Chinkhoma: kufotokoza, malo okhala, chidwi mfundo

M'mapiri anakhala nyama modabwitsa okongola amene ali m'banja la bovids. Ngati ndinu mwayi mokwanila kuona amuna wokongola makhothi woyera mudumphe kuchokera pamwamba kwa phompho, zinthu zochititsa chidwi Likutchulidwa moyo wonse. Likutchedwa chozizwitsa cha chilengedwe - chinkhoma. Nditawerenga nkhani imeneyi, mudzakhala mfundo zambiri zochititsa chidwi za okwera awa tentha mthupi.

Chinkhoma: kufotokoza

Live mbuzi pakati pa miyala lalikulu kwambiri: kukula kwa akulu ukufika 100-106 masentimita, ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 90-140. Amuna mosavuta siyanitsa ndi akazi ndi lalikulu kwambiri, mwinamwake za "anyamata" wa "atsikana" sizikusiyana kwambiri mu maonekedwe. Izi mbuzi phiri amaoneka ngati nyumba iri m'munsiyi ndi malipenga awo, omwe si lalikulu kwambiri mu kukula. Iwo ali ochepa, yosalala, pang'ono yokhota kumapeto mawonekedwe. Malinga ndi nyanga za mtundu kusintha nyengo. M'miyezi yotentha, iwo ndi imvi, ndi yozizira - wakuda.

Pa khosi wamphamvu akugwirizira elongated mutu wa kukula sing'anga. The ndevu pali ndevu khalidwe. Miyendo phiri jumpers amphamvu kwambiri, chifukwa miyendo amphamvu a mbuzi mosavuta kupirira Yokwerera phompho ndi zoopsa ndi mibadwo. Ziboda wakuda. Mchira ndi waufupi, chifukwa cha ubweya wake zobiriwira pafupifupi osati noticeable.

Chinthu chapadera cha nyama ndi malaya awo modabwitsa wokongola. Makamaka chidwi ndi maganizo ake zokongola m'nyengo yozizira. Panthawi imeneyi, malaya woyera makamaka wandiweyani, yaitali, droops zobiriwira mphonje.

malo

No msinkhu ndi miyala samuopa nyama monga chinkhoma. Wokhala ndi chilengedwe molimba mtima wa chilengedwe zovuta ndikuganiza - m'mapiri. Mwatsoka, artiodactyla anthu deta amachepetsa. Kuthengo, izi moyera-chinkhoma imapezeka pa malo otsetsereka a ovuta mu North America. okwera nyanga angathe kugonjetsa nsonga mpaka 3000 m.

Kale, mbuzi phiri ankakhala malo onse a North America. Koma pa nthawi, anthu dera lirilonse aithamangitse iwo m'nyumba zawo. nyama anali kupita patsogolo pofunafuna panokha ndi mtendere.

A njira ya moyo kuthengo

Mountain mbuzi simuli nyama wochezeka. Amakhala yekha kapena magulu ang'ono (3-4 anthu). Ukulimbana ndi osowa, ngati nkhondo osafunika ndi akamayamba, kutenga kaimidwe atagwada, amene amathandiza pofuna kukwaniritsa zinthu. Chikhalidwe cha nyama bata. Iwo sali wokangalika, wofooka, ngakhale kuyambitsa moyo wosamukasamuka, kupereka chakudya.

Kupita pa miyala, phiri loyera kukongola sindimakonda mothamanga, sindimakonda kuti kayendedwe iliyonse mwadzidzidzi ndi kudumpha, mwina chofunika. Pang'onopang'ono, ngati okwera weniweni, ogawika-hoofed kutsindikiza kukwera pamwamba dizzying.

