Alder: kufotokoza, ntchito mankhwala

Alder alipo nyengo yachisanu ikupita masika. Umayamba pachimake, pamene pali chisanu. Timapepala ta kuonekera kwambiri mtsogolo. mtengo uli banja birch.

Alder: kufotokoza

Malinga amoyo, zikhoza kuoneka ngati deciduous mtengo mpaka mamita 25 kapena chitsamba chilichonse chachikulu ndi thunthu kwa masentimita 50. Alder wa mitundu mofulumira kukula zimene timaziona makamaka zaka 15. moyo. Kenako, ndondomeko kubweza. Frost kugonjetsedwa ndi theka-mthunzi, koma zokwanira kuwala zofuna.

Avereji ya zaka - zaka 40-60, koma zomera amadziwika ndi afika zaka 100..

Alder imvi (kapena loyera, monga momwe adziwikira) ali ndi chitetezo osaya mizu. Chinakula ndi masentimita 20 okha. Pa mizu kukumana nodule pnovaya zophuka kukula.

Alder ali ndi thunthu wochepa ndi yosalala kuwala makungwa imvi. Achinyamata mphukira koyamba ndi kum'chitira Kamaoneka, patapita nthawi bulauni. Makamaka mu diso sanali zomatira wapha fuzz kukomoka amene Mwamsanga pambuyo nthawi zina.

Masamba chowulungika woboola pakati, yotakata ndipo pang'ono ananena pamwamba. Amakula 10 cm, ndi mbali pamwamba wobiriwira kuwala, pansi - ndi opepuka. Masamba nthambi inakonza mu mizere itatu.

Amadziwika mitundu 30 a zomera, koma Russia awiri okha ambiri: alder, wakuda alder. chachiwiri amatchedwanso yomata.

Maluwa ndi kubalana

Catkins kuonekera koyamba mu March kapena April. Chachimuna ndi chachikazi mu maonekedwe osiyana ndi mzake. Mu masamba woyamba ndi yaitali ndi zambiri anasonkhana zidutswa 3-5 pamodzi. Ndolo "mkazi" chowulungika, miyendo yake ndi yaifupi, kutalika 1.5 cm. Iwo anasonkhana zidutswa 8-9. Kubereketsa zomera chikuchitika mothandizidwa ndi mphepo.

Ndi kugwa kwa inflorescences wamkazi ali chikuvuta ndi kuyang'ana ngati tokhala yaing'ono.

Pa nthawi yomweyo chaka ndi mbewu okhwima kuti kukhala yotheka kwa zaka 2. Iwo amaoneka ngati mtedza kutalika kwa masentimita 1.5 ndi mapiko membranous.

Alder zimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu, suckers muzu cuttings. Zimakhala mofulumira kupanga ziyangoyango zakutchire.

inafikira

mtengo umakhala Russia, makamaka kumpoto ndi wamba komanso mu Siberia, mpaka Kamchatka. Umapezeka North America, Asia Minor, ku Caucasus, Serbia, Italy, France, komanso ambiri a ku Ulaya.

Alder wakonda kukula mu zone ya nkhalango, koma anapezeka ku nkhalango-steppe ndi Titafika pamalo. Mu North America, amaika mtengo n'loopsa zomera mbadwa.

Zikomo mbewu kumera bwino mofulumira ndipamene m'nkhalango. Mosiyana ndi wakuda alder, mosavuta Amasintha kwa madambo. Chifukwa chuma ichi, mmera zambiri ntchito kulimbikitsa mabanki a mitsinje, zigwa, zigwembe, komanso chilengedwe cha mitunda agroforestry.

Chimakula mu Mbali yokhala ngati dothi yonyowa, imatithandiza yokha ndi asafe. Chilala amabweretsa zoipa. linalipo ku chigwa akusonyeza pamaso pa madzi mobisa.

Alder: zothandiza katundu ndi ntchito

mtengo ali ndi nkhuni zofewa koma wandiweyani ndi pabuka kum'chitira. Alder imvi ntchito mu kupanga kusintha ndi joinery. Ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi kuvunda. Popular makampani mipando, ndipo Kuchokera m'menemo kupanga machesi pepala.

Pamaso pa zonse chinyezi amapeza kumatheka mphamvu, choncho ntchito yomanga nyumba m'madzi, migolo, fufuzani nyumba zitsime ogwiritsa zipilala. Chips ndi phukusi wabwino chipatso.

Nkhuni kuchokera alder imvi wotchuka amasangalala, iwo kuwotcha bwino, koma musati kutentha. Poyamba iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito moto kunja mwaye ku ng'anjo.

Makungwa a mtengo ndi utoto wabwino, kungathandize wofiira, wakuda ndi wachikasu mithunzi ya nsalu, zikopa ndi ubweya.

Wamaluwa ntchito timphukira wa alder mukulimbana ndi tizirombo monga mbewa ndi crickets Mole. Mwachidule kuziika mu makama ndi kuzungulira mitengo ya zipatso.

Alder chotchuka kwambiri mwa alimi, mungu aumbike pa mphukira ndi masamba achinyamata pamaso maluwa.

Kugwiritsa monga tchinga kukongoletsa, koma mu nkhani iyi izi zimafunika akumeta ubweya zonse.

Ntchito mankhwala

Zolinga achire, ntchito makungwa, masamba ndi cones. Mankhwala, monga alder, ndi hemostatic, antibacterial, odana ndi yotupa, astringent kwenikweni. Iwo ali otchuka pa matenda a matenda a m'mimba thirakiti. Komanso, izi zidutswa za alder ntchito chimfine ndi misempha, ndi mbali ya mankhwala ndipo ali oyenera yokonza infusions.

Mwatsopano masamba ndi nkhuni wabwino diaphoretic Tingati iwo muli phenol carboxylic asidi, provitamin A, ascorbic asidi, vitamini C.

The zikuchokera cones alder alkaloids monga, alcohols aliphatic, mafuta mafuta, steroids triterpenoids, tannins. Yotsirizira awiri ali mu kutumphuka mbewu a.