Chidule cha nkhaniyi: "The Oresteia" ndi Aeschylus. The trilogy wa Aeschylus 'Oresteia ": mwachidule ndi kufotokozera

Aeschylus anabadwa mu Eleusis, pafupi ndi mzinda Greek wa Athens ku 525 BC. e. Iye anali woyamba wa tragedians kwambiri Greek, kuloŵedwa m'malo olemba monga Sophocles ndi Euripides, ndi asayansi ambiri amavomereza mlengi wake sewero zomvetsa chisoni. Mpaka nthawi yathu ino, mwatsoka, ife anapulumuka masewero asanu okha amene analemba Aeschylus - "Prometheus ngika" "Oresteia," "Zisanu Against Thebes" ndi ena. Pamaso pake kusewera monga mtundu wanyimbo ndi anali underdeveloped - ndi wosewera wina ndi makolasi, amene anapereka ndemanga. Mu ntchito zake, Aeschylus anawonjezera "wosewera yachiwiri" (zambiri kuposa wina), kulenga mndandanda wa zinthu zatsopano luso zoterezi.

Anakhala 456 BC. e., akumenya nkhondo ndi Perisiya, komanso akuyesetsa kwambiri cha kuzindikiridwa mu dziko la zisudzo ku Atene. Nkhaniyi tidzakambirana ndi trilogy, lolembedwa ndi Aeschylus - ". Oresteia" Chidule cha mkombero adzakhala anafotokoza padera kwa vuto lililonse.

Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo ndi trilogy?

"Agamemnon" ndi sewero loyamba la trilogy "Oresteia" ndi Aeschylus, ena magawo awiri - ndi "Hoefory" ndi "Eumenides". Izi trilogy - ndi zilipo yekha mu mtundu wathunthu wa Greece. Malinga ndi ofufuza ambiri, kali kakakulu kuposa tsoka ku Atene nthawi olembedwa chifukwa cha mtundu wa ndakatulo ndi zilembo amphamvu.

Aeschylus 'Oresteia ": chidule cha masoka

"Agamemnon" akulongosola Pofuna Clytemnestra ndi wokonda ake pa imodzi ya m'nkhaniyi, tsoka loyamba dzina lake dzina. Tsoka "Hoefory" akupitiriza nkhani pofotokoza kubwerera kwa mwana wa Agamemnon - Orestes, amene anapha mayi ake, motero kubwezera kwa makolo ena. Mu ntchito comaliza, cifukwa ndi mbali ya trilogy wa - "The Eumenides" - Orestes anathamangitsa ndi ERIN chilango matricide, ndipo pamapeto pake anapeza chitetezo Atene kumene wamkazi Athena amamasula iye kuchokera milandu. Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule za "Oresteia" ndi Aeschylus m'nkhani ino.

Kufotokozera mwachidule gawo loyamba la trilogy ndi

Patsogolo pathu - kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za homecoming wa Agamemnon, mfumu ya Argos, kuchokera pa Trojan nkhondo. Kunyumba ya amafuna mkazi wake, Clytemnestra, amene ankafuna kumupha mu malo oyamba, ngati kubwezera nsembe ya mwana wawo, dzina lake Iphigenia, ndipo, kachiwiri, chifukwa chakuti pa pakalibe khumi-yaitali Agamemnon, analowa chigololo ndi Aegisthus, msuweni wa mwamuna wake. Yomalizayi ndiyo yekha otsalira a abale a moyo, mosatsata banja akumeneko ndipo watsimikiza kuti ayambenso mpando wake wachifumu, amene amakhulupirira ayenera moyenerera ake.

Aeschylus 'Oresteia' "Agamemnon" (chidule)

"Agamemnon" kuyambira pamene alonda ntchito yake, pamene pamtenje wa nyumba yachifumu mu Argos, kuyembekezera mbendera, omwe akuphatikizapo kugwa kwa Troy kuti asilikali Greek. Zikuthwanima chabwino, ndipo mosangalala anathamanga kukauza uthenga kwa Mfumukazi Clytemnestra. Pamene masamba, ndi kolasi lopangidwa ndi amuna achikulire a Argos, limafotokoza nkhani ya mmene Trojan kalonga Paris anaba Helen, mkazi wa mfumu Greek Menelaus, zomwe zinachititsa kuti nkhondo m'zaka khumi yaitali pakati Greece ndi Troy. Ndiye nyimboyi amakumbukira mmene mwamuna wake wa Clytemnestra, Agamemnon (m'bale Menelaus '), anabweretsa mwana wake Iphigenia nsembe Artemi pousinthanitsa ndi mphepo yabwino kwa Greek apanyanja.

Mfumukazi zikuoneka, ndi kolasi akufunsa chifukwa chake iye analamula utumiki chiyamiko. Iye anawauza kuti dongosolo chabwino anabweretsa uthenga kuti Troy anagwa usiku wapitawo. Kolasi akutamanda milungu koma ndiye ankadzifunsa ngati uthenga wake ndi wowona; Mtumiki limapezeka ndi kutsimikizira onse, polongosola masautso a ankhondo pa Troy, ndi uyamiko kwa otetezeka kubwerera kunyumba. Clytemnestra akutumiza izo ku Agamemnon kumbuyo msanga, koma asanachoke, ndi kolasi akufunsa za nkhani Menelaus. Herald limanena kuti mkuntho zoopsa analanda zombo Greek panjira nyumba, Menelaus ndi ena ambiri sanapezekebe.

