"Chilango": mbiri ya chilengedwe cha buku la

"Chilango", nkhani ya kulengedwa kwa umene unatha pafupifupi 7 zaka, ndi yotchuka Romanov Fedora Dostoevsky mu Russia ndi mayiko ena. Izi kulengedwa kwa mabuku otchuka a ku Russia nthawi talente yake zamaganizo ndi katswiri pa miyoyo ya anthu. Kodi n'chiyani chinachititsa Dostoevsky ndi maganizo akulemba ntchito za wakuphayo ndi zoŵaŵa za chikumbumtima, chifukwa nkhaniyi si ankaikira mabuku a nthawi imeneyo?

Fyodor Dostoyevsky - katswiri wa buku maganizo

Wolemba anabadwa pa November 11, 1821 mu Moscow. atate wake - Mikhail - anali wa m'banja lachifumu, mlangizi bwalo, ndi mayi wake - Maria Feodorovna - anachokera ku banja ogulitsa.

Mu moyo wa Fedora Mihaylovicha Dostoevskogo anali ndi chirichonse: yotchuka kwambiri ndi umphawi, masiku mdima mu Petro ndi Paulo Linga ndi zaka zambiri ntchito ya kalavulagaga, kusiya njuga, ndipo pamtima wachikhristu. Ngakhale pa moyo wolembayo ntchito zake ntchito achipongwe monga "wanzeru."

Dostoevsky anamwalira ali ndi zaka 59 ndiko kumayambitsa. Iye anasiya mbiri yaikulu - mabuku, ndakatulo, zolemba, makalata, etc. Mu mabuku Russian Fyodor kukachita zamaganizo akulu ndi katswiri pa miyoyo ya anthu. Anthu ena otsutsa zolembalemba (monga limakhulupirira Gorky), makamaka nthawi ya Soviet, Dostoevsky amatchedwa "namatetule zoipa", chifukwa iwo ankakhulupirira kuti wolemba m'mabuku ake ankalimbikitsa "cholakwika" ndale maganizo - ndiwofatsa Pa nthawi ya moyo ngakhale monarchist. Komabe, izi ndi zofunika kukambirana kuti: Kunena za Dostoevsky - osati ndi ndale, koma nthawi zonse kwambiri maganizo, cholinga chawo - kusonyeza mzimu wa munthu ndi moyo monga ali. Ndipo chipatso cha "Chilango" - chitsimikizo cha ichi.

Mbiri ya buku "Chilango"

Fyodor Dostoevsky mu 1850, anatumizidwa kundende ya ku Omsk. "Chilango", mbiri ya chilengedwe cha yomwe inayamba chimodzimodzi kumeneko, anali inafalitsidwa koyamba mu 1866, ndi kale kuti wolemba ankayenera kudutsamo osati masiku zabwino m'moyo wanga.

Mu 1854, mlembi anali mfulu. Dostoevsky mu 1859 mu kalata kwa m'bale wake analemba kuti mfundo inayake ya buku-kuvomereza anabwera kwa iye pamene iye anali akadali 50 atagona Anachotsa zonyansa anaonanso zovuta kwambiri pa moyo wake. Koma kuyamba ntchito imeneyi anali mofulumira ayi, chifukwa samakhala ngakhale kuonetsetsa kuti adzapulumuke.

Ndipo kotero, mu 1865, Dostoevskiy Fedor Mihaylovich, tikufunika ndalama, kulemba pangano ndi wofalitsa, pamene undertakes kupereka mwa November 1866 buku latsopano. Atalandira amalipiritsa, wolembayo kusintha zochita zawo, koma mankhwala roleti ankaimba kuyesa za iye anataya ndalama onse amene anatsala Wiesbaden, eni hotelo kuti am'thamangitsa kunyumba iye, koma anasiya kudyetsa ngakhale mwadzidzidzi kuwala mchipindamo. Ndi zinthu zikatere Dostoevsky anayamba "Chilango."

Mbiri ya buku anali kwakutha: nthawi ikutha - wolemba ntchito mu hotelo, pa boti, pa njira kunyumba kwa St. Petersburg. Iye nditangomaliza buku, kenako ... anapita anatentha pamanja.

