Zochitika Filimonovsky kupenta. Technology kupenta filimonovo chidole

Filimonovo chidole - mtundu wa luso dziko ndi ntchito zamanja, amene ali wolemera kwambiri mu dziko lathu. Kuli Tula dera, Odoevsky dera. Filimonovo kumudzi kumene mu zaka za m'ma otsiriza, antchito angapo aluso nakhalanso mwambo anali saatha luso, nampatsa dzina lake. Palinso nthano za obisalira Filimoni, amene anali kubisala mu malo awa. Zinali iye amene mwamva anaphunzitsa m'mudzimo kuti sculpt kanjedza ndi dothi.

Zikamera wa nsomba ndi

zidole Clay m'madera amenewa anayamba kuchita mu zaka za m'ma XIX. Koma ulemerero wa luso la woumba m'deralo anayamba kufalitsa kale kuti. M'zaka za m'ma XVI, woyera dongo yotengedwa pano ankagwiritsa ntchito kupanga mbiya. Nsomba mizu, panali mafumu lonse, okhazikika mu mbiya. Pang'onopang'ono anapanga lamulo osalembedwa: mbale anapanga yekha ndi amuna. Ndipo akazi anatenga zidole sculpting ndipo anayambitsa Filimonovsky kupenta.

A mwapadera chidole filimonovo

Zamgululi Odoevsky ambuye otchuka m'dziko kwa wosakhwima, mtundu wachisomo. Koma anthu ochepa chabe amene akudziwa kuti maonekedwe awo si mwangozi. chakuti dongo m'dera ali aliwonse kwambiri ndi zofewa kapangidwe. Pa kuyanika, iwo amayamba osokoneza ndi deform, kotero mbuye n'kofunika kutsegula ndi flatten ziwerengero ndi manja yonyowa. Kuyambira chidole ichi kukhala akanagwiritsa, elongated mawonekedwe, zomwe zimawachititsa zachilendo ndi kuzindikira.

Filimonovo chidole. Images, nkhani ndi kupenta

Conventionally filimonovo chidole akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu anayi thematic. zizindikiro zawo amaoneka mu tebulo pansipa.

Pafupifupi onse filimonovo chidole malikhweru. The kuchotserapo ndi roosters ndi turkeys.

Utoto zidole ndi Filimonovskaya phale

Pa kuwombera, dongo m'dera la "buluu" ndipo amapereka kukongola yosalala mtundu woyera, kotero ziwerengero yaikulu kutsogolo kwa kudziyerekeza si chofunika.

Pakuti kupenta ntchito aniline utoto, amene chowala zimalimbikitsa mitundu. Chiwerengero cha mithunzi towerengeka; wachikasu, wofiira, wobiriwira. Komabe, mankhwala analandira ndi zokongola kwambiri ndi kusangalala.

Technology kupenta filimonovo chidole ndi wosavuta. Utoto chagwiritsidwa zonse ndi konse kusakaniza. Aliyense mtundu watsopano ntchito pokhapokha kuumitsa imodzi yapita.

Pantchito miyambo

Pakuti osiyana mitundu ya zidole ntchito zinthu zosiyana Filimonovsky kupenta. Nyama ndi mbalame za bere zambiri ndi utoto mtundu umodzi, zambiri wobiriwira akawaona. Kenaka ntchito pa mizere chitsanzo yosavuta ongokhala akuda zomangirazo, m'malovu, timitengo. Mutu akhoza yokutidwa ndi mtundu umodzi kapena kukhala woyera. maso zafotokozedwa schematically, ndipo mwina kwina palimodzi.

Ziwerengero za anthu ovala elegantly kwambiri: madona - mu zobiriwira masiketi owala, njonda - mu thalauza zokongola. Malaya aja ndi zina zambiri yofiira, ndi chokongoletsera pa wozungulira wa, chosonyeza makolala zophikapika ndi malamba lonse. nkhope zawo zoyera, maso ake zafotokozedwa ndi utoto milomo buluu - wofiira akawaona.

Ophiphiritsa Filimonovsky Pantchito

The peculiarity Filimonovsky zidole, ngati wina aliyense Russian usodzi ophiphiritsa ake. Zokongoletsa kuyang'ana yosavuta unsophisticated. Komabe, chito kuti ntchito Filimonovsky kupenta, munthu wopatulika Asilavo mafano a dzuwa ndi mtengo.

