Amene Richard Sorge anali? Great kazitape Sorge

Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World - koipa mu mbiri ya anthu. Monga mukudziwa, kupambana kuti ndi akasinja chabe kunali kosatheka - chofunika luso, pothana ndi zambiri khama. Pa nkhani imeneyi, aliyense dziko amaphunzitsa ndi imaphunzitsa linzake. Soviet Union wabweretsa mmodzi wa atumwi bwino linzake. Iwo anali Richard Sorge. Iye analidi munthu wamkulu ndi Scout. Richard wagwira ntchito ku Japan pansi pa amati pafupifupi 7 zaka, ndipo singatheke kwa wina aliyense. Intelligence ntchito mu Japan ndi mwachilungamo zovuta, chifukwa mphamvu kwambiri kwambiri kuunikira kuti anali zinawukhira. Komabe, nthawi imeneyi aliyense ndipo sanathe kumvetsetsa amene anali Richard Sorge.

Childhood ndi banja Scout

Ndi mphamvu ya zochitika mu 1944, Richard Sorge anatha declassify ntchito chinsinsi ku Japan. Pa nthawi imeneyo, akuluakulu ngakhale dziko anasonyeza ulemu chobisika kwa iye chifukwa chakuti zaka sangakhoze kupeza ndani Richard Sorge.

Wambiri Scout akuyamba October 4, chaka cha 1898 mu Baku m'chigawo Russian Ufumu (tsopano Baku - Azerbaijan). Bambo Richard anali German Gustav Wilhelm, ndi mayi wake ndi Russian mkazi Kobeleva Nina Stepanovna. banja Scout anali ana ambiri, koma mlongo ndi m'bale sadziwa chilichonse. Native agogo Richard anali mtsogoleri wa bungwe la International Choyamba ndi mlembi wa Karla Marksa. Pamene Richard ndi zaka 10, banja lake anasamukira ku Germany.

Nkhondo yoyamba, ovulala ndi wodziwa Karlom Marksom

Choona chidwi n'chakuti pa nthawi imene anali mu Germany, Richard anadzipereka kuti ndikhale wa asilikali German m'zaka First World nkhondo. The ndewu choyamba iye anakhala asilikali zida zankhondo. Patapita nthawi (mu 1915) Iye anavulazidwa nkhondo ina Ypres. Richard anatumizidwa ku chipatala, kumene mayeso ndipo analandira udindo wotsatira - logwirika. Zitachitika zinthu zimenezi, Sorge anatumiza kutsogolo wina - kum'mawa, wotchedwa Galicia. Pali kukazonda nawo nkhondo kumenyana ndi asilikali Russian. Patapita nthawi, mavuto anamuvulaza shrapnel kuchokera chipolopolo zida zankhondo ndi masiku angapo anakhala pansi. Pambuyo kupita kuchipatala, ndi Scout zowawa ntchito kwambiri, zomwe zinachititsa kuti mwendo umodzi anali wamfupi kusiyana ndi ena. Chifukwa cha ichi, Richard anali malo a chilema.

Pakati pa nkhondoyo katundu Richard Sorge bwino ntchito Karla Marksa. Zinali ndiye kuti anakhala odzipereka chikominisi. Chifukwa ntchito chipani yogwira mu 1924 Sorge anasamukira ku USSR, komwe adalandira nzika Soviet. Chifukwa cha zochitika wosadziwika, Richard anatengedwa ndi ntchito Soviet nzeru. Richard Sorge - mlingo wokweretsa wa nzeru, ndipo anamvetsa ambiri anzake. Chifukwa cha ntchito ya utolankhani ndi dzina German iye akanakhoza pafupifupi bwinobwino ntchito m'mayiko ambiri padziko lonse.

Alias ndi kumangidwa woyamba Sorge

Ndipo komabe, amene anali Richard Sorge m'mayiko amene ntchito?

Nthawi zambiri, iye anagwira pansi pa pseudonym Ramsay malamulo ndi otchedwa mtolankhani kapena wasayansi. Izi anam'patsa kufunsa mafunso oterewa kuti anthu wamba sakanakhoza ngakhale kuti mokweza. Chinthu choyamba Sorge anatumizidwa ku England msonkhano ndi mutu wa chinsinsi utumiki MI6. Abwana anayenera kudziŵitsa Sorge wachinsinsi zambiri, zomwe samadziwidwa mpaka lero. Komabe, msonkhanowo Richard ndi woyang'anira za utumiki British nzeru sizinachitike. Sorge anali ndi apolisi. Mwamwayi, ngakhale chifukwa chake ndi sakadabadwa declassified.

Management Red Army Intelligence

Mu 1929, Sorge kunditumiza ku ntchito Red Army Intelligence Management. Mu chaka chomwecho, analandira yofunika wapadera ntchito. Pambuyo Richard anatumizidwa ku China, ku Shanghai, kumene ntchito yake inali kukhala ntchito nzeru zawo ndi kufufuza akazitape zokhudza mapulani a dziko. Mu Shanghai, iye anatha ndi ubale wabwino ndi mtolankhani komanso ganyu kazitape - Agnes Smedley. Sorge komanso anakumana ndi chikominisi anabadwa Hotsumi Ozaki. M'tsogolo, anthu amenewa anakhala akazitape waukulu wa Soviet Union wofunika kwambiri ndiponso.

Malangizo Scout ku Japan

Kenako Sorge bwino amaika moyo wake mabwalo Nazi. Chifukwa cha ichi, lamulo Soviet anapanga kovuta kusankha - kutumiza Richard ku Japan. Ntchito anali kumva chifukwa chakuti palibe wa wothandizila anapeza kuti apeze kufalikira ndi kugwira ntchito bwino. Ambiri samadziwa amene anali Richard Sorge ku Japan. Komabe, magwero boma amanena kuti Scout anabwera ngati mtolankhani wa odalirika kope German. Chifukwa chaichi, pamaso pa ulendo, Sorge anatenga Tinapita ku United States. Kwa nthawi yochepa muli malangizo abwino ku ofesi ya kazembe Japanese mu United States. Zikuoneka kuti chifukwa ichi ntchito yake inali bwino ndi Japan.

Pali Sorge anacititsa kuthandiza wa German kazembe Eugen Otto, amene panthawiyo anali ambiri.

Salabadira za tsogolo la Soviet kazitape boma

Komabe, Sorge anali mopanda manyazi anamuthawa boma la Soviet ku Japan kudzisamalira okha. Mu Soviet Union panali kukayikirana kuti mudziwe Sorge yabodza ndipo tsopano iye ntchito ndi iwo. makalata onse Sorge kufunsa kubwerera ku Soviet Union sanayambe General Wogwila. Pa nthawi imeneyo, iwo sanali chidwi, amene anali Richard Sorge - alipidwa wamba msilikali kapena kazitape wa kalasi mkulu. Iye anangowuzidwa otayika.

October 18, 1941 Richard Sorge anali declassified ndipo ndi apolisi Japanese. Kwa zaka zitatu anali pansi kufufuza. Mu 1944, kukazonda anawomberedwa pamodzi ndi atumiki ake.

zaka zambiri, osati mtolankhani limodzi ndi wasayansi akudzifunsa, amene anali Richard Sorge. Yankho la funso limeneli kokha kuperekedwa ndi anthu amene ankadziwa moyo wake ndi ntchito.