Chibuda: maholide, chikhalidwe ndi miyambo

History of Chibuda ali kutalika yayitali komanso otsatira ambiri lero. Chiyambi cha chipembedzochi ali nthano zake zachikondi, tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino. Komanso mu Buddhism, okwanira zochitika yaikulu ndi yaing'ono, zomwe n'zosiyana kwambiri ndi tanthauzo miyambo.

Chibuda - mmodzi wa Zipembedzo

Chibuda ndi chimodzi mwa zipembedzo woyamba mbiri (awiri zambiri - ndi kristu ndi m'Chisilamunso). Komabe, ngati Tikayerekeza ndi awiri enawo, likukhalira kuti Chibuda ndi yoyenera kwambiri tanthauzo la machitidwe ndi akatswiri achipembedzo, nkhani za Mulungu apa samabwera m'lingaliro mwachizolowezi. Ake osati kumeneko.

Akatswiri ena timakonda kukhulupirira kuti Chibuda ali pafupi kwambiri kwa dziko la sayansi, monga ali ndi ludzu la chidziwitso cha dziko la malamulo (zachilengedwe, kwa moyo wa munthu, chilengedwe). Komanso, monga Abuda amakhulupirira, akukhulupirira kuti moyo wa munthu pambuyo pa imfa ya thupi amatenga mawonekedwe osiyana, koma silifotokoza anaiwalika. Ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi chilamulo cha kusamala kanthu mu dziko kapena kusuntha kwa osiyana chikhalidwe cha loitanirana.

Ngakhale ndi nthawi yakale kwambiri chiphunzitso chimenechi chifukwa cha m'lifupi maganizo anasonkhana ya anzeru zoona, asayansi osiyana madokotala kwambiri. Ndi izi ndi anatchuka chifukwa amonke ya Abuda, komanso mabuku ake pa nkhani za sayansi.

Mwa njira, monga Chibuda kuthera awo maholide kupeza zinthu zatsopano kudzera lithandize (ngati aliyense). Ena a iwo anafotokoza kudzera ulaliki kuti Chimonko kusewera (mwachitsanzo, chinsinsi Tsam).

Childhood ndi unyamata wa Gautama Buddha

Kubadwa ndi kubadwa kwa woyambitsa wa chipembedzo dziko la m'tsogolo waphimbika mu nthano zongoganiza. Mu chiyambi chake ndi Buddha anali kalonga Indian dzina lake Siddhartha Gautama. amayi ake a zamatsenga ndi chidwi. Mayi wa ŵakusanga tsogolo kamodzi anali ndi maloto amene kudzanja lake anakhala ndi njovu woyera. Patapita kanthawi, iye anapeza kuti iye anali ndi mimba, ndipo patatha miyezi nayini anabereka mwana wamwamuna. mnyamatayo wotchedwa Siddhartha, kutanthauza "chifuno chake". mayi a mwanayo sanakhale ndi moyo pobereka, ndipo anafa patatha masiku awiri. Anatsimikiza mmene anakumana ndi Siddhartha wolamulira, atate wake. Iye ankakonda kwambiri mkazi wake, ndipo pamene iye anafa, lonse unspent chikondi anasamutsa mwana wake.

Mwa njira, tsiku lobadwa Buddha a - ichi ndithu tsiku maganizo, amene Komabe, chili lero. Popeza Chibuda anatengera kuwerengetsa wa mu kalendala, tsiku la kubadwa kwa tate wa imatengedwa tsiku lachisanu ndi chitatu la m'mwezi wa Vesak. Koma ndi chaka cha kubadwa monga amagonja ndi sanabwere.

Kubadwa kwa mnyamata tchire Asita analosera tsogolo kwambiri, koma lalikulu mwamtheradi ungwazi achipembedzo. Kumene, bambo anga sanafune choncho sanafune kuti mwana wake ntchito chipembedzo. Izi iye kumatanthauza ubwana wake ndipo anayamba Gautama. Ngakhale kuyambira pa kubadwa, iye anali sachedwa maloto ndi maloto, ndinkatha kumva mphindi yochepa la choonadi. Buddha kuyambira ali kuzifuna kuti payekha komanso chozama amalingalira.

Komabe, bambo ake anali kutsutsana nazo izo zonse. Mwana atazungulira mwanaalirenji ndi phindu lonse kukwatira iye msungwana wokongola, komanso kubisalira maso ake zoipa mbali zonse zolakwika wa dziko lino (umphawi, njala, matenda, ndi ena.), Iye akhali na chidikhiro kuti phiri akukuwerengerani nkhawa maganizo aipitikitse. Komabe, sikuti zinachititsa kuti chifukwa kuyembekezera, ndipo patapita kanthawi zinadziwika chobisika.

