Common gull: mwachidule, makhalidwe ndi malo

Mu dziko muli mitundu makumi osiyanasiyana gulls. Mbalame nawo mapiko yaitali ndi mchira ngati lalikulu ndi. Gulls moyo kulikonse kumene nyanja merges ndi dziko, ndi mitundu ina zimapezeka kutali kuntunda.

Mbalameyi ndi chizindikiro cha ufulu, ndi - kucheza woyamba ndi nyanja ndi chimake cha kukongola zonse ndi wachifundo zodabwitsa mbalame ndege. Common gull kapena vizgnunya - mmodzi wa mitundu ya mbalame za mu banja lalikulu la gulls. Ptah imeneyi Tingaone pa gombe la mitsinje yathu ndi matupi zina madzi. Iwo limatchedwa nyanja mbalame, chifukwa izo zikukhazikitsa bwino ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Common gull (Larus canus): Kufotokozera

mbalame ali kufanana ndi Tsiku May, koma kusiyana pakati pa iwo anati. akulu, mosiyana maevok, ndi mawanga woyera pa wakuda phiko chitsanzo. gull Common, kulongosola zimene mukuwerenga tsopano ali ndi thupi kutalika kwa masentimita 40-43, wingspan kukongola kwa kwa masentimita 110 130 ndi thupi kuyambira 270 magalamu 480.

Mtundu nthenga akufanana kum'mwera hering'i gull. Izo zikuwoneka kaso. Common gull - sing'anga-kakulidwe gull. Iwo ali monochromatic woyera m'munsi thupi, ndi nthenga chapamwamba gawo kuwala imvi. Mapiko mbali chapamwamba wa imvi, wakuda pa zofuna zawo anakonza mawanga woyera. Woonda mulomo ndi miyendo enaake achikasu hue. Maonekedwe a amuna ndi akazi palibe osiyana. Juveniles kwamuyaya nthenga yekha akafika zaka zitatu.

m'dera

gulls Glaucous ndi maulendo ataliatali ndipo kochuyuschemu malingaliro. Iwo ali ofala chakumpoto kwa Europe ndi ku Asia, komanso ku North America. Ena mbalame subtypes deta wintering kufika pa malo ndi munda Mediterranean, nthawizina mu Africa North, kumene iwo apanga njuchi lonse. Mbalame kuswana osiyanasiyana chochokera Iceland ochuluka Kamchatka. Kumwera malo kukaikira mazira zili Switzerland. gulls Glaucous ikuyenda m'nyengo yozizira monga Italy, komwe alipo kwa anthu 5,000. Mtundu watsiku ndi nyengo mu Black, Baltic ndi Caspian Pacific. Pali glaucous gull, zotsalira yozizira mu madzi si ataphimbidwa ndi ayezi, amene ali m'madera a m'midzi.

Mu European tiyi areal sizuyu akuyamba aithamangitse wachibale kum'mwera siliva, umene kukula kwake pang'ono ndi pang'ono yafupika. Izi ntchito ndi zikamera wa zilombo zolusa komanso zochita za anthu.

Common gull: malo mbali

Poyamba mbalame ankakhala PSL awiriawiri osiyana, kukhala m'midzi ndi lakuda gull. Ndiye kunali kuwonongedwa kwa minda, ndiyeno kukongola bluish anayamba kukaikira mazira ndi Common Tern, ndipo nthawizina anakhala padera.

malo seagulls chisa malo a mtundu umenewu, pulasitiki kwambiri kuposa wachibale nyanja. Kuwonjezera zinthu zachilengedwe, zimene tokhala, cattails wosweka ndi quagmire, wamba gull amanga chisa chake pa tsindwi lathyathyathya ndi pa zilumba opangidwa mwala. Mbalame pang'onopang'ono wayamba ntchito kulankhula ndi anthu, ngati iwo titsatire ake ndi zoipa.

njira ya moyo

Pa kulira lakuthwa, momvetsa chisoni za mbalameyi ndi vocalizes "kee-u" ndi "Ki-aha." Mbalame zimenezi makamaka diurnal. ntchito zoteteza khalidwe ali motere:

• Pamene mdani overflew ikuchitika, limodzi ndi nkhawa kulira.
• Kuthira zitosi ndi ogwirira madzi amene ali padziko lapansi, ndi anthu, ndi kuchititsa kukayikirana.
• Kuukira ogwirira mu mlengalenga.
• Onse zimene zingatisokoneze zochita woonekeratu.