Dostoevsky anayamba kugwira ntchito, ndipo pamene woyamba magawo awiri a ntchito zinasindikizidwa mu kusindikiza ndipo kuzidya onse St. Petersburg, iye inapita mayendedwe a kulenga ena atatu, kuphatikizapo epilogue lapansi.

Zamkatimu I - II cha buku la

"Chilango" - mutu wa buku ili kuoneka bwino kale mu ntchito za mmisiri.

The protagonist - Rodion Raskolnikov - anaganiza pa kupha anthu ndi kuba zaka mkazi wopereka ngongole yakatapira *. Pa dzanja limodzi, mnyamata cholakwika zochita zake kotero kuti iye ndi banja lake osoŵa. Rodion akuona udindo tsogolo la okondedwa, koma kuthandiza osachepera chinachake kwa mlongo wake ndi amake, amafunika ndalama zambiri. Komano, kupha Adama ndi ochimwa kuchita.

Rodion pakati bwinobwino wachita upandu. Koma mu gawo lachiwiri la buku, iye anakumana ndi vuto lalikulu kuposa umphawi - zimayamba amazunza chikumbumtima. Iye akutenga mantha, zikuoneka kuti zonse amadziwa zochita zake. Chifukwa, Rodion akuyamba kupweteka zovuta. Pambuyo achire, achinyamata kuganizira mozama za mmene tizipeleke kwa akuluakulu a boma. Koma ankadziwa Sonia Marmeladov ndi kufika mu mzinda wa mayi ndi mlongo nthawi yokakamiza kusiya mfundo.

Zamkatimu III - IV cha buku la

Ngwazi za "Chilango" buku mu 3 ndi 4 a mosalekeza zolinga zawo.

Pa dzanja mlongo wake Rodion - Dunja - amanena mwachindunji mkwatibwi 3: Court Wauphungu Pyotr Luzhin, Svidrigailov mwinimunda ndi bwenzi Rodion - Razumikhin. Rodion Razumihin ndi amalowerera asatsatire anakonza ukwati Dunya ndi Luzhin, koma chomalizachi masamba anakwiya ndi kuganizira za mmene kubwezera.

Rodion Raskolnikov ochuluka womangidwa kwa Sonia Marmeladov - mwana wa bwenzi lake mochedwa. Iwo amalankhula kwa msungwana moyo, nthawi yocheza.

Koma Rodion chagona mtambo wakuda - panali mboni amene umboni pa polisi kuti posachedwapa anabwera Raskolnikov zambiri anaphedwa wopereka ngongole yakatapira *. Mnyamata koma anamasulidwa polisi, koma iye amakhalabe akuganiza kwambiri.

V zinthunzi za buku la. epilogue

The zochitika zofunika kwambiri za buku "Chilango" ndi atsogoleri kugwa pa mbali 5 cha mankhwala ndi epilogue.

Kukwiya Luzhin kuyesera mng Sonya Marmeladov, napatsa ake kwa mbala chotero anagwa kuchokera Raskolnikov. Komabe, cholinga chake analephera, koma zilibe kuimirira ndi Rodion anazindikira Sonia kupha.

The mlandu upandu Raskolnikov amatenga akunja, koma wapolisiyo ndi kutsimikizira kuti ndi Rodion mlandu, kotero kuyendera mnyamata n'kuyesa kachiwiri kuti akhutire kuti mudzipereke.

Panthawi imeneyi Svidrigailov amayesetsa kuti amukopere Dunya mphamvu mantha mtsikana akuwombera iye ndi mfuti a. Pamene mfuti misfires, ndi Dunya zikathandiza mwininyumba kuti sakonda iye, Svidrigailov akumasula mtsikana. Kupereka 15,000 Sonia Marmeladov ndi Raskolnikov 3000 banja, mwininyumba wodzipha yekha.

Rodion anavomereza kuti wakupha ndi wopereka ngongole yakatapira * afika zaka 8 'kuyesetsa mwakhama Siberia. Sonia adamtumiza ukapolo. Moyo wakale kwa wophunzira wakale chatha, koma chifukwa cha chikondi cha mtsikana, akuona ngati gawo latsopano kumayambira moyo wake.

Chifanizo cha Rodion Raskolnikov

Mu buku la "Chilango" Rodion Raskolnikov mapangidwe ndi kuwunika zake kwapatsidwa mwa wolemba osokoneza.