Malinga ndi nthano, kamodzi mu msewu anaona maliro, wodwalayo ndi wokonda moyo wodzimana. Zonsezi anapanga chidwi pa iye. Iye anazindikira kuti dziko si zimene akudziwa, ndi wodzala ndi mavuto. Usiku womwewo iye anasiya nyumba yake.

Moyo wosasangalala ndiponso kulalikira Buddha

Nthawi yotsatira ya Buddha - ndi kufufuza choonadi. Pa ulendo wake anakumana kwambiri mayesero - kuchokera kuphunzira yosavuta Mfundo nthanthi kuti austerities wokonda moyo wodzimana. Palibe Komabe, sanapereke mayankho. kamodzi kokha, iye anakana ziphunzitso zonse zonyenga, moyo thinned ndi researches yapita, ndiko kudzoza. Panali chinachake anali kuyembekezera zaka zonsezi. Iye anawona osati miyoyo yawo maganizo, komanso miyoyo ya ena, kugwirizana onse pakati pa zakuthupi ndi wauzimu. Tsopano iye anadziwa ...

Kuyambira pamenepo, iye anakhala Buddha, ndi ankawunikiridwa ndi choonadi uzrevshih. chiphunzitso chake Gautama analalikira kwa zaka makumi anai oyendayenda pakati pa amidzi ndi midzi. Imfa anabwera kwa iye pa zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu, pambuyo potsanzikana. Lero ulemu monga mmene kubadwa Buddha ndi nthawi pamene ndinayamba kuzindikira.

Mapangidwe Chibuda chipembedzo

Tikumbukenso kuti iye Chibuda achuluke kwambiri mu India komanso Southeast ndi ku Central Asia, pang'ono atagonjetsa kwa Siberia ndi ku Central Asia. Pa mapangidwe ake panali madera ena a chiphunzitso ichi, ena mwa iwo kumapitiriza mbewu ya choonadi, ena - chachinsinsi.

Imodzi yofunika kwambiri angatchedwe Mahayana mwambo. otsatira ake amakhulupirira kuti m'pofunika kukhala ndi mtima wachifundo kwa zina zamoyo. Malinga ndi iwo, tanthauzo kuwala kwauzimu kukwaniritsa izo, ndiyeno ndi moyo mdziko lino kwa phindu lake.

Komanso mu mwambo uwu, ntchito chinenero Chisansikiriti kuti mabuku achipembedzo.

malangizo lina, limene ndi lalikulu kwambiri ndipo apangidwa kuchokera Mahayana, Vajrayana amatchedwa. Dzina chachiwiri - ndi Chibuda Tantric. Vajrayana Chibuda miyambo ndi makhalidwe lachinsinsi, amene amagwiritsa zizindikiro zamphamvu yosokoneza chikumbumtima cha munthu. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti ntchito zida zonse kumaliza maphunzirowa ndi kulimbikitsa Chibuda lithandize kufika. Mwa njira, lero pali zinthu za azimuth uyu, ndipo miyambo ina mbali zosiyana.

azimuth china chachikulu ndi sizachilendo - ndi Theravada. Lero ndi sukulu yekha kuti unalembedwa ngakhale mwambo woyamba. chiphunzitso zachokera Pali Canon, womwe wapangidwa mu chinenero Pali. Amaona kuti zolembedwa izi (ngakhale mu njira olakwika, monga kwa nthawi yaitali iwo anali opatsirana pakamwa), woona kwambiri mawu a Buddha. Chiphunzitso chimenechi amanenanso kuti lithandize angafikire wotsatira ambiri odzipereka. Choncho, mu mbiri yonse ya Chibuda ali anayesedwa twente eyiti awa otsalira. Izi Achibuddha komanso makamaka akulemekezedwa mwa kudzinenera kuti chipembedzo.

Komabe, tisaiwale kuti waukulu masiku atchuthi lifanane pafupifupi miyambo.

Ena miyambo ya chiphunzitso chimenechi (banja, etc.)

Choncho, mwa zina, mu Buddhism pali miyambo zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, maganizo ukwati mu chipembedzo ichi. Palibe m'modzi anadza kwa mphamvu kanthu, komabe palibe paliponse ndipo kusakhulupirika. Mu Abuda amakhulupirira wa banja , pali ena ayamikira mmene mungapangire ake osangalala ndiponso mwaulemu. Woyambitsa wa chiphunzitso andipatsa yekha mfundo ayenera kutsata kukhulupirika, osati kudziyalutsa ndipo alibe tifulumizane kumverera kuti mnzanuyo. Kuwonjezera imeneyi, mulibe moyo wosadziletsa, ndi kukhala zachiwerewere musanakwatirane.

