Zida za Kipp: chipangizo chophweka cha aquarium

Chipangizo cha Kipp ndi chipangizo chomwe chimapangitsa kupeza mpweya. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'maphunziro osiyanasiyana a labotale, ndipo m'ma laboratories, akatswiri amatsenga amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zipilala ngati magwero a mpweya. Izi ndizosavuta komanso zotetezeka, popeza ngati chogwiritsidwa ntchito mosayenera cha chida cha Kipp, mpweya wa haidrojeni ndi zotentha zimatha kuphulika.

Zimagwira bwanji ntchito?

Zipangizo za Kipp Zimagwira ntchito mwachidule, mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna hydrogen. A kabati ndi zinki granules amaika pansi pa sing'anga-kakulidwe tank. Idzaza ndi hydrochloric kapena sulfuric acid. Ngati tapampu yotsekemera ikutsekedwa, asidi adzakhala pamphuno yam'mwamba ndi tangi ya m'munsi. Pampu ikadzatsegulidwa, asidi amayamba kutuluka mumsana ndikudzaza pansi pa thanki yachiwiri. Chifukwa cha momwe zinakhalira ndi zinki, kusintha kwa hydrogen kukuchitika. Chochitika ichi nthawi zambiri chimagwiridwa mu phunziro la chemistry. Pambuyo pa kuyesa kwatha, valavu imatsekedwa, motero, hydrogen sasiya masamba.

Kodi zimaphatikizapo chiyani?

Ndalama zamakono za Kipp ndi ziwiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsa ndi chubu la pulasitiki lomwe limalowa pammero wa botolo. Imakhala yotsekedwa kumbali zonse ziwiri ndi mapepala apulasitiki, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti zimakhala zolimba. Mbali yam'mwamba ya chubu imakhala yokwanira, yomwe ingathe kuchotsa carbon dioxide. Pansi pa chubu imakhala ndi chivomezi kuchokera ku botolo, ndipo zimakhala zolimba chifukwa chakuti chophimba cha rabara kapena silicone chapadera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pansi pa nkhumbayi muli chodula chachikulu, kumene choko kapena chimbudzi chimanyamula. Kuti asidi ndi zinthu izi zithe kugwirana bwino bwino, chubu imayendetsedwa ndi mwayi wotseguka mwachangu zinthu. Chida china, chodutsa m'magulu awiriwa, amafunika kuti asamapangitse mpweya wa asidi.

Kodi mungatani kuti mupeze carbon dioxide?

Kawirikawiri, makina a Kipp amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupereka CO2 _. Komanso kupeza carbon dioxide. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito choko ndi acidic acid. Chalk ayenera kukhala ngati zidutswa, osati fumbi. Mankhwala ayenera kutsanulidwa ndi njira yochepa ya acetic acid, choko imachotsedwa kuchokera pamwamba, kenako phukusi lokha limaphatikizidwa mkati mwa botolo. Kotero CO ₂ imatulutsidwa _. Imayambitsidwa kudzera mu mgwirizanowu, kenako imadutsa njira ya soda ndikudyetsedwa ku aquarium. Pogwiritsa ntchito chubu mukhoza kuika valve yosabwezeretsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zipangizo za Kipp zimagwira ntchito nthawi zonse kuti zisawonongeke, zomwe zimadalira kuzama kwa madzi mu botolo.

Kodi ndingapeze kuti?

Amisiri ambiri amatha kusonkhanitsa izi ndi manja awo, makamaka popeza sizili zovuta kuzichita monga zikuwonekera. Pa nthawi yomweyi, malo ogulitsira amagulitsa Kipp makina apadera a aquarium, omwe mpweya wa dioxyde umapangidwira ndipo kuponderezedwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda. Chinthu chophweka kwambiri cha chipangizocho chimaphatikizapo zikwama ziwiri zomwe zimakhala ndi zipangizo, manometer, singano pneumodrossel ndi tubules ya acrylic.

Mlingo wa mankhwalawa umadalira kuchuluka kwake kwa calcium mu choko kapena miyala yamchere, kuchulukitsidwa kwake ndi pang'onopang'ono. Ndicho chifukwa chake mumayenera kusankha choyamba cha asidi kwa madzi pang'ono: mpweya uyenera kutulutsidwa pang'ono, koma pasakhale phokoso kapena kuphulika. Ngati zotsatirazi zikupitirira pang'onopang'ono ndipo ndalama zofunikira za gasi sizinapangidwe, zimayenera kuyanjanitsa ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mabotolo akuluakulu. Koma mchere wa asidi sayenera kuwonjezeka, chifukwa ukhoza, motero, ukhoza kusokonezeka mwamsanga.

Kawirikawiri, chipangizochi n'chosakwera mtengo, chifukwa ma reagents monga choko ndi acids ndi otchipa. Ndipo chipangizo chomwecho chiri chosavuta. Vuto lokha lingathe kuchitika ndi msonkhano - ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala ndi mosamala kukwaniritsa kudalirika ndi zolimba za kugwirizana.