Large amphamvu thupi samaletsa mbuzi kusunga ziboda pa miyala ing'onoing'ono. Ngati, pambuyo kukwera phiri lalitali, nyama amaona kuti sangathe kufika pansi, monga kudumpha pansi, ngakhale kwa kutalika mamita 7. Izi kulumpha chinkhoma mwina atembenuza mpaka madigiri 60. Ngati phazi sangapeze ngakhale pansi touchdown, izo basi amakankhira iwo akupangitsa kulumpha lotsatira pamene molimba sadzauka mapazi ake.

loonetsa

mbuzi Mountain kuti kuzidyetsa wokha, agwilitse m'dera pafupifupi 4.5 - 4.7 sq.km. Mu autumn, iwo amasamukira kuti otsetsereka kum'mwera ndi kumadzulo kwa mapiri. Pansi m'chigwa sindimakonda, yesani kupeza malo otsetsereka kuti sizinathe yokutidwa wosanjikiza wa chisanu.

nyama Mountain odyetserako m'mawa ndi madzulo. Ngati mwezi zounikira pa mtunda bwino, chakudya wa mbuzi ndi akafa dzuwa akupita pansi. zomera zonse zilipo kuti iwo kulowa menyu: udzu, udzu wa kuthengo, Moss, tchire, nthambi za mitengo, lichens. Moss ndi lichens herbivores wokongola kukumba pansi pa ziboda za chipale chofewa. Nthambi za zitsamba, masamba ndi khungwa kudziluma. Mu ukapolo, amakonda azichitira a mbuzi za kumapiri - zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.

nyengo mating

Mountain mbuzi ndi nyama mitala, kukhulupirika kwa wina ndi mzake, iwo alibe amasiyana. Mating nyengo imagwera pa nyengo yozizira: November ndi December. Panthawi imeneyi, amuna anayamba awonetse gawo ndi kufalitsa madzi wapadera. Achilendo fungo zolemba zawo monga mwa akazi a mwamuna wachikondi. Pakuti nyanga mbuzi England kuti amatulutsa madzimadzi izi kotero iye rubs nyanga ndi miyala ndi mitengo, motero kusiya fungo ake onse achilendo.

Akakumana ndi mbuzi yaikazi chisanu ayenera kupeza mwayi wake zachilendo ndipo ngakhale kupusa, ngati tisunga kuchokera kayendedwe mbali. Choyamba iye anakhala miyendo yakumbuyo pamene kukumba chibowo mu nthaka kutsogolo. Ndiye, kum'mamatira lilime lake pa miyendo anawerama kwa kuyenda pa chidendene cha munthu wosankhidwa wake, kusonyeza mtundu wonse wa kudzichepetsa. ntchito zonsezi likamaonetsedwa chinkhoma nayenso. Pambuyo tentha mthupi chibwenzi kugunda pang'ono mu mbali wamkazi, ndipo iye nayenso adzachita chinthu chomwecho, zimaonekeratu kuti aŵiriwo unachitikira mwa kanthawi atakambirana.

chidzukulu

M'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, chinkhoma umabala chidzukulu. Kubereka nthawi zonse pa mapazi ake, pamene kuwala nthawi zambiri pali mwana amene amalemera pafupifupi 3 kg. makanda ndi wokangalika, ndi masiku oyamba m'moyo, pitani mwamsanga ndi chilakolako anadyetsa mkaka mayi wawo. Patapita masiku 30-35 mkaka wa mbuzi zakudya kuyamba kudya zakudya zamasamba, msipu ndi mayi ake ndiponso anthu ena a m'gululo.

Chinkhoma: Chidwi Mfundo

Moyo, phiri mbuzi zachilendo, makamaka chifukwa cha m'mapiri, kunyumba kwa zilombo chodabwitsa. Pali zambiri zosangalatsa za kukongola woyera:

• Chipale mbuzi si mantha ngakhale pyatidesyatigradusnye ozizira ndi mphepo yamphamvu. Nyama zoopsa kunja otetezedwa bwino wandiweyani, zobiriwira, ubweya ofunda.
• Unagawanika pa ziboda zogawanika, malinga ndi vuto ndi zosowa zina, mwina taper ndi kukuza. Ndi nyama zimenezi akhoza adutsa mtunda uliwonse ndi otsetsereka a palibe madigiri zoposa 60.
• Mu gulu la phiri mbuzi ulamuliro matriarchy: mtsogoleri ndi wamkazi.
• Onani chisanu mbuzi mu nkhalango kapena m'munda sangakhale, amakhala yekha mu mapiri, nthawizina kuyenda pa solonetz.
• Kale, Amwenye anasonkhana pa miyala ubweya kuti mbuzi phiri anakhetsa pa molting. Kufwanyulira opangidwa mbuzi wools.

Iwo ali akatswiri enieni mu gulu pa okwera mkulu.