Komabe, pali kanthu kotsutsa izo, ngati munthu samalowa mu banja, chifukwa payekha. Akukhulupirira kuti anthu kumwazikana, ndi mgwirizano mgwirizano, ngati mukukhala pamodzi ndi zosatheka, ngati n'koyenera. Komabe, kukhala chofunika pa nkhani yosowa mwamuna ndi mkazi mosamalitsa kutsatira malamulo ndi mfundo za Buddha. Iye analangiza pyakukhonda amene lalikulu kusiyana mu m'badwo (Mwachitsanzo, bambo wina wachikulire mtsikana).

Mfundo ukwati Chibuda - ndi kuthekera chitukuko limodzi azithandizana zonse. Ndi zotheka kuti ndisamasungulumwe (ngati n'zovuta kukhala nawo), mantha ndi kulandidwa.

Chibuda mchitidwe umenewu ndi agulupa moyo

Otsatira a chiphunzitso zambiri amakhala m'madera Sangha kuti zimakhala zina Buddha Temple. Chimonko - si atsogoleri achipembedzo kumvetsa kwathu wamba. Iwo amangopita uko maphunziro, kuphunzira malemba, kusinkhasinkha. A membala wa gulu amenewa akhoza kukhala pafupifupi anthu (amuna ndi akazi).

M'dera lililonse ali ziphunzitso zake anakhazikitsa malamulo amene ayenera kutsatira mosamalitsa otsatira ansembe. Ena mwa iwo saloledwa kudya nyama, ena amafuna ntchito zaulimi, pamene ena saloledwa kulowerera pa moyo ndiponso ndale (Chimonko moyo pa Akunyoza).

Motero munthu amene wakhala wophunzira wa Buddha, ayenera kutsatira malamulo ndi sasiya iwo.

Makhalidwe maholide Chibuda

Ngati ife kulankhula za zipembedzo monga Chibuda, maholide ndi udindo apa. Iwo unalibe monga amachita nafe. Chibuda, tchuthi - ndi tsiku lapadera, lomwe ndi opanikiza kuposa zilolezo za. Malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zawo, masiku ano pali ponso zikwi nthawi zonse m'maganizo ndi m'thupi zochita ndi mavuto awo (komanso zabwino ndi zoipa). Akukhulupirira kuti litsatidwe tsiku zonse zazikulu walola kuti timvetsetsetse chikhalidwe ndi akamanena za ziphunzitso, tifike ku Mtheradi monga momwe akanathera.

Akamanena za zikondwelelo ndi kulenga chiyero ndi kuzungulira iwo ndi mwa iwo okha. Izi chingapezeke mwa miyambo wapadera wa Chibuda, komanso kubwerezabwereza cha mawu ena opatulika, kusewera zoimbira (kufunika ndi phokoso iwo zingang'ambe), ntchito zina chipembedzo. Zonsezi kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti munthu akuchira dongosolo labwino limene kwambiri kukonza maganizo ake. Holide n'kofunika kuchita kanthu monga kudzacheza kwa kachisi ndi kupereka nsembe kwa Community, mphunzitsi, ndi Buddha.

Izo si manyazi mu Abuda amakhulupirira ndi chikondwerero kunyumba, chifukwa chinthu chofunika kwambiri - ndi maganizo, komanso kudziwa zimene ziri zonse muyenera. Amakhulupirira kuti munthu aliyense, ngakhale pachigulu phwando chomwecho, mwina, titatha kukhala, agwirizane m'munda chikondwerero wamba.

Maholide Chibuda: Visakha Puja

Pali maholide zosiyanasiyana M'buda, mndandanda wa zomwe ndi okwanira. Taganizirani zofunika kwambiri a iwo. Mwachitsanzo, mmodzi wa zikondwerero zimenezi chifukwa Abuda onse ndi Visakha Puja. Iye chizindikiro cha zochitika zitatu zimene zinachitika pa moyo wa tate wa chiphunzitso ichi, - kubadwa, kuunika ndipo likupita (Nirvana). zambiri sukulu otsatira kukhulupirira kuti zinthu izi zonse zinachitika mu tsiku lomwelo.

Chikondwerero chimenechi chikondwerero pa mlingo waukulu. akachisi onse chokongoletsedwa ndi nyali pepala ndi nkhata zamaluwa maluwa. Pa gawo gravelights awo anayikidwa kwambiri mafuta. Mapemphero Chimonko ndipo limafotokoza nkhani za Buddha kuti anthu wamba. Kumatenga sabata tchuthi.

