Zamoyo Autotrophic: mbali structural ndi chamoyo

zamoyo Autotrophic amatha paokha kupanga mphamvu zako zonse moyo. Akamagwira masinthidwe izi? Kodi zinthu zofunika zimenezi? Tiyeni tifufuze.

autotrophs

Kumasulira kwa Greek "galimoto" amatanthauza "kudzikonda" ndi "trofos" - "chakudya". M'mawu ena, zamoyo autotrophic amapeza mphamvu kuchokera mankhwala zako zimene zimachitika mu matupi awo. Mosiyana heterotrophs kuti chakudya chokha wokonzeka zinthu organic.

Ambiri mwa oimira dziko organic a gulu lina. Nyama, bowa, mabakiteriya ambiri heterotrophs. Bzalani zamoyo kubala organic paokha. Mavairasi komanso ndi ufumu osiyana mu chirengedwe. Koma mwa zinthu zonse zamoyo, ali okha kwanilitse kuti zibalane mtundu wawo ndi kudzikonda msonkhano. Komanso kunja gulu lake, mavairasi ndi chabwinobwino kwathunthu ndipo musati zizindikiro za moyo.

zomera

zamoyo Autotrophic makamaka masamba. Izi zimasiyanitsa yaikulu Mbali. zinthu Organic, makamaka shuga monosaccharide, iwo kupanga ndondomeko ya photosynthesis. Kumachitika mu chomera maselo, mu organelles apadera otchedwa chloroplasts. Izi plastids dvumembrannye munali pigment wobiriwira. zinthu Photosynthesis otaya komanso ndi kukhalapo kwa dzuwa, madzi ndi mpweya.

Mfundo yaikulu ya dzuwa

Mpweya woipa amalowa maselo wobiriwira kudzera mapangidwe wapadera - stomata. Iwo zigwirizana kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke awiri amene anatsegula yokwaniritsira ndondomeko imeneyi. Therethrough ndi mpweya kuwombola zimachitika: mpweya akulowa muchipindachi, ndipo mpweya kwaiye photosynthesis, - chilengedwe. Kuwonjezera gasi, chomwe chiri chofunika moyo, zomera kupanga shuga. Iwo ntchito monga chakudya mankhwala kwa ndondomeko za kukula ndi chitukuko.

Imodzi ndi ndondomeko ya photosynthesis, zomera mosalekeza kupuma. Monga awa njira ziŵiri zotsutsana kumachitika nthawi imodzi? Ndi yosavuta. The ndondomeko ya kupuma ndi zochepa kwambiri kuposa dzuwa. Choncho, zomera zimatulutsa mpweya kuposa mpweya. Komabe, nthawi yaitali mu chipinda mdima ndi zambiri za zomera, kupuma amakhala ovuta. chakuti kuchuluka kwa mpweya adzakhala ndichepe ndi carbon dioxide, m'malo mwake, kuonjezera.

Ambiri, photosynthesis zamoyo ndi tanthauzo m'mapulaneti. Chifukwa cha iwo, pali moyo pa dziko lapansi. Ndipo ichi si mozaza. Ndipotu moyo N'zosatheka oxygen.

mabakiteriya

zamoyo Autotrophic ndi mabakiteriya ali. Ndipo izo siziri za buluu wobiriwira algae, maselo munali wobiriwira pigment chlorophyll.

Pali gulu lapadera la zamoyo - chemotroph. Iwo adzaphatikizana mankhwala zovuta organic ndi yosavuta, sipangakhalenso chosakanikirana ndi zomera. Ndi chiwonongeko cha kumangidwa mankhwala ndi allocated wina kuchuluka kwa mphamvu chemotroph ntchito umoyo wawo. Zikuphatikizapo asafe-chikukonzekera, chitsulo ndi mabakiteriya sulfure. Mwachitsanzo, zamoyo izi oxidize amoniya kuti nitrite - salt asidi nitric, pawiri sulfure - kuti mchere wa asidi sulfuric, sulfates.

Koma nthawi zambiri amapezeka pakati mitundu mabakiteriya a zamoyo heterotrophic - saprotrophs. Mphamvu iwo ntchito zotsalira za zamoyo akufa kapena mankhwala awo kagayidwe kachakudya. Izi inali kuwola mabakiteriya ndi nayonso mphamvu.

Chidwi n'chakuti m'chilengedwe palibe zinthu mabakiteriya sanathe linagawanika.

zamoyo Autotrophic si nthawi zonse amatha kupanga mankhwala organic. Nthawi zambiri mu chikhalidwe cha mikhalidwe ya moyo wa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana. Kenako, pasukuluyi zikhala zosatheka. Autotrophs m'kati kusanduka ndinazolowera m'njira zawo. Mwachitsanzo, zokhala ndi selo imodzi nyama euglena zobiriwira nthawi akumane angathe wokonzeka kudya zinthu organic. Ndipo pamene zinthu amoyo dekhetsa, amabwerera ku dzuwa. zamoyo amatchedwa mixotrophy.

zamoyo Autotrophic mbali yofunika kwambiri mu chikhalidwe, kupereka zinthu kwa kukhalako kwa ena onse maufumu a chilengedwe.