Donati Donuts. donuts American: Chinsinsi

Donati Donuts - tingachipeze powerenga American wokoma mtanda mankhwala, akhala kuyambira akhale mbali ya soda chikhalidwe dziko. Homer Simpson ndi zosangalatsa adya bagels zobiriwira, komanso apolisi wotopetsa ntchito mafilimu ambiri otchuka. Ndipo tsopano iwo anayamba kuoneka mu zoweta kudya chakudya ndi Confectionery. Kodi izo - ndi donuts American ndi mmene kuwakonzekeretsa zinthu zathu?

A mbiri pang'ono

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi dzina chidwi. Amachokera kwa English mawu mtanda - mtanda ndi mtedza - mtedza. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kale donuts American Donuts sanali mu mawonekedwe a kalikiliki, ndipo mu mawonekedwe a mpira.

Kutchula koyamba maswiti ngati a zaka za m'ma XIX, ndi kuwapanga iwo kukhala anathaŵa Denmark ku United States. Iye anali nalo dzina lake - olykoeks - mikate mafuta.

Koma chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake America confection mtanda wokoma, yokazinga mu fryer kwambiri, analandira dzina lina - mtedza mtanda. Ndipo lisanalipiridwe yophika osati mu mafuta ndi mafuta mpaka golide bulauni. Chidwi mbale munakhala ndipo zinatchuka kale lonse. Today enawa donuts? M'maganizo akamaumba ambiri:

Komabe, pali mabaibulo ena maonekedwe a dzina. Ungakhale ntchito mawu - mawu mtanda mfundo - mfundo mtanda, kutchulidwa pafupifupi chimodzimodzi ngati "Donuts" ndipo kungakhale kutchula muyezo wa dzina chomwecho mawonekedwe. Kapena mwina mawu mtedza - nati, sizikhudza maonekedwe, ndipo wakhala ntchito chifukwa pakati pa kalikiliki zoipa chithupsa, ndipo anadzazidwa ndi mtedza kapena zipatso, mwachitsanzo kudzazidwa, omwe sayenera mosamala kutentha mankhwala ...

Amene mawonekedwe ndi yolondola?

Ndipo chimodzi chidutswa mpira ndi mu mawonekedwe a kalikiliki ndi - awiri tili ndi mayina ofanana - donati Donuts. Njira yoyamba - ndi mbiri akulu mwachilungamo mosavuta kukonzekera kunyumba. Ndipotu, m'pofunika falitsani mtanda mu nati ang'ono, amene anaikidwa mkamwa mwake. Nthawi zina amapangidwa zotsalira yaiwisi analandira pambuyo eyelet mu donuts, bagels - musataye mankhwala.

Chimake chachiwiri youmba ndi ubwino awiri. Woyamba chinthu aliyense amakonda - palibe yosakongola Midway, donati chithupsa wogawana kumbali zonse. Lachiwiri ndi yofunika kwambiri anthu amene amagulitsa maswiti. Kalikiliki ndi dzenje conveniently ndi hygienically kulasa pa ndodo ndipo nachiyika pa mbale kapena mu phukusi wogula. fomu iyi zingathe kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• lopinda soseji mtanda mu bwalo;
• kufinya mabowo keke yomalizidwa;
• munthawi yomweyo yodula mtanda pepala mkati ndi kunja circumference ndi chida chapadera;
• ntchito mofulumira kasinthasintha wa workpiece pa chimene Kasupe pakati ndi lokha ndipamene mawonekedwe zojambula wotchedwa torus - bagel.

Donuts donati akhoza makulidwe osiyana ndi chimwambo, chofufumitsa kapena yachibadwa, komanso ndi kudzazidwa. Pali zambiri sanali muyezo mawonekedwe, monga lalikulu kapena kansalu.

Kodi azikongoletsa mikate?

Nthawi zambiri Donuts donati yokutidwa ndi Confectionery icing. Ndiye, chokongoletsedwa ndi ufa shuga, mtedza grated, sprinkles kukongoletsa mosiyanasiyana osiyana ndi mitundu, nthaka sinamoni. Nthawi zambiri, kumtunda ladzala ndi chokoleti kapena glaze akuda. Ndi zikuwoneka zabwino kuwaza zodulidwa kokonati ndi mipira mpunga. Mikwingwirima kapena zithunzi za oyera kapena mdima chocolate, kwambiri kulakalaka kuyang'ana. Kotero inu mukhoza bwinobwino kusonyeza kuganiza zophikira ndi kufufuza options watsopano zodzikongoletsera wokongola.

