Shvarts Evgeniy Lvovich: mwachidule mbiri, zilandiridwenso

Shvarts Evgeniy Lvovich - yotamandika kwambiri Russian Soviet Wolemba wina, wongonena, wolemba ndi novelist, amene analenga 25 masewero. Komabe, si ntchito zake zinatuluka pa moyo wake. Iye amakhala zidutswa ngati kudziwika monga "chinjoka", "chozizwitsa Wamba", "mthunzi", etc.

kupereka moyo wake wonse - choncho ntchito Shvarts Evgeniy Lvovich. Mwachidule yonena kuti ana adzakhala ndi chidwi chakuti, chifukwa zolembedwa wake, mafilimu anali katswiri monga "Cinderella," "Don Quixote", "grader" ndi ena ambiri. Iye mwadzidzidzi anatembenuka tsoka lake akatswiri a loya kwa Wolemba wina ndi wolemba, ndipo sanadandaule sanapangepo, koma pa izo mtsogolo.

Shvarts Evgeniy Lvovich: yonena

Wolemba tsogolo anabadwa mu Kazan mu October 21, 1896 mu banja la Orthodox Myuda Lva Borisovicha Shvartsa ndi Maria Feodorovna Shchelkovo, iwo anali antchito onse zachipatala. Lev maphunziro Kazan University Medical, kumene mkazi wake, Mariey Fedorovnoy amene anapita pamene maphunziro uzamba. Mu 1895 iwo anali okwatira. Mu chaka chomwecho, Lev Borisovich anakhala Mkristu Orthodox mu Kazan Mikayeli Mkulu wa Angelo Church.

Posachedwa anaberekera pang'ono Shvarts Evgeniy Lvovich. Wambiri mfundo zina chakuti banja lake anasamuka ku Kazan kuti Armavir.

Kumangidwa ndi magulu bambo

Ngakhale zinali Lev Shvarts pakati "wosadalirika" ophunzira, koma bwino anamaliza maphunziro anga ku yunivesite ndipo mu chaka cha 1898 anasamukira ku mzinda wa Dmitrov. Ndipo m'chaka chomwecho iye anamangidwa chifukwa kukayikirana mabodza odana ndi boma. Banja lake anawatumiza ku Armavir, ndiye Akhtyrov ndi Maikop. Komabe, sikuti zinachitika zokha zimene zikuchitika akuluakulu udzakhalabe kumangidwa ndi magulu.

Koma mwana zochitika zake zokhudza ndale pristastiya bambo pafupifupi ndekuti. Eugene nayenso anabatizidwa mu Tchalitchi cha Orthodox, ndipo chotero iye ankaona yekha Russian. Chikhristu iye anali akadali a mtundu Russian, ndipo iye sanali osiyana nalo.

ubwana

Ndi mu Maikop anakhala ubwana wake ndi unyamata Shvarts Evgeniy Lvovich. Mwachidule yonena za wolemba kukusonyeza kuti mwina nthawi imeneyi, anakumbukira ndi wachikondi chachikulu ndi chikondi.

Mu 1914 pa yunivesite. Shanyavsky mu Moscow pa mkhalidwe wa Chilamulo. Koma patapita zaka zingapo ndinazindikira kuti sanali pamoyo wake ndipo anaganiza kudzipereka kwa mabuku ndi zisudzo.

Kuukira ndi Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni

Pamene mu 1917, Schwartz analowa usilikali, ndiye panali kusintha, ndipo Eugene anagunda mongodzipereka asilikali. Pa kumenyana Ekaterinodar adalandira contusion amphamvu, ndipo iye anali demobilized. kuvulala sikuti zapita pachabe chifukwa zolembalemba, ndiye moyo wake wonse anali limodzi ndi kugwedeza.

Pambuyo demobilization Shvarts Evgeniy Lvovich (lalifupi yonena zapatsidwa kwa tcheru chanu) si kwa mphindi angaiwale za loto lake. Iye anayamba kuphunzira pa yunivesite ya Rostov. Kugwira Ntchito "Theatre Msonkhano" wakumana ndi Nikolay Oleynikov, amene pambuyo pake anadzakhala mnzake wapamtima ndi Co-wolemba.

ntchito ed

Mu 1921, Shvarts Evgeniy Lvovich ndi zisudzo wake, limene ntchito, anabwera Petrograd pa ulendo. Otsutsa taonera machitidwe ake kwambiri mwathu. Koma izi anaganiza kuti achoke ndipo anakhala ndi wolemba wina wa ana Korneya Ivanovicha Chukovskogo, amene anathandiza mu zinthu zambiri zolembalemba.

Ndiyeno, mu 1923-1924 gg., Shvarts Evgeniy Lvovich ntchito pa Zotengera kwa Mabaibulo kusindikizidwa Donetsk pansi pa pseudonym Atate Yokhetsedwa.

