"Chinthu 277" anakumana thanki lolemera. "Chinthu 277": kufotokoza, makhalidwe ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Pa "nkhondo ozizira" asayansi Soviet ndi akatswiri kuthetsa mavuto zovuta zina sangaganize. Imodzi mwa malangizo patsogolo chitukuko panthawi imeneyo anali cholengedwa ndi kusintha kwa zida za nkhondo. Kukwanitsa "zaka Soviet," akali kukantha m'maganizo athu ndi mphamvu yake, mphamvu ndi nkhani.

Koma osati zochitika zonse zomwe zagwiridwa ndi kuika mu kuŵeta. A tsoka chisoni ankavutika Soviet zinachitika katundu thanki "chinthu 277". Linatulutsidwa zitsanzo ziwiri zino, koma mmodzi umapulumuka lero. Koma ngakhale zojambula, ichi "chitsulo chimphona" zimapangitsa kunjenjemera.

nkhani za m'mbiri

Development mbadwo watsopano wa akasinja katundu inayamba mu 1955 pa Leningrad Kirov fakitale mamangidwe amasinthira. polojekiti ankapita ndi Mkulu wa akatswiri okonza Kotin Zhozef Yakovlevich. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, ntchito zonse zinachitikadi pa maziko mpikisano, ngakhale konse poyera anthu afalitse.

Chifukwa cha mlengi wakhala zambiri zikuchitika asilikali. Wololera injini zida zankhondo zochokera HF akasinja 1 ndi IP ISU 152, ISU 122, SU 152, komanso odziwika NDI-4 katundu akuyandama thanki PT 76 BTR 50 ndi APC-P. Koma chopindula chake chachikulu chinali T-10, m'malo a yomwe latsopano "chinthu 277".

Kuyambira pachiyambi, ife anayamba mitundu iwiri ya zida - injini dizilo ndi mafuta chopangira mphamvu magetsi ( "sakugwirizana 278"). Onse prototypes anali anapezerapo pa msonkhano mzere mu 1957.

Patangotha miyezi yochepa, iwo anali kumunda anayesedwa ndi kubweretsa Mlembi Choyamba wa CPSU Khrushchev. Koma sanayamikire chitsanzo latsopano la akasinja lolemera, monga anali mdani tchalitchi cha machitidwe miyambo mfuti. Ichi chinali chifukwa kutha kwa zochitika zonse ndi 1960.

The watsopano thanki - zofunikira latsopano

The vuto pa dziko m'bwalomo ndale, wowawa "Chidani" adamfunsa ndi akatswiri kulenga mitundu wachibadidwe latsopano la zida za nkhondo ndi zida. "Chinthu 277" - mbadwo watsopano wa thanki anayenera kukwaniritsa zofunika zenizeni atapereka ndi boma:

1. Total kulemera - mkati matani 55-52.
2. Maziko a manja anali kuti rifled mfuti likungosonyeza 130.
3. Koyamba projectile liwiro - osachepera 1000 m / s.
4. Engine mphamvu - 1000 HP.

Maziko makina atsopano anali akasinja katundu T-10 ndi NDI-7, lomwe kale asonyeza kukhala wabwino. Mwina mfundo imeneyi kwachititsa chakuti nthawi yatsopano osakhutira Khrushchev - ". Mtetezi" dziko ankafunika wachibadidwe latsopano

mafotokozedwe ambiri

Yomanga maziko a mayunitsi thanki lolemera zitsulo ndi mayunitsi a EC-7 ndi T-10. The makina atsopano anali mawonekedwe tingachipeze powerenga - injini ndi awiri galimoto inali ku kumbuyo. Kutsogolo thupi gawo wakhala kwathunthu adaponya, koma mkanda zinali za mapepala wopindidwa zitsulo.

nsanja wake "chinthu 277" pafupifupi kwathunthu analanda chitsanzo m'munsi. Munthu wotere mu gawo kutsogolo, amene anali okonzeka ndi kuwala rangefinder kuona. The elongated aft pabwino boeukladki ndi dongosolo makina potsegula. The zikuchokera zipolopolo inkakhala zipolopolo 35.

The zinachitika kwa "chinthu 278" ndi mpweya chopangira mphamvu magetsi si losiyana kwa mnzake ake dizilo. Koma kuona zikumuchitikirapo ndi kuwamvetsetsa, kwenikweni, sitili fated - chitsanzo sanali ngakhale anamaliza.

makhalidwe Magwiridwe

"Chinthu 277" advantageously wolemekezeka pamaso chi zigawo zikuluzikulu kudzayesedwa ndi kuwonedwa ndi misonkhano. Ngati icho sichinali akufunira wa mlembi woyamba, thanki katundu kukhala wa oimira yodalirika ndi mphamvu ya zida za nkhondo. Pa nthawi imeneyo, anachitapo chinali chosangalatsa kwambiri:

• Nkhondowo kulemera - matani 55;
• miyeso (L × W × H) - 6990 × 3380 × 2292 mamilimita;
• thanki kutalika ndi mfuti - 11 mamita 78 masentimita;
• nthaka chilolezo - 435 mamilimita;
• injini - M-850;
• liwiro pazipita pa msewu - osapitirira 55 Km / h;
• mphamvu malo (galimoto popanda refilling) - 300 Km;
• armament - 130mm rifled mfuti M-65.

Kuyendetsa galimoto linali ndi ogwira ntchito anayi. Moti mbali ya thanki platoon anali kulowa mkulu, dalaivala, gunner ndi Komatsu.

kusungitsa

lolemera thanki zida likukwaniritsa zofunikira za nthawi. Mosavuta kupirira kuwombera osiyanasiyana pafupi ku D-25T - 122 mamilimita mfuti. Kodi si anagumula chitetezo ndi projectiles chokhala likungosonyeza wa 76-122 mm, ndipo atayima pamene zida mabomba roketi-injini. "Chinthu 277" anali chidwi kukana kwa akasinja ndi howitzer mfuti chifukwa kamangidwe ka thupi lake. Iye welded ku gawo kutsogolo kwa osewera a. mbali ankafuna mapepala zitsulo anapereka variable mbiri. Kusungitsa mazunzo thupi gawo anali 140 mamilimita / deg, ndi mkanda - 153 mamilimita / deg. Osewera zitsulo nsanja mazunzo zida zake kawirikawiri ili pa 290 mamilimita / deg.

zida

Maziko thanki armament anali 125 mamilimita rifled mfuti M 65 popanda tsoka zochepa chisoni kuposa "chinthu 277". chitukuko inayamba mu 1955 (pamodzi ndi thanki lolemera) motsogozedwa ndi Yu Tsirulnikova mapulani amasinthira wa mbewu №172 - tsopano kampani anthu "MZ".

Mu June 1956, mayeso oyamba a mitundu yatsopano ya zida. Kapangidwe ka M 65 tichipeza zinthu zitatu:

• 7330 mm yaitali mbiya ndipo amapereka koyamba mathamangidwe projectile mkati 1030 m / s;
• ejector amachita inabala kuchotsa ntchito pofuna kupewa mpweya kwambiri zili adalira chipinda;
• kuipanikiza ananyema compensator - yafupika amadza chifukwa cha mphamvu kayendedwe mpweya ufa.

Magawowa potsegula ndondomeko anakumana katundu thanki "chinthu 277" (USSR) unakhazikitsidwa makina nkhondowo paketi ndi chipangizo ndi electromechanical tidzakwatulidwa anatumiza. Pakuti akuloza mfuti kulasa anakumana zonenepa awiri hayidiroliki. Kumanzere chinthu chotero kusewera udindo gidrostopora, ndi bwino - ndi stabilizer mu ndege choimirira.

mfuti kapangidwe kunalekedwa 1961 pambuyo kutsekedwa polojekiti "chinthu 277". makope 10 Only mfuti izi zinalembedwa, komanso kusinthidwa ndi ikuchitika. Zobwezerezedwanso mfuti M 65 gl analibe kusiyana kwambiri ndipo anamtenga mwa kupanga mu chaka chomwecho.

Engine, HIV ndi galimotoyo

Pamene mbewu mphamvu thanki katundu zakonzedwa ntchito imodzi awiri mitundu ya injini - akweza injini dizilo V-2 injini kapena m'madzi M-850. Mlengi Kotin anaganiza njira yachiwiri amphamvu kwambiri ndi odalirika. Linapangidwa ine zomera Leningrad ndipo ali ndi mphamvu chidwi pa nthawi - oposa 1,000 ndiyamphamvu.

The anakumana akasinja lolemera - "277 Zinthu" - mota anaika kufanana kwa olamulira kotenga. Mbali zonse unali utazunguliridwa ndi dongosolo ejector kuzirala, ndi pansi anali akasinja ndi mafuta ndi dizilo mafuta. Kumbuyo injini anaikidwa Kufala anapereka mapulaneti Buku gearbox ndi magawo 8. Komanso wakhala Integrated chiwongolero zida ndi ulamuliro hayidiroliki.

Pa "chinthu 277" anagwiritsidwa ntchito mbozi wotsogolera ndi zitsulo anatseka hinge. Mbali zonse limagwirizana pa 4 ndi 8 thandizo akuthandiza wodzigudubuza. A torsion kuyimitsidwa oyenerera symmetrically mfundo anali dampers hayidiroliki. Zonsezi adzakupatsani galimoto ulendo yosalala ndi magalimoto mkulu.

zovekera Mkati

nthawi yoyamba mu mbiri ya akasinja wolemera mu "chinthu 277" anakhazikitsidwa odana nyukiliya chitetezo. Chimene icho chiri, sakudziwika bwinobwino. Komanso, termodymovye chipangizo kuyeretsa zida polojekiti asilikali anaikidwa mu kumenyana chipinda, komanso zipangizo kulamulira thanki m'madzi.

Monga njira zoyambirira za kulumikizana anachita wailesi R-113 "garnet", zinalengedwa ndi cholinga chapadera (makamaka akasinja) ndipo anamasulidwa ku kuwala chaka 1953. Imakhala ndi mosadodometsedwa kulankhulana ndi mawailesi a mtundu womwewo, kaya yemweyo pafupipafupi osiyanasiyana.

Kukhazikitsa Masiku ano

Anakumana katundu thanki yagwiridwira otchuka kwambiri PC Intaneti masewera "Ground var: thanki". "Chinthu 277" yomweyo ankakonda opanga masewera ndipo anapambana kutchuka zabwino buku mazunzo mbali ya alumikizana ndi turret. Osewera adzakhala tionenso maneuverability mkulu ndi liwiro, amene si kawirikawiri amayembekezera kalasi ya zida za nkhondo.

Ena otchuka oswerera angapo masewera World ya akasinja "malo" sizinagogomezeredwe malo hangar lapansi. Zikuoneka kuti kutukula anaganiza amalera ake pa kukhazikitsa "ayi Chinsinsi" akasinja olemera ndi alichotsamo ndi "Ob.777 II" pa supertesta. Koma chiyembekezo kuti m'tsogolo, mafani adzatha kuona "chinthu 277" mu kuchitapo kanthu, Zatsala.

Amene akufuna kuphunzira ndi kusangalala masewera pa buku zolondola kwambiri masewera, m'pofunika kuyembekezera kusintha loyenerera World ya akasinja. Lolemera thanki "chinthu 277" mu Ground nkhondo akasinja ngakhale pafupi ndi prototypes zilipo sangathe kusangalatsa connoisseurs wa zida za nkhondo.