Zambiri Donuts Donuts. Chinsinsi cha kuphika kunyumba

Ndithudi inu kale mkamwa mwake madzi, kotero kusuntha kwa yokonza zakudya lodabwitsa kunja. Choncho, mndandanda wa zosakaniza pafupifupi 18 donuts:

• 35 ml ya viniga woyera;
• 100 ml ya mkaka;
• 30 ga margarine;
• 110 ga shuga;
• 1 dzira;
• ½ h. L. vanillin;
• 280 ga anasefa ufa;
• ½ h. L. koloko;
• 1/4 h. L. mchere;
• 1 lita imodzi ya mafuta woyengedwa masamba;
• 70 ga shuga anawombera.

Kodi kukonzekera donuts amamwa?

Sakanizani viniga ndi mkaka ndi tiyeni tiyime kwa mphindi zochepa, mpaka unakhuthala.

Mu mbale sing'anga-kakulidwe kumenya margarine firiji ndi shuga mpaka yosalala. Mosamala akuyambitsa mu mazira ndi vanila. Asiyanitse pamodzi ufa, soda ndi mchere. Pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera kwa osakaniza shuga ndi margarine, pamene kuthira vinyo wosasa ndi mkaka. Uukande, ndipo falitsani pa chikwangwani floured ndi makulidwe a 7-8 mm. Ngati muli ndi wodula wapadera donuts, ndiye mudzatha mwamsanga kupanga billet. Apa pali chimene chimaoneka (chithunzi m'munsimu).

Ngati ayi - kwa bwalo lakunja, kutenga chikho kwa mkati - Dulani khosi la botolo iliyonse. Tiyeni kuima pafupifupi mphindi 10 akusowekapo.

Mu lalikulu kwambiri Frying poto kapena saucepan, kutenthetsa mafuta digiri 190 (ngati palibe thermometer khitchini, muyenera kudziwa kuti mafutawo mwamphamvu wiritsani). Mwachangu ndi donuts kuti yosalala golide bulauni, musaiwale titembenuzire kamodzi. Kukhetsa, anaika pa matawulo pepala. Pritrusite ufa shuga ali ofunda, ndi kutumikira yomweyo.

Kwa ulemerero wapadera

Ndipo tsopano ndikuwuzani inu momwe kupanga yisiti donuts Donuts. Chinsinsi ndi wosavuta, koma iwo akukonzekera wautali monga mayeso amafunika nthawi kuti adzauka kawiri.

Zosakaniza zidutswa 20:

• 100 ml ya madzi ofunda (40 - 45 madigiri);
• 7 ga yisiti youma ;
• 150 ml ya mkaka ofunda;
• 55 ga margarine;
• 45 ga shuga;
• 5 ga mchere (3/4 tsp ..);
• 1 dzira;
• 415 ga anasefa ufa;
• 2 malita a mafuta woyengedwa masamba;
• 1 thumba (2 g) vanillin;
• 105 ga ufa shuga.

glaze:

• ¾ h. L. shuga;
• supuni 1 madzi.

masitepe kuphika

Ndipo tsopano tione mmene kupanga yisiti donuts ziweto:

