Zamaganizo Gender komanso sayansi ya kugonana. ndi kusiyana kwambiri za chiyani?

zamaganizo Gender - ndi malangizo atsopano mwamtheradi mu dongosolo la sayansi chikhalidwe ndi zaumunthu, izo basi kuyambira mapazi ake choyamba ndi watero yokha ngati sayansi wodzilamulira mu munda wa kudziwa maganizo. zamaganizo Gender udindo khalidwe la anthu zochokera wachokera awo ndi wamwamuna kapena wamkazi. Limachita kuphunzira zochitika monga samouvazhienie, socialization, tsankho, kusalana, kudzikonda maganizo ndi zikamera wa malamulo zothandiza anthu ndi maudindo. Maziko a zamaganizo jenda zimapanga psychosocial chitukuko cha umunthu komanso sayansi ya kugonana mbali kudziwa kapangidwe ka chiphunzitso.

Chaanthu Gender chinkhoswe chitukuko makamaka kugonana atsikana ndi anyamata, ndi adequacy wa kukhazikitsa maudindo. Zambiri za mapepala kufufuza maganizo jenda ndi sanachite kuphunzira lochitira chikhalidwe jenda, chikhalidwe cha kusiyana kugonana ndi ziyenera zosiyanasiyana maganizo pakati pa amuna ndi akazi.
Poyamba, mfundo "jenda" akutanthauza amatanthauza makhalidwe thupi la munthu (amuna kapena akazi), kugonana kwa munthu ankamuona ngati maziko nalakika kudziwa kusiyana chikhalidwe ndi maganizo pakati pa amuna ndi akazi.

Monga ulamuliro, amuna yodziwika ndi mkulu kutchuka, rationality ndi ufulu, pamene akazi amaonedwa kwambiri chibadwidwe, wachifundo, maganizo ndi sociable. Amenewa zithunzi za amuna ndi akazi ali ofanana kwambiri chikhalidwe chathu. zamaganizo Gender zopezeka pa kufufuza atsopano amanena kuti akazi ndi amuna ali ofanana kwambiri kuposa osiyana. Only kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi lagona pa ntchito yawo ya kubereka ana. Chibwenzi, kusiyana thupi pakati pa amuna ndi akazi ndi osamveka monga muscularity ndi mphamvu tsopano si patsogolo kwa anthu wamwamuna wa dziko. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ochokera kum'mwera chakum'mawa Asia ndi lalifupi kwambiri kuposa akazi European.

Kuwonjezera magulu a thupi pakati pa anthu pali gulu la mitundu ya zinthu, zokhuza chikhalidwe chawo, kusiyana khalidwe ndi makhalidwe. Nthawi zambiri kugonana kwachilengedwenso si ndithu zikugwirizana makhalidwe maganizo, ndipo nthawizina kuti ndi wosiyana. Motero tingafunse maganizo "zamaganizo jenda" - ndiko kuti, sayansi zomwe adaphunzira ya zimadalira chikhalidwe chathu ndi chikhalidwe, imene amaona kuti ndi mwayi kapena kugonana. Pomaliza, osati kugonana zamoyo munthu alinga ntchito yake ndi khalidwe, ndipo malamulo moyo ndi chikhalidwe zimakhudza makhalidwe maganizo a amuna ndi akazi. Kukhala m'dziko mkazi kapena mwamuna - sizitanthauza ndi zina anatomical Kapangidwe ka thupi, limatanthauza ankatsatira kukwaniritsa akuchipatala maudindo anthu.

Mosiyana ndi kuwerenga maganizo a kugonana, jenda zamaganizo Osangopereka kuphunzira makhalidwe maganizo a amuna ndi akazi. Pakati pa chisamaliro chake choyamba, zotsatira za chitukuko munthu, chifukwa cha chodabwitsa stratification kugonana ndi zosiyanasiyana. zamaganizo Gender kwenikweni tikunena udindo masanjidwe, udindo, udindo wa amuna ndi akazi, nthawi yomweyo Chikukambidwa nkhani ya kusasalana ndi lochitira nkhanza akazi. zamaganizo Gender, komanso zilankhulo jenda, mosiyana ndi kuwerenga maganizo kugonana amakhala ndi zapansi osiyana ongolankhula ndi methodological. Mwachitsanzo, maziko ndi umoyo-constructivist mawonedwe, pamene ankaona biodetermenistskaya mawonedwe kugonana zamaganizo maziko zamaganizo jenda.