Mnyamata wokongola, nzeru zokwanira, tikhoza kunena wofuna. Koma moyo vuto limene iye anali, kapena m'malo zinthu chikhalidwe salola iye kwambiri kuzindikira maluso awo koma ngakhale kumaliza maphunziro anga ku yunivesite, ntchito yabwino. mlongo wake uli pafupi "kugulitsa" ndi sakondedwa munthu (kukwatira Luzhin kwa chikhalidwe chake). mayi Raskolnikov amakhala mu zisoni ndi bwenzi langa akukakamizidwa uhule. Ndipo Rodion sanaone njira iliyonse kuwathandiza ndi nokha, koma kupeza ndalama zambiri. Koma kuzindikira lingaliro la patsogolo yomweyo n'chotheka kudzera mwa kuba (mu nkhani iyi, zinafuna kupha).

Malinga ndi makhalidwe abwino, Raskolnikov analibe ufulu kutenga moyo wa munthu wina, ndi mikangano ndi mkazi wachikulire, ndipo kotero nthawi pang'ono kuti moyo, kapena kuti alibe ufulu "zhidovat" m'phiri la anthu ena - si chinthu chowiringula osati chifukwa kupha. Koma Raskolnikov Komabe, ndi chikuzunzika pa zochita zake, mpaka posachedwapa kuziganizira yekha wosalakwa: Iye anafotokoza zochita zake ndi kunena kuti iye ankaganiza pa mphindi yokha mmene tingathandizire banja.

Sonia Marmeladov

Mu buku "Chilango" kufotokoza Sony fano ngati zotsutsana ngati Raskolnikov: owerenga yomweyo kuzindikira iwo abale mizimu.

Sonia - wabwino ndi tanthauzo la kudzipereka, izo Tingaone khalidwe lake kwa anthu ena. Iye amatamanda "Uthenga Wabwino," koma pa nthawi yomweyo ndi hule. Mokokomeza hule - kuti akhale paradoxical?

Komabe, asodzi akhala Sonia si chifukwa ali kufuna zimamvekera - ndi njira yokhayo osaphunzira mtsikana wokongola yopezera zofunika pa moyo, osati okha, komanso abale ake: ondipeza ake Katerina Ivanovna ndi abale ndi alongo atatu. Chifukwa, Sonia - yekha amene anapita ku Siberia pambuyo Rodion kumuthandiza mu kamphindi kovuta.

Chotero paradoxical njira - maziko a Kuzindikira Dostoevsky, chifukwa mu dziko lenileni, zinthu sizingakhale yekha wakuda kapena woyera kokha, komanso anthu. Choncho, kuyeretsa moyo wa msungwana pa zochitika zina za moyo akhoza chinkhoswe mu amasankha ntchito zauve ndi mzimu olemekezeka a mnyamata - angayerekeze kupha.

Arkady Svidrigailov

Arkady Svidrigailov - khalidwe lina mu buku (50 wazaka mwinimunda), imene zambiri Zobwerezedwa chabe Raskolnikov. Sichangozi, koma phwando, amene anasankhidwa ndi wolemba. Kwenikweni ake ndi chiyani?

"Chilango" ali ndi zithunzi wapawiri, n'zotheka kuti anthu ambiri ali ndi makhalidwe mofanana zabwino ndi zoipa, akhoza kuyenda pa njira yomweyo mu moyo, koma zotsatira za moyo wawo nthawi zonse kusankha nokha.

Arkady Svidrigailov - wosiyidwa. Ngakhale pamene mkazi moyo iye kuwavutitsa mlongo wa Raskolnikov, amene anali mu utumiki ali. Pamene mkazi wake - Martha P. - anafa, mwininyumba anabwera kufunsa dzanja Avdotia Raskolnikov.

Svidrigailov ali pa mapewa awo machimo ambiri: iye amaganiziridwa kuphana, kugwiririra ndi chitayiko. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti munthu akhale ndi munthu yekhayo amene anali kusamalira banja la malemu Marmeladov ndalama osati ngakhale anawonjezera mwana ana amasiye pambuyo pa imfa ya amawo. Svidrigailov woipitsitsawu njira ya kuyesa Dunya, koma pa nthawi yomweyo zimawawa kwambiri zikuwanyansa mtsikanayo ndipo iye wodzipha yekha kusiya mlongo Raskolnikov chidwi kuchuluka kwa cholowa. Otchuka ndi nkhanza za munthu uyu amaphatikiza dongosolo lawo zosamvetsetseka, monga Raskolnikov.