1. Thirani madzi otentha mu mbale yaing'ono, kuwaza mu yisiti ndi 1 ora. L. shuga. Tiyeni osakaniza kuima mpaka ndipamene thovu poterera pamwamba - 5 - mphindi 10. Pa nthawi imeneyi mukhoza onetsetsani kuti yisiti ndi zabwino, ndi kupereka kumera yoyenera.
2. Thirani mkaka ndi margarine mu saucepan ang'ono ndi kuphika pa moto sing'anga mpaka margarine ndi anasungunuka ndi mkaka akuyamba kubala thovu ting'onoting'ono m'mbali. Chotsani osakaniza kutentha.
3. Kuwaza shuga ndi mchere mu mbale, kutsanulira mkaka ndi margarine, nampanda ndi chosakanizira pa liwiro otsika okha kupasuka shuga. Kuziziritsa pang'ono.
4. Kuwonjezera kusakaniza ku sitepe yoyamba, Brew, dzira ndi ufa. Kukwapula pa liwiro otsika mpaka yosalala. Kenako kuwonjezera ufa otsala kuti mtanda zofewa.
5. Pitirizani whisking kwa mphindi 2-3. The mtanda chifukwa ayenera kuyamba kusunga ndi m'mbali mwa mbale.
6. Ikani pa bolodi owazidwa ufa ndi knead mpaka yosalala ndi zotanuka.
7. Kutiumba mtanda mu mpira ndi malo mphika waukulu mafuta, kuphimba ndi zikopa kwa kuphika. Ikani mu malo otentha kuti adzauka. Kumapeto kwa maola 1-1.5 mtanda ayenera chinawonjezeka ndi nthawi 2.
8. Kachiwiri kuziyika izo pa bolodi ndi ufa ndi falitsani ndi makulidwe a masentimita 1-1.5. Dulani donuts ndi wodula awiri a 9 cm, kapena wonenedwa Chinsinsi m'mbuyomu. Tiyeni preform polezhat zolengeza kwa mphindi 40 mpaka ora, iwo kachiwiri anakonzeka kukhala mpweya ndi fluffy.
9. Kutenthetsa mafuta mu fryer kwambiri (ngati ayi, ndiye mu saucepan lalikulu) kwa madigiri 175.
10. Mosamala kuchepetsa donuts mu madzi otentha, 2 - 3 zidutswa nthawi ndi kuphika mpaka iwo adzakhale kuwala golide mtundu, nthawi kutembenukira kamodzi, monga kuphika pafupifupi 2 Mphindi.
11. Ikani pa matawulo pepala kuchotsa mafuta owonjezera.
12. Mu mbale, kusakaniza 1 supuni ya madzi ofunda, vanillin ndi ufa shuga. Ikani wosanjikiza zonyalazo glaze pa donuts ofunda.

Industrial yopanga donuts

Kumene, kuŵeta muyenera njira ina. Industrial makina kwa donuts anatulukira mlendo ku Russia Adolph Levitt mu 1920 ndipo anagonjera ku wotchuka World Chiwonetsero mu Chicago mu 1924. Donuts anali anthu afalitse monga "kukumenya zophikira wa Century wa Bwino" ndipo kuyambira pamenepo anayamba kuoneka kulikonse. Kodi ndondomeko ya kuphika lero?

Kwathunthu zida basi zikuphatikizapo m'chipinda kuyanjana kwa kukonza mtanda, nozzles ndi nozzle kukhazikitsa donati fryer limagwirira invert ndi donuts ndi gululi kuzirala. Izo zikhoza kukhala zosiyana kukula kwake - kuchokera magalimoto ang'onoang'ono malo omwera ndi masitolo pastry ku mafakitare lalikulu ndi zomera kupanga maswiti ndi mitanda. Kusintha mogwirizana ndi mtengo zida. Palinso makina ochepa zoweta, amene akhala akugwira kwa mafani wa mbale.

Kodi makina kwa kupanga donuts

Pambuyo amasakaniza ndi mtanda ali osokonezeka, nozzle wapadera extrudes izo kuchokera nozzle mu mawonekedwe a ringlet ndi - ochiritsira yosalala kapena scalloped m'mbali, malingana ndi mtundu. Billets ndi kugwera moŵa wa otentha mafuta, ndi tisunthire conveyor lamba pa izo. Kwa kutsitsi otentha si anamwazikana padziko, nozzles ndi anakonza pa msinkhu waung'ono pamwamba chotengera kuphikira. Theka limagwirira akutembenukira masamba donuts kuti wogawana browned kumbali zonse. Ndiye iwo n'kupita latisi kuti kuziziritsa. Komanso, zipangizo akhoza zokuzira ndi zipangizo kulola kutsanulira icing pa zogula, ndi kuchotsa owonjezera jekeseni stuffing ndi kuchita zina ntchito zofunika kutulutsa zosiyanasiyana donuts zokoma.