Kamodzi, mu 1924, iye anabwerera ku Leningrad, State Yofalitsa Kunyumba ndi mkonzi, kumene ankathandizila ojambula zithunzi achinyamata kupeza njira zawo za olemba a luso. Schwartz komanso nawo chilengedwe cha ana a azithunzithunzi "hedgehog" ndi magazini "Siskin". Analemba kuti ndakatulo ndi nthano, ine ndinayankhula ndi magulu Oberiu.

ntchito zolembalemba

Ntchito yoyamba amene anabweretsa Evgeniyu Shvartsu kupambana anali kusewera "Underwood", wolembedwa mu 1929. Mu 1934, zowawa zokopa Akimova, analenga woyamba satirical kusewera "The Zopatsa Chidwi cha Hohenstaufen."

Mu 1940 lidalembedwa sewero "mthunzi", chomwe chinali Zotengera ndale, koma sanali kukhala nthawi yaitali pa siteji - mwachidule kuchotsedwa repertoire a. Pa ntchito iyi kuseka anali zosaneneka, koma ndiye m'maganizo mwa omvera anali ndi maganizo owawa.

Pambuyo pake, Evgeniy Shvarts wamanga angapo zimathandizadi pa mitu yofanana ndi ntchito. Pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse anakhala achoke Kirov ndi Stalinabad. Pali analenga mwaluso wake "chinjoka," zomwe zinali mu gulu la zoipa ndi nkhani, komanso ntchito zina zochititsa chidwi, anali kwa zaka zambiri pa siteji.

Patapita zolephera ngati Wolemba wina adaseleula motere naye ndi abwenzi kuti mwina kulemba sewero za Ivan m'khutu, ndipo icho "Amalume Vanya"?

Atamwalira Stalin, zikomo kuyesetsa Olgi Berggolts, amene chikuzika ntchito Schwarz, dziko anaona chopereka chake choyamba cha ntchito.

Shvarts Evgeniy Lvovich: Chidwi Mfundo

Wolemba kuyambira ubwana ankasiyana nzeru ndi kuganiza. zithunzi ambiri Shvartsa Evgeniya Lvovicha tionetseni olimba ndi lalikulu nkhope mawu, koma nthawi ndi wokoma kwambiri ndi wachibwana kumwetulira.

M'modzi wa anzake ake adakumbukira kuti m'masiku amenewo, pamene wolemba ntchito mu magazini "Siskin" ndi "hedgehog", pansi chimodzi wa State Yofalitsa House malo pa Nevsky 28 tsiku kugwedeza ndi kuseka. Iwo Schwartz Oleynikov ndi anzake anachereza ndi nthabwala wake. Iwo anafunika omvera, ndipo anapezadi kuti.

Buku loyamba la ndakatulo ana a wolemba wotchuka linasindikizidwa mu 1925 - "The nkhani ya zeze wokalamba." Ndiye pali mabuku ndi kusewera "Chuma", "The Zopatsa Chidwi cha Hohenstaufen", transcriptions ndipo zimasintha cha ziwembu Perrault ndi Andersen: "Wamaliseche King", "Swineherd" (1934), "Little Red atakwera nyumba" (1937), "The Snow Mfumukazi" (1938), " mthunzi "(1940)," An chozizwitsa Wamba "(1954).

ufulu

Mkubwela kwa ufulu weniweni wa kusewera wake anayamba nthano kunja - mu Germany, Israeli, USA, Poland, Czechoslovakia, etc. wotsogolera wathu Contemporary Mark Zakharov walenga yaulemerero filimu "Wamba Chozizwitsa".

Amaonetsa ndi owerenga simutopa wa akutama ndege molimba mtima lingaliro la wolemba ndi looseness wake, ndipo pamene anali "chinenero Aesop." Schwartz kutamandika ngakhale amasirira ndi Picasso, lomwe ufulu wodzilamulira maganizo ufulu mkati nateronso zonse ndimafuna.

Pambuyo pa imfa ya mbuye wake lakuti "Phone Book" imene iye analemba chokumbukira anthu mu mdandanda wa afabeti. Maulendo awa modabwitsa chidwi, chifukwa iwo ophatikizidwa nyengo 20-50, ndi wake "kuponderezedwa munda" wa moyo.

Iwo Schwartz akutumikira kukhululuka bwino chikhalidwe, iye osapita m'mbali kwambiri ndi afulu mu Maulendo Ake. Ndimaona mtundu wa nkhanza ndi kudziŵa, ndi kulalata ndi kuwanyodola mvula akutiakuti. Mfundo yake yaikulu inali - kuyang'ana mfundo mu nkhope ndi sapewa iwo.

beloveds

Mu unyamata wake anali yaitali nasamalidwa Gayane Haladzhevoy - mkazi m'tsogolo, koma iye sanapereke, chifukwa iye anali amazipanga osauka, ngakhale, ndipo analonjeza ake mapiri a golide monga wongonena woona. mkazi wachiwiri anali Katherine. Aphedwe, ndipo iye anafa kovuta anali kubera tsoka ndipo ngakhale azilandira ntchito wathunthu wa Charles Dickens, koma anafa kale kutulutsidwa kwa buku lomaliza.

Schwartz anafa Feinberg January 15, 1958. Iye anaikidwa pa Theological manda mu Leningrad. About wolemba luso pang'ono mbiri zopelekedwa mafilimu apangidwa.