PP Luzhin mu dongosolo buku chifaniziro

Petr Petrovich Luzhin ( "Chilango") - wina "awiri" Raskolnikov. Raskolnikov ziwawa amadziyerekezera Napoleon, ndi zina Luzhin - ndi Napoleon nthawi yake mu mawonekedwe woyera: oipa, kusamalira okha okha, wofuna kupanga ndalama zochuluka pa mtengo uliwonse. Mwina ndicho chifukwa Raskolnikov amadana mwayi anzake kuti: pambuyo Rodion ndipo iye ankaganiza kuti chifukwa cha kulemera yake, iye ali ndi ufulu kupha munthu amene tsoka iye ankaona ngati zofunika zochepa.

Luzhin ( "Chilango") - m'mbali kwambiri, monga wotchulidwa, caricatures ndi mosatsata zotsutsana chibadidwe ngwazi Dostoevsky a. Tikhoza kuganiza kuti wolemba Peter mwadala anapanga njira kuti, kotero iye anakhala munthu momveka wa bourgeois kulekerera, amene wachita ngati nthabwala nkhanza yekha Raskolnikov.

Kusindikiza buku kunja

"Chilango", nkhani ya chilengedwe amene anatenga zaka zoposa zisanu, wakhala kwambiri kutamandidwa ndi mabuku yachilendo. Mu 1866, machaputala angapo a buku anawamasulira ku French ndi lofalitsidwa mu «Courrier russe».

Mu Germany, ntchito linasindikizidwa pansi udindo «Raskolnikov» ndi 1895 lofalitsidwa makope ake inali nthawi 2 kuposa ntchito ina iliyonse Dostoevsky.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XX. buku "Chilango" latembenuzidwira Polish, Czech, Italy, Chisebiya, Chikatalani, zinenero Chilituyaniya, etc.

anatengera buku la

Ngwazi za buku "Chilango" ndi zokongola ndi zochititsa chidwi kuti TV Baibulo la buku kangapo unatengedwa onse mu Russia ndi mayiko ena. Woyamba filimu - "Chilango" - anaonekera mu Russia mu 1909 (motsogoleredwa ndi Vasily Goncharov.). Pambuyo pa filimu anatengera mu 1911, 1913, 1915,

Mu 1917 dziko anaona chithunzi cha wotsogolera American Lawrence McGill, mu 1923 filimu "Raskolnikov" anamasula German wotsogolera Robert Wiene.

Pambuyo kuti inajambulidwa pafupifupi 14 zimasintha m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Ntchito ya Russian anakhala atsopano siriyo filimu "Chilango" mu 2007 (dir. Wotchedwa Dmitry Svetozarov).

Romance mu chikhalidwe otchuka

Mu mafilimu, buku Dostoevsky nthawi zambiri glimpsed m'manja mwa ngwazi kutumikira mapeto awo: mu m / f "The mothokoza Zopatsa Chidwi cha Wallace ndi Gromit: Kumeta" ndi ziro "," T / m'ma "Wolf," "Akusowa Akazi apanyumba", etc.

Mu masewera kompyuta «Sherlock Holmes: Ndichinthu & chilango» mu chimodzi mwa zinthu zochititsa m'buku ndi dzina la buku Dostoevsky ndi bwino kuonekera ku Sherlock Holmes mu manja ake, koma GTA IV «Chilango" masewero - ndi dzina la mmodzi wa mishoni.

Raskolnikov House St. Petersburg

Pali nkhambakamwa kuti Dostoevskiy Fedor Mihaylovich ali nagona ngwazi wake m'nyumba imene kulidi ku St. Petersburg. ofufuza anapanga anapezazo awa, monga buku Dostoevsky imafotokoza: nyumba Raskolnikov ndi "S." Lane, pafupi "Mwa TH 'mlatho. Pa Carpenter Lane-5 kwenikweni ndi nyumba kuti tikhoza kutumikira monga zinachitika kwa buku ndi. Pakali pano, Nyumba imeneyi ndi ya mawanga ambiri anapita alendo ku St. Petersburg.