Maholide Chibuda: Asalha

Ngati ife kulankhula za maholide achipembedzo cha Chibuda, ndiye iwo akhoza zimachitika izi. Akukamba za ziphunzitso, ndi Dharma, amene anabadwa kuti anthu ndi kudzera zomwe zinali zotheka kuti afikire choonadi. Chikondwerero cha mwambo umenewu chikuchitika mu July (Asalha), tsiku kwa mwezi wathunthu.

Dziwani kuti lero, mwa zina, Ikufotokozanso m'munsi mwa Sangha. Woyamba mu gulu ili ophunzira amene anatsatira Buddha ndi kunyongedwa malangizo ake. Zikutanthauzanso kuti pali malo atatu mu dziko - Buddha, Dharma, Sangha.

Komanso lero ndi chiyambi cha nthawi ya seclusion kwa Chimonko (VASO). Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti nthawi imeneyi muyenera kupewa chakudya. Monga Sangha mchitidwe zikuphatikizapo nthawi kuti ndi kololedwa kudya okha m'mawa (kuyambira m'mawa mpaka masana).

Maholide Chibuda: Kathina

Lero anamaliza nthawi vaso. Iwo kumakumbukulidwa pa mwezi mu October. Pa tsiku limeneli, anthu wamba anapereka kwa Bhikkhu chovala chapadera. Dzina munthu uyu akutchedwa pa nthawi imene titchuke Kathina. Itatha nthawi iyi, kutsekedwa (vaso) Chimonko kachiwiri kugunda msewu.

Choncho, Chibuda ali zosiyanasiyana ndithu maholide. Izi zikutsiriza nyengo zina za chikondwerero cha masiku akufunika a chipembedzo, koma pali ena ambiri.

chinsinsi Tsam

Izi ndi chidwi kwambiri pachaka chikondwerero, amene kumatenga masiku angapo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi m'malo mwa Nepal, Tibet, Buryatia, Tuva ndi Mongolia. Mwa njira, amene anacita chinsinsi ichi angakhale ndi nthawi chosiyana - m'nyengo yozizira ndi yotentha, komanso ndi mtundu wanyimbo chosiyana.

Kodi kukhala osokoneza ndiponso ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mmodzi wa Buddha kachisi analenga kuvina mwambo, ndi wina akonzedwa kusewera ndi kukambirana, amene kuwerenga zisudzo angapo. Ndipo potsiriza, kachisi wachitatu ambiri akhoza kupulumutsa Mipikisano chigawo yogwira chifaniziro, kumene kunali ambiri ophunzira.

Tanthauzo la chinsinsi ichi ndi osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito izo zikhoza kuopseza adani cha chiphunzitso, komanso kuonetsa chiphunzitso chenicheni cha ziphunzitso zonyenga. Zinali zotheka pofuna kusangalatsa asilikali choipa kwa chaka chamawa. Kapena monga kukonza munthu kwa njira zimene amapanga pambuyo pa imfa ya kubadwanso lotsatira.

Choncho Chibuda maholide si achipembedzo, komanso wapadera ndi chapamwamba.

Maholide ena Chibuda

Palinso maholide ena M'buda, monga:

• Chaka Chatsopano;
• tsiku, umene uli wodzipereka kwa zodabwitsa khumi la Buddha;
• Kalachakra chikondwerero;
• Maidari-hular;
• Loy Krathong;
• Pa mtsinje, ndi ena ambiri.

Choncho, tikuona kuti pali maholide lalikulu Chibuda ndipo ena omwe chimodzimodzi wapatali ndi zofunika, koma amalembedwa wodzichepetsa.

Pomaliza

Choncho, tikuona kuti chiphunzitso ndi osiyanasiyana ndithu mwa mawu onse nzeru ndiponso tchuthi. A kale Chibuda nthawi yake lasintha zambiri zomwe zasintha ndi chipembedzo lokha. Koma si molakwika zomwenso ake ndi njira munthu amene wadutsa wake woyamba ndipo anapatsa ena kudziwa kuti otsatira awo.

masiku onse ambiri maholide mulimonse kusonyeza akamanena za ziphunzitso. chikondwerero chaka n'chaka amapereka chiyembekezo ndi rethinking zochita zake otsatira ake. Nawo chikondwerero ambiri, ena pang'ono kwa akamanena za Chibuda ndi kukhala phazi limodzi kuyandikira sangadziwe lenilenilo, limene anali kupereka amene anayambitsa.