Kwayala amayimba m'khutu zowononga mphamvu ya kukongola Helena. Agamemnon limapezeka pa galeta ndi Cassandra, ndi Trojan wolemekezeka, anapanga kapolo wake ndi mdzakazi. Clytemnestra amauza iye poyera amasonyeza chikondi chake, chimene kwenikweni si, ndipo bungwe phwando owala, kufalitsa pamphasa wofiirira pamaso pake. Agamemnon amachitira ake wosayamikira machitidwe ndipo anati kuyenda pa pamphasa kuti wandisonyeza cha kudzitama kapena kudzikuza kwambiri; iye amalamula, kuwachondelera kuyenda pa pamphasa, ndipo akulowa yachifumu.

Kolasi portends vuto; Clytemnestra akutuluka kuitana Cassandra mkati. Trojan wolemekezeka anali chete, ndi mfumukazi zikumuchititsa kakasi. Cassandra ndiye ikuyamba kulankhula simukulankhulanso incoherent ulosi wa themberero pa nyumba ya Agamemnon. Iye akuuza makolasi, kuti adzaona mfumu yawo akufa, ndipo iye afa, kenako limaneneratu kuti wobwezera kwa iwo. Pambuyo maulosiwa molimba mneneri zikuwoneka kuyanjananso ndi tsoka yake ndipo akupita ku nyumba. Mantha ndi kukula nyimboyi pamene iye amva Agamemnon akufuula ululu. Pamene anali kukambirana chochita, makomo otseguka ndipo Clytemnestra m'mitambo ataliatali pa matupi a mwamuna wake ndipo Cassandra. Iye anati iye anamupha kubwezera mwana wake, akulengeza kucheza ake ndi Aegisthus, wokonda ake. Khor ananena kuti Orestes akubwerera ku ukapolo kubwezera bambo ake.

Kufotokozera mwachidule tsokalo "Hoefory"

"Hoefory" - ndi mankhwala chachiwiri, chomwe ndi mbali ya trilogy "Oresteia" ndi Aeschylus. Limachita mbali yaikulu ku reunification wa ana a Agamemnon, ndicho Orestes ndi Electra, ndi kubwezera awo. Orestes akutenga moyo wa Clytemnestra ndibwezera basi imfa ya Agamemnon, atate wake.

Gawo lachiwiri la trilogy ndi

Chidule cha "Oresteia" ndi Aeschylus kupitiriza yofotokoza zochitika za tsoka chachiwiri - "Hoefory" imene mbuto ikulu zapatsidwa kwa mfundo monga chilango ndi kupha. Orestes atadza pa manda a makolo ake, limodzi ndi msuweni Pylades, mwana wa mfumu ya Phocis; kumene masamba m'magawo angapo a tsitsi. Orestes ndi Pylades kubisala Electra, mlongo Orestes, anadza kumanda, limodzi ndi kwayala wamkazi, kuti adzachita ntchito nsembe (nsembe chigawo ndondomeko) kumanda; Clytemnestra iwo anatumizidwa kuti, m'mawu ake, "kusonyeza mavuto." Pamene mwambo mwambo umatha, Electra kuona mwawo tsitsi pa manda, iye amafanana tsitsi lake lomwe. Pa nthawi imeneyi, Orestes ndi Pylades kubwera anabisala, ndi Orestes pang'onopang'ono anditsutsa ake kuti iye ndi mchimwene wake.

Ndi nthawi ya chovuta kwambiri kwa zilipo mavuto Greek, pamene kwayala, Orestes ndi Electra akuyesetsa zimabweretsa mzimu wa womwalirayo Agamemnon, kotero kuti ankawathandiza kuti abwezere. Orest ndinadabwa chifukwa Clytemnestra anatumiza tikudzipereka ndintchito ya nsembe kuti zachititsa kuti zochita zoterozo. Khor limanena kuti Clytemnestra anali ku tulo ta zoopsa: analota kuti iye anabereka njoka, amene omwenso adamlera ku bere lake ndi kudyetsedwa m'njira mkaka lake, koma ndi magazi ake. Nkhawa za chizindikiro zotheka mkwiyo wa Mulungu, mkazi amatumiza Electra pa manda mwamuna wake mochedwa kuti achite mwambo kudzilimbitsa. Orestes amakhulupirira kuti ndichomwe chili mu mawonekedwe a njoka mu maloto a mayi wake ndi mchemwali wake amanga pa dongosolo kubwezera kwa mayi ake, pathupi kupha Aegisthus ndi Clytemnestra yekha.