Anzanu ndi yochokera mitanda madera osiyana, komanso dongosolo mphete ndi Triangles akuda ndizo zizindikiro za dzuwa, moyo ndi ubwino.

Schematically akuonetsedwa nthambi mitengo Khirisimasi kuimira mtengo wa moyo, kupitiriza kwa mibadwo, kukula osatekeseka.

Kwambiri ophiphiritsa kanjedza okha. Choncho, dona kugwirizana ndi BEREGINYA, wosunga nyumba ndi katundu, wokwera limasonyeza wankhondo-kumbuyo kapena kormitelya banja - mlimi, nkhuku - chizindikiro cha chimwemwe, kavalo - chuma ndi zina zotero ..

Mbiri ya chitukuko malonda

XIX m'ma - nthawi ya kutchuka kwambiri zizichita-whistles ndi Filimonovsky kupenta. nsomba The kudadziwika Russia ndi mayiko ena. Koma pachiyambi cha XX atumwi, nthawi ya mavuto. Ufiti anali pafupi pafupi kutha, osunga ochepa amene sanatayiretu ntchito zawo.

Mu zaka za m'ma otsiriza, chidwi paluso Filimonovsky zojambula pang'onopang'ono anayamba kubwerera, m'mene anafika pachimake latsopano mu 80s. Panthawi imeneyi, zinthu zimene ndi okonda ochepa timu kulenga unakhazikitsidwa lopangidwa ndi ana a alonda a ntchito zamanja ndi ophunzirawo luso sukulu ya Abramtsevo.

Kuyambira kumayambiriro 90 ntchentche kumene "filimonovo chidole" chinamasulidwa mu Odoevskogo School of Art. Mawerengeredwe njira, zinsinsi za kupenta, ikuimira Filimonovsky dongosolo - izi ndi nkhani zina anaphimba pa maphunziro ake mwamuna ndi mkazi Kehaidi. Maphunziro kumatenga zaka 4. Omaliza amalandira udindo mbuye.

Mu 2009, kutsegula kwa Museum zizichita filimonovo, zomwe zimasunga zipangizo za craftswomen otsiriza, zitsanzo za ntchito yawo, komanso zitsanzo zabwino koposa za Filimonovsky nsomba.

Kuphunzira nsomba pa maphunziro a luso Zabwino

Tikumbukenso kuti makalasi Filimonovsky zojambula ikuchitikira m'masukulu ambiri Russian. Ndipotu, nsomba si m'dera kokha, komanso kufunika dziko, kusonyeza kuchuluka ndipo zosiyanasiyana za chikhalidwe Russian.

Zochitika penti ana kuphunzira mosavuta ndi chidwi chachikulu. Iwo ulibe moyo, njira yovuta. Chili ndi osachepera luso ndi malingaliro kulenga, mukhoza kulenga modabwitsa omveka ndi kowala zithunzi.

Chinthu chachikulu ndi mphunzitsi ayenera kufotokoza - izi ndi zimene kupenta zachitika mu magawo angapo:

1. Choyamba chithunzi "yellow". utoto umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa woyera maziko wandiweyani burashi. Mbali payekha zidole akhoza kwathunthu chikasu utoto, ndipo akhoza ataphimbidwa ndi mikwingwirima waukulu ndi mabwalo akuluakulu. Maziko kwa zojambula onse wotsatira.
2. Ndiye tiyenera wofiira akawaona utoto ndi n'kakang'ono burashi. Ntchito chitsanzo cha mizere. Lonse mikwingwirima chikasu akhoza kudula padziko kukafika kutsogolo ndi mabwalo azikongoletsa nthambi kapena kunyezimira.
3. Green, buluu kapena miyala ya nofeki mtundu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchiyambi lomaliza. Kuchita izi, ntchito burashi woonda. chizolowezi mizere, madontho, madontho ayenera lembani otsala danga ufulu.
4. M'pofunikanso powasamalira ana amene anthu amakumana ndi woyera, ndi nyama akhoza utoto mtundu uliwonse. Maso ndi pakamwa awa akuimira schematically.

Nsomba zimenezi ndi mbali ya cholowa chikhalidwe cha dziko lathu. Pamodzi ndi Dymkovo, Kargopol, Bogorodsk, filimonovo chidole zimasonyeza mzimu wa anthu Russian, makamaka moyo ndi zikhulupiliro za Asilavo. Osati alendo mwangozi yachilendo mukufuna kugula iwo monga alendo.