Yotsalira asafe mu umagwirira magazi

odwala ambiri amachita chidwi ndi funso - kodi sayansi magazi, komanso yotsalira asafe, decoding mayesero magazi. kafukufuku amuzolengedwa ankagwiritsa ntchito matenda, iwo kuthandiza kuzindikira matenda aakulu, monga matenda a shuga, zotupa khansa, anemias zosiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi kuchita zinthu mwa mankhwala. yotsalira asafe alipo urea, creatinine, amino zidulo, indikane. mlingo yake amasonyeza kusintha kulikonse pathological mu thupi la munthu.

Amuzolengedwa kusanthula magazi

Chionetsero kusanthula zikuchokera amuzolengedwa magazi walola digiri yapamwamba ya Mwina kudziwa magawo oyambirira kusintha zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi ziwalo. Kukonzekera kwa sayansi kumachitidwa mwanjira yomweyo monga pamene mukumwa MAGAZI. Kuphunzira magazi zachotsedwa kwa m'mitsempha cubital. i ofunika awa:

• Kupezeka kwa mapuloteni;
• nitrogenous nusu - zina asafe, creatinine, urea, mankhwala zochita kupanga;
• bilirubin;
• Mlingo wa kagayidwe mafuta.

The yotsalira magazi asafe - ndichiyani?

Pogwira magazi kusanthula magawo amuzolengedwa ayesedwa mu okwana zili magazi zinthu monga asafe, pokhapokha mapuloteni onse kale yotengedwa. Kuchuluka kwa deta amatchedwa yotsalira magazi asafe. Wolembedwa, chithunzi ichi pokhapokha mapuloteni zichotsedwa, chifukwa iwo ali mu thupi la munthu ndi asafe kwambiri. Choncho anatsimikiza bun, amino zidulo, creatinine, indican, uric asidi, ammonia. Mwina muli asafe ndi zina zinthu sanali mapuloteni chiyambi: mapeputisayidi, bilirubin ndi mankhwala ena. Data kusanthula pa asafe yotsalira amapereka lingaliro la umoyo wa wodwalayo, amasonyeza matenda aakulu amaganizira mavuto a deducing ndi ntchito sefa a impso. Mwachibadwa, ndi yotsalira asafe - kuchokera 14,3 kuti 28,5 mmol / lita. Chulukitsani kuti amapezeka pa maziko ndi:

• polycystic;
• aakulu aimpso matenda;
• hydronephrosis;
• miyala ureter ya;
• tuberculous impso kuwonongeka.

diagnostics

Popeza chitsanzo yotsalira kuti asafe akulowa kusanthula amuzolengedwa, lokonzekera ikuchitika mogwirizana ndi mfundo mofanana pamaso yobereka kuti zigawo zina za matenda. Kuti mulandire zotsatira zolondola n'kofunika kuona angapo malamulo nthawi ya sayansi magazi:

•, ndipo kwa nthawi yoyamba Ngati muli kutenga kukonzanso kuwunika, ndi bwino kuchita izo mu zasayansi chomwecho. Popeza mayesero awo onse matenda choyezera, iwo ndi machitidwe osiyana kuwunika zotsatira.
• A chitsanzo magazi wachotsedwa m'mitsempha cubital, mwina chifukwa cha chala, ngati palibe mwayi kwa mtsempha kapena kuonongeka.
• Kuchititsa kusanthula ndi ayenera kukhala pa chopanda kanthu m'mimba, osachepera 9-12 maola pambuyo chakudya lomaliza. Mukhoza kumwa madzi, koma palibe mpweya.
• Nthawi yabwino kusonkhanitsa kwa magazi ndi kukhala 7-10 m'mawa.
• masiku atatu pamaso kusanthula ndi yabwinoko yosungira kadyedwe, muyenera kokha kuchotsa mafuta, zokometsera ndi yokazinga.
• Pa masiku atatu, kuti achotse zinthu zamasewera, makamaka ngati iwo ali oyanjana ndi kuchulukana kwa thupi.
• Ngati muli ndi kuyesedwa kwa yotsalira asafe magazi, sayansi amafuna kuchotsa mankhwala. Pa nthawi imeneyi, dokotala kupezeka chofunika kuti mukambirane.
• Pa zotsatira zingakhudze maganizo, nkhawa, kotero osachepera theka la ola pamaso zitsanzo ayenera kukhala abata.
Ngati pokonzekera sayansi zapita molondola, ndi zotsatira adzakhala yolondola. Decoding ayenera kulimbana ndi madokotala. Indicators zambiri kwanthawi wachibale muyezo, kotero iwo akhoza mosadalira kutanthauziridwa molakwika.

Normal yotsalira asafe m'magazi

kuwerenga Normal yotsalira magazi asafe pati kanjedza kuchokera 14,3 kuti 26,8 mmol / l. Tikumbukenso kuti kuwuka kwa chizindikiro ngakhale kuti 30-36 mmol / l si chithandizo msanga monga chiwonetsero cha kudwala. Yotsalira asafe ndi zochepa kuposa mlingo kukwera mu ntchito ya asafe munali chakudya, chakudya ozizira pa kudya, ndi kuchepekedwa zinthu zapadera. N'kuyamba kumachitika asanabadwe, pambuyo maphunziro amveke masewera ndi zifukwa zina. N'chifukwa chake kwa yobereka zitsanzo kwa zimapangidwira magazi ayenera mosamalitsa. Ngati kuwunika kwambiri overstate kapena understate mlingo ndipo motero anali kukonzekera bwino pamaso zitsanzo zosankhidwazi magazi, izi zingasonyeze angapo matenda m'thupi.

Mu asafe ndi yotsalira kachigawo zikuphatikizapo:

• urea asafe (a 46-60%);
• creatine (2.5-2.7%);
• kwa amino asafe (25%);
• asidi uric (4%);
• creatinine (2,6-7,5%);
• mankhwala ena a kagayidwe mapuloteni.

Yotsalira asafe - pali kusiyana pakati pa asafe yotsalira ndi urea asafe. Apa, mfulu kachigawo ndi ufulu kwa amino zidulo.

pathologies

Kuti asafe yotsalira pathologies monga:

• hyperasotemia - pamene mlingo wa yotsalira asafe mu magazi ndi okwera kwambiri;
• gipoazotemiya - yotsalira asafe mu otsika magazi.

Gipoazotemiya kaŵirikaŵiri anati mu mphamvu otsika kapena nthawi zina, pa mimba.

Hyperasotemia magawo kupanga ndi posungira.

Pamene kuyan'anila posungira hyperasotemia zimachitika aimpso excretory ntchito, mu nkhani iyi matenda kulephera aimpso. The zifukwa za posungira hyperasotemia ndi matenda otsatirawa:

• glomerulonephritis;
• pyelonephritis;
• hydronephrosis kapena chifuwa chachikulu aimpso;
• polycystic;
• nephropathy pa mimba;
• matenda oopsa mu chitukuko cha matenda a impso;
• kupezeka kwa zopinga kwachilengedwenso kapena makina kwa outflow ya mkodzo (miyala, mchenga, zophuka zilonda kapena chosaopsa mu impso thirakiti mkodzo).

The hyperasotemia yopanga

Chinawonjezeka yotsalira magazi asafe kungasonyeze kupanga hyperasotemia pamene limodzi ndi pathological chikhalidwe syndrome amkati kuledzera. Iwo anaonanso ndi kuvutika maganizo kwakukulu mu nthawi postoperative. Zolemba produktsionnaja hyperasotemia matenda opatsirana zimene zimachitika ndi malungo, pamene pali azingokhala pang'onopang'ono kwa minofu, zimenezi zimaphatikizapo matenda: diphtheria, Nthenda yofanana ndi tayifodi, fever, lobar chibayo. The hyperasotemia kupanga yodziwika ndi kuwonjezeka yotsalira asafe chizindikiro kuyambira tsiku loyamba la matenda ndi mpaka kutentha posachedwapa mawonetseredwe m'mwamba.

wachibale kumachitika pamene ndikutuluka thukuta, magazi kuundana, ndi kutsekula m'mimba profuse, pamene wosweka mu thupi bwino madzi.

obwerawa hyperasotemia

Pali nthawi pamene kuchuluka yotsalira asafe ndi kusakaniza hyperasotemia zotsimikizika. Nthawi zambiri kumachitika pamene poizoni poizoni: dichloroethane, salt Mercury, ena woopsawo mankhwala. Chifukwa mwina zoipa kugwirizana ndi psinjika yaitali zimakhala. Zikatero, ndi immobilization angayambe minofu aimpso, mmene posungira hyperasotemia akuyamba ndi productional. Pa apamwamba siteji hyperasotemia yotsalira asafe zina kuposa mlingo wa nthawi makumi awiri. Mwalamulo zizindikiro chotero mu zikafika poipa, kuphatikizidwa aimpso.

yotsalira zizindikiro asafe ndi mpweya osati ndi matenda a impso. matenda Addison a (kulemala adrenal ntchito) ngati wosathandiza ndi kuposa. Izi zimachitika ndi pamene mtima kulephera, yoyaka digiri yapamwamba yokoka, ndi madzi m'thupi, pansi pa matenda akulu bakiteriya, nkhawa kwambiri ndi magazi muzituluka.

machiritso

Kuthetsa zizindikiro kukambapo yotsalira asafe mwina nthawi kupeza operewera. Mankhwala zina dokotala Uike angapo maphunziro, zotsatira za zimenezi anamaliza kukhazikitsa matenda lolondola ndi mankhwala mankhwala bwino kapena mankhwala ena. Mu nthawi kudziwa matenda ndi kuchiza izo, muyenera yake mayesowo ndi mayeso onse. Ngati apeza kuti kudwala aliyense, chithandizo zolondola bbwino mavuto, kupita aggravation matenda ndi mawonekedwe aakulu.