Chidziwitso dera - ndi chiyani ichi? chitukuko chidziwitso

Zamaganizo kudziwa dera chidziwitso monga chopereka njira maganizo lakonzedwa kuchita ntchito ya chidziwitso zomveka. akuti unayamba mu 60s Mu zaka zapitazo. Ndiye, chotsatirapo cha zikuluzikulu chitukuko cha cybernetics ndi changu ambiri sayansi zinatchuka kufanana kwa anthu ndi zovuta zamera-kompyuta. Zoyesayesa osiyanasiyana bwino zinapangidwa kuti yesezera anthu njira m'maganizo.

Chidziwitso dera - ndi ananyoza mawerengeredwe. ukulu ndi njira yomwe ili sachiza, itanani affective.

Lingaliro ndi zomwenso dera la chidziwitso

Today kuchita maganizo mawu akuti "dera chidziwitso cha umunthu" Akatswiri kudziwa njira zingapo maganizo kuti chichitike malinga ndi zomveka watanthauzo zinayendera, cholinga umene ndi processing zambiri.

Kuti ndi za dera limeneli izo zikhoza kukhala Koma ngati kumene processing deta amakhala ndi logic ndi rationality.

Pachikhalidwe dera limeneli, amagwirizana ndi kukumbukira, tcheru, kuzindikira, chidziwitso, maganizo, mmaudindo, zochita ndi zotsatira (koma pamene izo zifika ku njira chidziwitso, osati zosangalatsa kapena galimoto). Pa zosabvuta zina, akhoza kutsutsa kuti dera la chidziwitso - mndandanda wa luso ndi nzeru ndi luso.

Zambiri za njira zomveka lawo likukula

Chidziwitso dera - ndi mtundu wa lofanana ndi maganizo zomveka, amene kumaonekera monga yovuta, mawunikidwe ziyenera.

Zotsutsana enieni a mtundu zomveka kwa kudziwa amakhala yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale, momveka bwino, omveka kuganiza. akuti aliyense n'zoonekeratu kwambiri pamene tanthauzo imayendetsedwa ndi zithunzi: ngakhale kuti ayisikilimu zokoma ndi mukufunadi kugula, anthu sadya maswiti izi mu msewu m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa mwina kudwala. Apa mfundo imeneyi chifukwa cha ganizo zomveka.

Pamene adamulowetsa ndi kumvetsa zomveka za limagwirira wa amagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro ndi maganizo. Pamene maganizo, thupi ndi experiential njira ya luntha kulumikiza chifundo, chisoni ndi prochuvstvovaniyu.

Choncho, pofuna kupereka chikoka zomveka, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zokopa ndi malongosoledwe (amanena kuti chifukwa ndi mfundo zomveka). njira zilizonse ntchito indoctrination, matenda maganizo, lokhazikika ndipo madyerero ena.

Mogwirizana ndi kudalirana kwa mitundu iŵiri

Podziwa kuti munthu aliyense ali ndi kukhulupirika kwa malo waukulu (maganizo, chidziwitso) ntchito zake zenizeni, complementing mzake.

Tsiku lililonse, anthu ambiri amakonda bwinobwino chisoni ndi makhalidwe phindu, chodalira automatism. Komabe, adamulowetsa maganizo zomveka ndi mfundo zake ndi mfundo ngati n'koyenera.

Asayansi akufufuza chitukuko cha chidziwitso, dera maganizo ndi peculiarities wa chamoyo awo. Monga njira zomveka podziwa, mu gulu lawo ndi malongosoledwe a sayansi wandipitirira patali mokwanira.

njira Affective ndi povuta kuti chitsanzo chifukwa cha unpredictability awo. Zikuphatikizapo maganizo limodzi maganizo matupi moyo, kucheza ndi dziko, ndi iwo eni ndi anthu. Komabe, pali njira maganizo zimenezi, amene amatsatila malamulo achindunji. Ndiyeno kambiranani za kafukufuku wa chigawo chidziwitso maganizo awa.

Anthu chidziwitso dera: kapangidwe ndi tanthauzo

Chifukwa kukhalapo ndi uziyenda bwino wa gawo lino, anthu amatha kuzindikira ndondomeko ndi kukumbukira zambiri. M'mawu ena, chidziwitso dera - ndi njira kuphunzira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso zinazake.

Mbaliyi zigawo izi:

• Memory.
• Kuyerekeza.
• Chenjezo.

Chotsatira ndi nkhani ya luso, mitundu ndi ntchito.

Makhalidwe ndi tanthauzo kukumbukira

Memory ndi luso munthu kusunga ndi kudziunjikira zambiri za dziko. Ngati njira imeneyi analibe anthu nthawi zonse amayenera kutenga zonse zochitika ndi zochitika ngati kuti zikuchitika kwa nthawi yoyamba. Kukumbukira kumachepetsa mowa mphamvu ya ubongo kuwunika ubwenzi kapena zinthu mobwerezabwereza, komanso kusintha kuti ndi nkhawa kochepa.

Choncho, kukumbukira ndi udindo munthu kuti akuzisunga, masitolo ndiyeno, ngati n'koyenera, imabereka yekha payekha zinachitikira ake.