Glaucous gulls - mbalame wochezeka. Pa foraging iwo anabwera kucheza ndi anyamata ena. Anthu oterowo, angapezeke mu zinyalala, ndipo olimapo. Zachisangalalo Squealer zambiri umalandira zaka 25.

loonetsa

Mbali yaikulu ya zakudya Common Gull - ndi invertebrates, ngakhale kuti adzaupereka kwa mbalame omnivorous. Njala nthenga mediocre kwambiri, ndi kupereka okha ndi chakudya chokwanira, kukongola amagwiritsa onse a nzeru zapadera. Squealer akhoza yaitali titsatire mbalame yaing'ono, ndi kuwachititsa kusiya chakudya yotengedwa. Kuti anthu gulls glaucous opanda mantha kwambiri okhala moyandikana pafupi, funsani nsomba kapena zidutswa za mkate. Kukhala malo okhala m'mizinda, mankhwala chakudya nkhuku kwa anthu kamapangikira landfills. Awo ana wamba gull wakudya invertebrates, nsomba yaing'ono, achule ndi mbewa, mankhwala amenewa ndiponso kudyetsa yokha. Mew gull waukulu nyama ndi nsomba. Mbalame zambiri amapezeka mphepete ndi osaya. Mu malo amenewa akuyembekezera nkhanu ndi mphutsi, nsomba, anataya mafunde, komanso amanyamula.

kubalana

gulls Glaucous mtundu inayamba zaka 2-4. Awiri ndi mzake zambiri kupanga mbalame wamng'ono. Pamene kupanga banja nthenga akusonyeza wamkulu ntchito wamwamuna kenako zimayamba kuteteza thumba gawo malo amenenso amasankha. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti mwamuna ndi mkazi yozizira ikuchitika m'malo osiyanasiyana, koma m'chaka kudzakhalire pa malo kukaikira mazira. Akazi amachitira zinthu anakana, kupempha chakudya wake wosankhidwa, amayamba kusamalira bere. Othandiza mu mapangidwe nthunzi mu 72% milandu ndi aja amene akhala mu chaka chathachi. Kumanga zisa zikugwira makolo awiri oyembekezera. Kungakhale dzenje mu nthaka kapena dongosolo akhakula nthambi za mitengo, zomera zimayambira, Moss ndi ndere. Nest wamba gull nthawi zonse chimakhudzana ndi malo chinyezi. Mu zina, ali ndi mbalame pa nthambi za mitengo kapena stumps.

akazi anayamba kuikira mazira mu May kapena June, kawirikawiri 2-3 mazira maolivi wobiriwira ndi zofiirira mawanga. Zimaswa mbadwa za makolo onse mosinthana mu masabata atatu kapena anayi. Mu chaka cha seagulls kubala zowalamulira wina.

polera

Udindo kudyetsa ana awo ndi makolo onse. Little anapiye voraciously chakudya kuti akaonekere kwa nthawi kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku. M'masiku oyambirira atabadwa anapiye kutenthetsa bambo ndi mayi, pa tsiku lachitatu la moyo anakhazikitsa thermoregulation mu puhovichki. Ana kuyamba kuyenda m'dera adasiya chisa pa zaka masiku 10-12. The ndege choyamba mwezi umodzi ndi 5 Patapita masiku kuswa. Young glaucous gulls amaphatikiza paketi ndipo anayamba kuyendayenda pa nyanja ndi zithaphwi kupeza chakudya chawo.

kupulumutsa mtundu

Kuzipenya pa moyo wa gulls mew kwasonyeza kuti ku Nyanja Barents pali imfa ya ana awo. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali chachikulu supercooling ndi katundu ana kuchokera pansi zomera wandiweyani pa lotseguka. Chifukwa chachiwiri - ndi kutopa kwa zakudya m'thupi. Pa White Nyanja gulls komanso kulimbana kupulumuka. ana awo poyera kuti aukire ermine, Nkhandwe ziri ndi akhwangwala imvi. anthu akuluakulu, komanso achinyamata, anaopseza peregrine kabawi ndi woyera-tailed mphungu. Seagulls kawirikawiri akuvutika awo. mbalame izi ndi lofunika kwambiri chuma osati pano, ndipo mwapadera miyeso chitetezo chawo sinabweretse. Pa gawo la likulu Russian ndi gull wamba anatengedwa pansi ankatetezedwa. mitundu ya mbalame kutchulidwa Red Book wa Moscow mu 2001.