidwe wokhala ndi masentimita 8 kapena kuposerapo uyenera kudzozedwa ndi njira yapadera, kotero kuti bowa sichimapanga pachimake.

N'chifukwa chiyani currant yofiira?

Zipatso za zomera izi zimapindulitsa kwambiri ma vitamini A, B, C, E, H ndi PP. Komanso mu currant yofiira ndi beta-carotene, phulusa, chitsulo, phosphorous, potaziyamu, sodium ndi zina zambiri zamchere. Zakudya zake sizimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri, choncho zimatengedwa ngati zakudya. Kalori wokhutira mu magalamu 100 - 39 cal. Zambiri mwazofiira zamtundu wa red currant ndi provitamin A. Zipatso za zomera izi zimathandiza kuti atherosclerosis, kuchepa kwa magazi, matenda a shuga, matumbo ndi matenda ena wamba.