Orestes ndi Pylades kunamizira alendo ndipo tikauze mfumukazi kuti Orestes ndi akufa. Ankasangalala ndi uthenga umenewu, Clytemnestra akutumiza mtumiki wa Aegisthus amabwera. Kenako Clytemnestra amaona Orestes waimirira pa thupi la Aegisthus. Orestes n'kukaziika vuto: kuti kubwezera bambo muzipha amene anabereka naye. Mkazi bares mawere, kum'chonderera chifundo ndipo anati: "Manyazi pa inu, mwana." Orestes akutembenukira kwa bwenzi lake lapamtima Pylades, mwana wa mfumu ya Phocis, ndipo anafunsa, "Kodi ine manyazi kuphedwa kwa mayi wake"

nkhani mwambi

Mphindi kuti amafuna maganizo, kwambiri trilogy ndi, lolembedwa ndi Aeschylus - ". Oresteia" Analysis katswiri wina angakhale mwapadera ku malingaliro ena. omasulira ambiri amakhulupirira kuti funso la Orestes zogwirizana ndi mutu timapangira: anthu nthawizina nawo mavuto, imene palibe njira, monga udindo wosamalira banja Orestes ndi ulemu kwa kholo limodzi ukasintha zotsutsana ndi udindo wosamalira banja kwa ena. Palinso maganizo. Zingaoneke kuti si kwambiri kuposa basi funso losafuna, chifukwa Orestes Pylades malangizo amalandira kulondola kwa zomwe iye amachita. Akatswiri ambiri aphunzira trilogy, monga G.Ch. Huseynov. "Oresteia" ndi Aeschylus ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu maphunziro.

Pylades Orestes anapempha tisaiwale ntchito zawo kwa Apollo. Orestes pambuyo kupha achibisa thupi pansi zovala ankavala ndi bambo ake. Mwamsanga pamene iye wasiya nyumba, ERIN kuyamba kunyoza iye. Orestes athaŵila mantha koopsa. Kolasi limaneneratu kuti adzizungulira chiwawa sasiya kupha Sitefano Clytemnestra.

Mwachidule za tsoka la "Eumenides"

The mbali yomaliza ya trilogy "Oresteia" ndi Aeschylus - ndi ngozi imene Orestes, Apollo ndi Furies kubwera ku Areopagi. Athena akubwera ndi oweruza; iwo kusankha Orestes ndi mlandu wa kupha Sitefano mayi ake.

Chidule wachitatu gawo trilogy

Oreste amadwala Erinyes chizunzo (furycraft) zomwe milungu nawo chilango wochita zoipa. Ndiyamika incitement, iye anachita kuphedwa kwa mayi ake. Pa Apollo pa Delphi Orestes wapeza mtendere wa mumtima, ndi Mulungu, amene si wokhoza kumupulumutsa ku mkwiyo wa sakutonthozeka ERIN amamutumiza iye pa njira yake, ndipo iye ntchito mfiti, kuyesera kuti tichedwetse Erinyes.

Clytemnestra zikuoneka ngati mzimu, koma momwe ndi kumene - sakudziwika ... maonekedwe ake anali ngati loto. Iwo adzaitana pa kugona Furies kupitiriza kusakasaka awo Orestes. Mwamsanga pamene mmodzi wa Erinyes amayamba kudzutsa Mzimu umachoka. Zikamera wa Erinyes kumverera wafala kuwathamangitsa: kuimba mogwirizana, kudzutsa agile ndi chidwi ndi ife tikulinga kupeza fungo labwino la magazi, lomwe iwo kubweretsa pa Orestes. Bakuman ali kuti kuyamba wa sewerolo, lomwe linalembedwa ndi Aeschylus (a trilogy "Oresteia" anali ndiye kupambana), wachititsa mantha kwambiri mwa omvetsera kuti mmodzi wa amayi apakati padera, ndipo anamwalira pomwepo.

The nthaŵi yofunika

Track furies adani ake. Athena ku Atene amathandizira kuweruza Orestes. Apollo wobwezera mtetezi wa Orestes, pamene Furies awonekere mbali ya Clytemnestra akufa. Pa mlandu, Athena Apollo opanikizika amagwirizana ndi mfundo yakuti anthu ndi wofunika kuposa mkazi. Mtengowu ndi umodzi, ndipo likukhalira kuti kulandira ofanana nambala ya mavoti. Ndiye iye mauta Erinyes kuvomereza chigamulochi, ndipo potsirizira pake kugwirizana. Komanso, tsopano kukhala mbali ya nzika za Athens ndipo adzapereka malo abwino a mumzindawo. Athena komanso watero kuti mlandu ayenera mlandu, monga chifundo inayenera pamwamba nkhanza lapansi. Amakhulupirira kuti ndikufuna kubweretsa woyambitsa trilogy lapansi.

m'malo mapeto

"Orestea" Aeschylus mwachidule zomwe waperekedwa pamwamba ndi chitsanzo chimodzi chokha cha anasunga trilogy nthawi. Dionysia chikondwerero 458 BC. e. anapata mphoto yoyamba. Poyamba limodzi ndi satirical sewero "ndi" imene Komabe, sipezeka. N'zodziwikiratu kuti mawu akuti "Oresteia" poyambirira ankatanthauza masewero onse anayi.