Chotupa chija - ndi kukula chithokomiro England ndi. Chotupa chija: zizindikiro, gulu, zimayambitsa, chithandizo

Anthu, mabele England n'chofunikira zofunika kwambiri. Muzilemekeza dongosolo endocrine, thupi nawo lamulo la kagayidwe mphamvu. lobes ziwiri zolumikizana ndi Korinto izo, ndi pa mbali ya trachea ndi. mphamvu Ingested ndi anagawira pakati pa maselo, ndipo ngati ali osakwanira kulowerera chithokomiro mahomoni. Ngati kuchepekedwa ndi zonse, pali kusintha kotsimikizika nsalu ndi matenda goitre. njira zosiyanasiyana osiyana ndi digiri ya matenda, zimene zimayambitsa osiyana ndi zizindikiro. mtundu uliwonse wa kudwala amafuna matenda ndi mankhwala.

chithokomiro khosi lotupa

Komabe bwino anamvetsa njira ya neoplasms chithokomiro. Njira mankhwala, lotchedwa mu mankhwala lero kuti nthawi ogwira ndi kuchiza kudwala kwathunthu.

Nsalu chithokomiro zimapanga follicles - maselo ozungulira. Chisokonezo thupi kugwirizana ndi chiwalo kukanika, kuyambitsa deformations. Multinodular khosi lotupa chithokomiro amachititsa kusintha kumalo amene asankhidwa ndi akakufunsani - mu minofu. Kuwonjezera kuwonjezeka matenda follicles akhoza zimaonetsa maonekedwe cysts (enaake-nodular khosi lotupa). Kukula kwa matendawa akhoza kuyambitsa alibe wa mfundo zilonda.

zifukwa

Chotupa chija - matenda zikuphatikizapo chithokomiro kuwonongeka zosiyanasiyana. Pali mitundu ingapo, maonekedwe ndi digiri ya kudwala, amene ali osiyana Inde zachilengedwe, zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro. Chifukwa yoyamba ya khosi lotupa poizoni chosowa ayodini m'thupi, zimene zimachititsa ntchito secretory ya chithokomiro England. kuipa kwa malo nawonso amakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa chithokomiro England. Likugwa kuchokera poizoni amachepetsa ntchito ya chithokomiro England, inhibiting dongosolo endocrine.

ntchito osakwanira ayodini munali mankhwala (mkaka, zipatso, nsomba) akhoza kuyambitsa Chotupa chija. Zimayambitsa mtundu mfundo za matenda - ndondomeko ya khansa kapena chithokomiro adenoma. Zosiyanasiyana ndi kugawikana selo Pankhaniyi amapezeka mchikakamizo cha poizoni, dzuwa, ndipo akhoza kukwaniritsa cholowa.

Manda kudwala kumachitika chifukwa chikoka cha chitetezo limba yeniyeni ya chitetezo cha m'thupi. Chithandizo tichipeza kutenga mankhwala ziletsa ulimi wa mahomoni, nthawi zina vutoli anathana ndi opaleshoni.

symptomatology

Goitre - ichi ndi matenda ngati kuti zimachokeradi mu magawo oyambirira, ndi kuleza mtima ngakhale kudziwa kupezeka kwake. Only mogwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwambiri chithokomiro kukhala zina matenda chithunzi. Zizindikiro shchitovidki yodziwika ndi kutupa ake patsogolo pa khosi, ndi psinjika minofu pafupi. Komabe, odwala amadandaula chifuwa youma, hoarseness a mawu, mphamvu ya "mtanda mu mmero", kupuma movutikira. Pamene kayendedwe ka mutu pali lingaliro la mavuto ndi chizungulire chifukwa clamping ziwiya khosi. Mu kumeza penapake kutanganidwa chifukwa psinjika a kholingo. Pali osiyana malo kakulidwe pa chithokomiro England. Kodi kuchita zoterezi - choncho poyamba amaganiziridwa kuchipatala.

Ndi chitukuko cha kudwala chifukwa chakuchepa ayodini ndi lowonjezera ndi chithunzi matenda ndi zizindikiro zina kugwirizana ndi hypothyroidism: bloating, pafupipafupi matenda kupuma, kuthamanga otsika magazi. Pamene chithokomiro adenoma kapena matenda manda, pali zizindikiro za hyperthyroidism: kuwonda, irritability, kenaka utentha mamba dzanja, njala, malungo.

Akakufunsani khosi lotupa euthyroid

kudwala The chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa ayodini. Compensatory hyperplastic ndi njira hypertrophic mu chithokomiro England za thupi umalimbana kuonetsetsa mulingo okwanira mahomoni chithokomiro. zimagwirira dziphunzitsiranso kuti kuchepa ayodini kugwirizana ndi amkati Kubwezeretsa ayodini, iodide katulutsidwe kucheperachepera impso triyodtirozina kaphatikizidwe, adani kuzikonzanso ayodini ndi chithokomiro England. Mu njira iyi, thupi compensates akusowa ayodini, koma pali chitukuko cha thyrocytes hypertrophy, amene amaonetsetsa otetezedwa ntchito chithokomiro. Euthyroid khosi lotupa akhoza kusokoneza ntchito yake chifukwa cha zinthu monga owonjezera micronutrients kashiamu akusowa (molybdenum, mkuwa, cobalt, selenium, nthaka, manganese), mukumwa mankhwala, matenda aakulu, maganizo nkhawa, kusuta.

Mu ambiri milandu sindikufuna kukhala ndi zizindikiro matenda, kuyambira matenda ili pafupi sajomba chithokomiro ntchito. Nthawi zina alili zingaoneke kazembe kufooka, kutopa, kufooka. Kuwonjezeka shchitovidki kwambiri akuoneka zodzikongoletsera chilema limodzi ndi maganizo kuthamanga mu khosi. Zizindikiro zina za matenda a chithokomiro kugwirizana ndi hypertrophy za thupi zimene zingachititse mavuto aakulu: kutupa prostate, kukha mwazi psinjika a kholingo, trachea. Against maziko a kudwala uyu angathe zina, mitundu zovuta zambiri za Chotupa chija.

Chotupa chija Otani

Mu akazi, zaka pafupifupi amapezeka makamaka akakufunsani khosi lotupa poizoni. matenda ndi n'kukhala zambiri imagwira ana ndi odwala okalamba. Silinakwaniritsidwe anakhazikitsa kwathunthu, mfundo zomwe zimakhudza chitukuko cha matenda, koma ambiri mankhwala imatengedwa chochititsa chachikulu cha nthenda ya kumtundu chifukwa chimene kachitidwe ka lamulo la kupanga mankhwala akupha mu chitetezo cha m'thupi zimafunika. matenda amenewa kutsogolera chakuti kukhala akupha mwini chithokomiro minofu awo wodwala. Majini zopindika Pankhaniyi - si kutengera za mtheradi ndi zonse zowerengera si mwana akudwala, ngati matenda ndi khosi lotupa wina kwa makolo.

yosowa kwambiri ichi ukuwonjezeka kudwala mu chithokomiro buku. Mu 30% odwala anapeza kuwonjezeka maso (manda ophthalmopathy, endocrine ophthalmopathy, exophthalmos). Zizindikiro zazikulu mu akakufunsani khosi lotupa poizoni amagwirizana ndi muyeso wa mahomoni opangidwa ndi mabele England. Chifukwa ntchito mopitirira muyezo zotsatira mahomoni mu ntchito wodwalayo wosweka mtima, mpaka chitukuko cha arrhythmias. Amveke njira kagayidwe kachakudya kuyambitsa kuwonda. Odwala amaonetsa zizindikiro monga akuchuluka tulo, akulira ndi kutopa, irritability, kugwedeza maonekedwe.

nodular khosi lotupa

Nodular khosi lotupa - angapo pathologies ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana - maphunziro mu mfundo chithokomiro England. Pambuyo kukayikitsa Kukula kwa matendawa, wodwalayo kupita chifukwa cha Kafukufuku kudziwa mmene ndi mtundu. Ngati wodwala wapezeka mfundo zingapo, iwo anapezeka multinodular khosi lotupa ya chithokomiro England. Mawonetseredwe ambiri matenda ndi colloidal euthyroid Chotupa chija. Zizindikiro monga zimachokeradi, koma zopindika kuonekera mu khosi mpaka mapindikidwe a. Pamodzi ndi zomverera chowawa kuoneka mavuto, zimene zikusonyeza kukula mofulumira formations: magazi mu msonkhano, maonekedwe a kutupa, ndi kumakula zina chithokomiro. The mfundo za chachikulu akhoza compress ndi trachea kapena kum'mero, amene anatsagana ndi chisokonezo kupuma ndi kumeza.

Development wa khosi lotupa nodular ndi ntchito ndi zinthu monga kutengera za kumtundu, matenda aakulu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mankhwala, chakudya zinthu goitrogenic, zinthu zachilengedwe. Mfundo yaikulu ndi kupanda ayodini m'thupi. Sikuti kubweretsa matenda ku mkhalidwe osasamalidwa. Atumizeni yomweyo dokotala ngati mukuona mfundo mu chithokomiro England. Kodi kuchita lotsatira, momwe kuti tichotse iwo ndi kupewa mavuto - angapezeke pokambirana apadera pambuyo uthunthu wonse wa Kafukufuku. Pakumala mungatani kuti miyeso ndi mankhwala mankhwala.

madigiri

Digiri ya khosi lotupa nodular anatsimikiza ku chithokomiro mmene zikuluzikulu. Mfundo kungakhale zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zedi osiyana. Pa panopa, pali classifications awiri khosi lotupa nodular mu mphamvu. The choyamba - pa Nikolaev. Pali anali olekanitsidwa magulu 5. Pa ziro digiri ya chithokomiro England ndi zosaoneka ndi si maganizo palpation. The choyamba - zosaoneka, koma palpable. Mlingo wachiwiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka a England pa Pomeza. Wachitatu ukuwonjezeka dera ndi thickens khosi. Wachinayi kukuonetsedwa khosi lotupa zachidziwikire, amene amaswa khosi kasinthidwe. Chachisanu, digiri lotsiriza la nthenda ya ana amakumana ndi mavuto. Kukula yaikulu kwambiri ya chithokomiro England kumabweretsa psinjika a ziwalo pafupi, amene chifukwa linaphwanya ntchito ya dongosolo kupuma ndipo mtima ndi kapepala m'mimba.

Malinga ndi WHO gulu, pali atatu (ziro, woyamba ndi wachiwiri) digiri ya matenda. Pa ziro khosi lotupa si woyamba - zosaoneka, koma palpable, ndipo pamene pali chachiwiri digiri Chotupa chija, ndipo Tingaone ndi apoyera. Ngati magawo koyamba chitukuko matenda zosaoneka ngozi kwa thupi, kupitirira kwa matenda ndi zotsatira zoipa kwambiri, chifukwa mbewu - ndi matenda aakulu omwe, kuwonjezera kusintha kunja bwanji wokwiya machitidwe a machitidwe onse, ndipo ziwalo.

njira matenda

Koyamba mosamala wodwala anachita kudzera palpation. Ngati chotupa cha anapeza mankhwala ultrasound kudziwa kuchuluka kwa neoplasms chithokomiro ndi kukula yeniyeni. Zabwino-singano kukhumba biopsy imagwiridwa mu choncho kumene mapangidwe lalikulu kuposa 1 masentimita, kapena pali kukayikitsa chotupa chija. Ultrasound pamodzi biopsy kumawonjezera kuphunzira nkhani.

Chithokomiro Chotupa chija, pa malo a chifuwa ndi ku mwaunyinji, akhoza osamukira motsogozedwa Airways, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto. Pofuna kupewa izi, adzaika X-ray Mosiyana barium chifuwa ndi kum'mero. Maginito kulingalira kumveka ntchito kwa cholinga cha phunziro mwatsatanetsatane khosi lotupa retrosternal. Nthawi wabwinobwino, si zinalembedwa.

Kodi kuchitira khosi lotupa

Chotupa chija mankhwala kukhala ndiwofatsa komanso opaleshoni. Njira yoyamba ntchito, ngati anapezeka ndi akakufunsani, nodular, multinodular khosi lotupa ya chithokomiro England. Mtheradi contraindication opaleshoni ndi chifukwa ntchito mankhwala ndiwofatsa. Amakhala ndi zinthu zingapo. Choyamba, muyenera kubwereza zakudya zanu ndi m'malo izo ndi moyenera. Ndikufunika kusintha zinthu mwaukhondo. Pakhoza mankhwala chithandizo pa achisangalalo apadera. zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika za chithandizo ndiwofatsa monga: normalization wa chiwindi ndi ntchito m'matumbo, akonzere foci matenda aakulu, normalization wa kagayidwe ayodini lake. Yotsirizira zimatheka chifukwa kulandira mankhwala, "triiodothyronine", "Tireoidin", "Tireotom", "Tireokomb".

Opaleshoni chithandizo Kwalamulidwa, ngati pali zizindikiro za opaleshoni: akakufunsani khosi lotupa IV ndi V mmene akakufunsani khosi lotupa III mmene amene sakhoza kukhala ndiwofatsa mankhwala wosanganiza ndi nodular Chotupa chija, chithokomiro ngati kuchuluka. Chotupa chija kuchotsedwa m'njira ziwiri: gemistrumektomiya ndi resection wa Lobe lapansi. Opaleshoni alowererepo amanyamula dokotala kuyang'aniridwa pafupi a m'thupi yemwenso ndi. N'zothekanso matenda a azitsamba khosi lotupa wowerengeka. Kwambiri anayesa ndi njira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zitsamba elecampane. Izo ntchito kulowetsedwa mowa wamphamvu ndi ntchito muzimutsuka pakhosi ndi mankhwala wathunthu.

Kupewa goitre

Pofuna kulimbana ndi matenda goitre, m'pofunika kuti akalandire mavuto matenda sangathe kukhala. Tikuyankhula zokhudza kapewedwe, yomwe mu nkhani iyi ikhoza kukhala misa, gulu, munthu. Misa lili mu ntchito iodized mchere umene uli pa matani 1 gm 25 potaziyamu. Makamaka kwambiri ndi phwando m'madera kuchuluka chiopsezo akusowa ayodini. Onse kupewa ikuchitika ndi "antistrumin" mankhwala. Iwo ntchito mwa mayunitsi nkhondo, ana ndi magulu sukulu pa mlingo wa piritsi 1 pasabata. Odwala amene anafika ku malo ndi akusowa ayodini, ndi mankhwala mankhwala "antistrumin".

Specific njira yokonza ayenera idzachitika molumikizana ndi kuwonongedwa kwa zinthu kukulitsa mwa zingapo zoyezera mwaukhondo ndi chikhalidwe (kulimbana ndi matenda matumbo, chikhalidwe ukhondo wa anthu, kupewa hypovitaminosis, osiyanasiyana komanso kuwapatsa zakudya, kutukula miyoyo yawo).