Mitundu yokumbukira

Malinga ziti a ubongo ndi ziwalo za thupi anthu amene amasamalira wa kukumbukira, amadziŵika:

1. Njinga kukumbukira - basi kusuntha. Ndi udindo yopanga maluso kuti ntchito pafupipafupi. Cholinga cha njira imeneyi ndi kusintha Mwachangu ndi kufulumizitsa njira galimoto. Anthu ntchito mota kukumbukira kulamulira galimoto, kalembedwe, kusewera ndi zida zoimbira, ngakhale kuyenda.
2. Maganizo mtundu wa kukumbukira - kukumbukira limati maganizo kuti ayende zinthu zina. limagwirira lakonzedwa kuti azitha zina kuiwalidwa. Yopulumutsa maganizo ndi zochita zingathandize munthu kuyesetsa wina ndi kupewa zinthu zina.
3. Inasinthira kukumbukira pa zomwe deta lili pa zithunzi, Makutu, gustatory, olfactory, ndi zinthu zina. Mtundu wa kukumbukira imatengedwa kuti ndi akatswiri, chifukwa mphamvu ya chitukuko umadalira pa zochita za anthu.
4. Wapakamwa ndi zomveka, chinthu chimene ndi malingaliro. Iwo ikuchitika zikomo mawu.
5. Zaufulu ndi musanaganizire kukumbukira. Kusiyana pakati pa iwo ndi kuti m'kupita kwa kuteteza zambiri anthu angathe kumvetsa chifukwa amafunika zambiri kapena kuloweza iwo mu dongosolo mwachisawawa.
6. Yochepa, mofulumira ndi yaitali kukumbukira. Woyamba zipangitsa kuteteza mfundo chabe nusu ya chachiwiri, wachiwiri amapereka mwayi kwa zotsatira zokhwima mu njira yothetsera mavuto zatsopano ndiponso yamasika kudzikundikira deta m'tsogolo.

Izi mitundu ya zinthu, monga dera makamaka chidziwitso, ntchito mu ubale pafupi wina ndi mnzake.

Maganizo - woona kuti munthu

Chimodzi kusiyana zikuluzikulu zochita za anthu ndi nyama amakhala chinachake chimene anthu kapangidwe (ali) chifukwa cha zochita asanayambe kuchita chilichonse. Ndi chifukwa luso limeneli ngati m'maganizo. Iwo amapereka mwayi kwa anthu kulenga chithunzi cha chinthu kuti kulibe zochitika zenizeni m'njira, ndipo ngakhale koposa choncho, kupezerera iwo.

Development wa dera chidziwitso ambiri ndi kuganiza makamaka, ndikofunika kupanga njira, pakalibe mudziwe wathunthu. Ndi kuthekera kupanga zitsanzo ongolankhula, anthu sangathe yekha mupereke zotsatira zake zomalizira za zochita, komanso "kuona" mankhwala wapakatikati.

Mitundu ya m'maganizo ndi makhalidwe awo

Magawo waukulu kufotokoza m'maganizo amaonedwa yogwira komanso zothandiza.

Nthawi zambiri, zikuoneka ngati mchitidwe yofunika ya ntchito zachilengedwe zimene zimafunika kusintha kwa chowonadi. Izi m'maganizo yogwira.

Mosiyana, ndi akutali chabe mtundu, amene amakhala ndi ntchito zosatheka kapena unfeasible. Kwa malingaliro chabe agwiritsa anthu amene amafuna kuzemba. Iwo akhoza kulenga zithunzi ndipo fotokozani dongosolo la zinthu zimene sizikhoza konse chidzakwaniritsidwa.

m'maganizo mwangozi ndi adamulowetsa pa nthawi ya easing kulamulira maganizo (maloto, kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo).

Tcheru ndi mitundu yake

Zochita za chidziwitso sizikanakhala kwathunthu popanda kufotokoza zochitika monga tcheru. Izo zimathera pafupifupi onse zochita za anthu: lili bwino ndipo imayenera kuzindikira, kukumbukira ndi maganizo.

Cholinga chachikulu ndi chidwi kuti amasankha ndi zimasokoneza zimene nzothandiza lapansi. Komanso cholinga ndi ndende ya ntchito maganizo. M'mawu ena, zimathandiza nkhani kuganizira nkhaniyi.

Pali zingapo mitundu chidwi :

1. Musanaganizire. Ndi zophweka kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe, monga palibe khama la munthu.
2. Umasinthasintha. Pamafunika chiwonetsero cha chifuniro kuganizira chandamale, komanso kusamutsidwa kusokoneza malingaliro ndi zolinga.
3. Posleproizvolnoe. peculiarity ake ndi kuti chifukwa cha chidwi yaufulu, koma amapereka mwadala.

Monga ulamuliro, mtundu posleproizvolnoe amayamba ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi kupitiriza zimene zikuchitika ndipo ati analandira chifukwa.

Monga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu, mitundu tcheru zambiri mwamphamvu cholukanalukana, iwo akhoza kusuntha ndi kuyenda mu mzake.