Congenital hypothyroidism

Congenital hypothyroidism ndi matenda a endocrine. Matendawa amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito ya chithokomiro. Congenital hypothyroidism imapezeka kwambiri kawirikawiri (vuto limodzi la zikwi zisanu). Vuto la matendawa ndilo chifukwa kupanda kwa mahomoni kumakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha dongosolo lamanjenje ndi maganizo a ana a maganizo, kuwaletsa.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambira m'mimba. Atsikana amakhala odwala kuposa anyamata.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi tingathe kudziwika ndi kulephera kwathunthu kapena pang'ono pamatenda a chithokomiro. Kutsika kwa ntchito ndi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mahomoni ake : thyroxine, triiodothyronine. Motero, mwana wobadwa ali ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti zisamayende bwino komanso kuti thupi lake lizikhala bwino.

Congenital hypothyroidism imakhala ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana m'kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chithokomiro, chithokomiro ndi hypothalamus. Ambiri mwa chitukuko cha matendawa ndizofunikira.

Masiku ano, kusemphana kwa majini kumatengedwa ngati chifukwa cha matendawa. Zambiri mwazochitika (pafupifupi 80%) za matendawa ndizochitika mwachilengedwe, mwazinthu zina, sikutheka kukhazikitsa mtundu uliwonse wa kulandira kapena kulumikizana ndi anthu ena.

Congenital hypothyroidism ndi mtundu wochuluka kwambiri wa matenda kuposa woyambawo. Matendawa amadziwika ndi kuphwanya mu dongosolo la "command center" - chifuwa cha pituitary, - chomwe chimayambitsa chithokomiro.

Congenital hypothyroidism imaika ngozi yaikulu ku moyo ndi thanzi la ana.

Izi makamaka chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mahomoni pa chithokomiro pa chitukuko cha msana, ubongo, mkati ndi makutu ena mu dongosolo la manjenje. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti tikafika pa siteji yina, kusowa kwachangu kumakhala kosasinthika ndipo sikuchiritsidwa. Ana omwe ali ndi ubongo wa hypothyroidism amatsuka kwambiri m'maganizo ndi kusintha kwa maganizo. Chithunzi chachikulu pa nkhaniyi chimatchedwa practice cretinism. Matendawa amaonedwa kuti ndi oopsa kwambiri pa mitundu yonse ya psychomotor underdevelopment.

Monga momwe chiwonetsero chimasonyezera, zizindikilo zina za congenital hypothyroidism zikhoza kudziwika kale atabadwa. Zizindikiro zina zimawonetsedwa panthawi yomwe mwanayo akukula.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa zikuphatikizapo:

- Kutumiza mochedwa (masabata makumi anayi);

- zizindikiro za kusakhwima pa kubadwa, mosasamala kanthu ndi "mimba" isanakwane;

- kulemera kwake kwa mwana, kupitirira magalamu 3500;

- kuvutika pochiritsa bala la umbilical, nthawi yaitali yobereka pambuyo pake;

- kutupa kwa nkhope ndi matayala kumbuyo kwa manja ndi mapazi;

- osasamala; Kulira kochepa, kuchepa koyamwa panthawi ya kudyetsa.

Monga lamulo, chiletso cha chitukuko chikuwonetseredwa mu miyezi ingapo yoyambirira ya moyo. Pachifukwa ichi, odwalawo adatsekedwa kutsekedwa kwa ma fontanelles ndi tsitsi lopweteka komanso louma.

Chithandizo cha matendawa ndi cholinga chobwezeretsa vuto la kutentha kwa hormone. Kwa ichi, levothyroxine sodium imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mapangidwe a thyroxine ndi mankhwala ndi ofanana. Tiyenera kudziŵa kuti kusowa kwa ntchito kapena chithokomiro cha chithokomiro sichichiritsidwa. Choncho, mankhwala opatsirana amaloledwa kwa moyo.

Monga lamulo, mankhwala amayamba sabata lachiwiri la moyo wa mwanayo. M'mayiko ena (mwachitsanzo, ku Germany), mankhwala akulimbikitsidwa kuyambira tsiku lachisanu ndi chitatu mphambu zisanu ndi zinayi atabadwa.

Pakalipano, mafanomu osiyanasiyana (malonda a malonda) a levothyroxine akupangidwa. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zogwira ntchito, mlingo umayikidwa. Ngati kuli kofunikira kusinthana ndi fano lachilendo kapena mawonekedwe ena, izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa.