Zamaganizo Political: chinthu, imeneyo, njira ndi luso

zamaganizo Political ndi sayansi interdisciplinary, limene lili pa mphambano za khalidwe la anthu, kuwerenga maganizo ndi sayansi ndale. Iye analandira chitukuko ndi kufalitsa anafufuza United States ndi Canada, ndipo Pamlingo wamng'ono - mu Europe. Mu Russia, ntchito zoyamba anaonekera okha nineties oyambirira a atumwi wotsiriza (E. Shestopal, Alexander Yuriev, E. Gantman-Egorova neri Al.).

zamaganizo Political uli ndi anthu angapo kuphunzira:

• zigawo maganizo khalidwe la ndale la munthu. Iwo ndi cholinga cha maphunziro ambiri.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso maganizo kufotokoza zochitika zandale.

Koma si onse. zamaganizo Political - ndi nthambi achinyamata a sayansi, choncho nthawi zonse kusinthidwa ndi latsopano kafukufuku ndi zochitika ongolankhula. Aliyense wasayansi komanso anawonjezera kuti kumasulira kwa masomphenya a phunziro.

zamaganizo Political investigates osiyanasiyana mavuto.

Choyamba, mfundo yachilendo. Tikuyankhula zokhudza nkhondo komanso sayansi mtendere, uchigawenga, ndale kupanga zisankho ndi mikangano yapakati-mitundu, maganizo mangawawo kwa abwenzi mu ndondomeko kukambirana.

Kachiwiri, sayansi chikuchita ndi moyo m'banja. Tikuyankhula zokhudza zolinga mbali ndale nzika mu mabungwe omenyera, kusala ing'onoing'ono, ndi kuwerenga maganizo a mapangidwe Pawokha ndale, ndi zina zotero.

Izi sayansi achinyamata yapadera, mavuto enieni. Ali:

• macropolicy njira misinkhu yosiyanasiyana (national, dera ndi dziko);
• Chosakhalitsa (democratization, kusintha kwa andale, kusintha kwa dzina, mphamvu ya maganizo a anthu);
• njira ikuchitikira misa gulu ndi chikumbumtima ndale ndi khalidwe (posankha zochita, kutchukitsa zoikamo gulu ndale, motsata ndale, utsogoleri nkhondo, mgwirizano, maganizo misa ndale, etc.);
• Khalidwe ndale ndi socialization wa nzika iliyonse;
• amaonera anthu omwe adzaponye chisanko ndi atsogoleri osankhidwa, chinenero, maganizo, mfundo ndi luso lawo posankha zochita.

Njira zamaganizo ndale zochokera zomwe kupeza umboni wazotsatira a misinkhu yosiyanasiyana. Koma chamene ndi phunziro la chikumbumtima munthu ndi khalidwe. kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zili kusanthula (zitsanzo zikalata, makanema), zokambirana ndi magulu kwambiri. Komanso, kuwerenga maganizo ndale zida ali projective njira, mayesero, kuwunika Katswiri, ndi zina zotero. Mu ndondomeko ya ntchito uphungu ndi makasitomala ntchito njira ziti psychotherapeutic ndi kukonza.

Payokha, tiyenera kuganizira kutsogolera paradigms ongolankhula:

Waukulu ndi behaviorism ndale. ntchito yake yaikulu - kuphunzira zosiyanasiyana yeniyeni ndi khalidwe ndale. Akaunti sikunatengedwe maganizo a munthu ndi maganizo za kusankha, komanso zinthu pa dziko ndi dziko. gulu lake (R. Nye, D. Easton D. Dennis neri Al.) Kodi zinthu zothandiza kwambiri kuphunzira zosiyanasiyana nawo ndale Inter boma ndi mikangano yapakati-mitundu, socialization ndi zina zotero.

Komanso, kuwerenga maganizo andale zachokera chitukuko lathu ndi a anthu kapena cognitivist (D. Adelson, L. Kohlberg, Ronald Inglehart, Renshon S. neri Al.). Iwo adaona makamaka zimene nzika ndikuganiza za ndale monga atsogoleri anazindikira wa chipanichi ndipo monga mmene atolankhani pa kaonedwe anthu.

zamaganizo Political - ndi achinyamata ndipo mofulumira osauka sayansi.