Foundation pansi wokhetsedwa wa midadada ndi manja awo: mbali ndi ndondomeko ya ntchito

Njira yachangu kumanga maziko a lero ndi ntchito atilakwira. Njira imeneyi ngakhale ali ndi zolakwika, koma amachita ngati njira aluso mu mawu a ndalama nthawi. womanga aliyense angakuuzeni kuti kudzaza lathyathyathya pamwamba pa maziko ndi ntchito ndi izo mtsogolo zambiri yabwino, koma konkire afike muyezo zofunika, musanayambe pomanga nyumba yokha. Pankhani chipika maziko, n'zotheka kumanga mu nthawi yochepa, mukhoza kuyamba ntchito m'dzinja kapena kasupe, ndi oyenera ngakhale cabins m'munsi.

chodetsa m'gawo

Musanasankhe maziko shedi, inu kunyamula lanu chizindikiro patsambali. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, tisaiwale yomanga malire. Kodi izo bwino mothandizidwa ndi zingwe, mitengo zitsulo ndi kumanga mita. Ngati chizindikiro patsambali Nkofunika kudziwa kuti m'lifupi maziko ayenera lalikulu kuposa M'lifupi mwa khoma.

earthwork

Kamodzi ntchito pa mawonekedwe a zikakwaniritsidwa, mungathe kuyamba kukonzekera nthaka. Ngati mukufuna kuchoka midadada kuti amange mlatho maziko, m'pofunika kukonzekera dzenje, kuya umene ndi pafupifupi 1.5 mamita ndi chosonyeza wozungulira ndipo mkati. Ngati tikulankhula za maziko Mzere, muyenera kuchotsa pamwamba wosanjikiza dothi ndi kukumba ngalande izo zikanati onse kutchinga ndi masentimita angapo.

Kumanga maziko shedi, muyenera kukumbukira kuti akuya ngalande kudzadalira mtundu wa dothi. Ngati muli ndi ntchito sandstone, kumene kuya kwa aquifer kuposa 2 m, zidzakhala zokwanira kupita mwakuya ndi masentimita 40, nthawi zina onse, chizindikiro ichi ayenera ziwonjezeke.

Technology ntchito

Mfundo zimene tatchulazi ndi kukonzekera mu chikhalidwe, pamene sitepe yotsatira adzakhala nyumba zazikulu, kumene muyenera kutenga udindo. Kumanga maziko wokhetsedwa wa midadada, muli kulumikiza zinthu pamodzi ndi simenti matope, amene anatseka pamaso atagona.

Pa ntchito njira sangakhoze kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi, monga uyu akhoza kuchepetsa kukhudzana. Midadada adzaikidwe limodzi pamwamba pa ena, ntchito mfundo ya njerwa. Choncho zolakwika mu osiyanasiyana 15 mamilimita 10 m. Onse matabwa ndi mfundo ndizodzazidwa ndi yankho kuthetsa mipata.

Features ntchito yomanga mlatho maziko

Ngati mwaganiza kumanga maziko a okhetsedwa kwa midadada ndi manja ake, ndiye maziko a ntchito angagone columnar m'munsi yomanga luso. Pankhaniyi, kapangidwe adzakhala motere: matebulo zofunika nakumba pansi ndi ili wozungulira ndipo mkati Kamangidwe. Gwiritsani mtundu uwu maziko kungakhale kwa nyumba kuwala pano pazikhalanso osati cabins, komanso:

• Matabwa kusamba;
• zing'onozing'ono;
• mosungira.

Yomanga imeneyi maziko pansi shedi zichitike tsiku limodzi chabe. Pamodzi ndi kukafika kutsogolo kwa kumanga mu dzenje okonzeka ayenera kukhazikitsa makabati, kutalika umene ndi pafupifupi 40 cm. Chiwerengero chawo zimadalira kulemera ndi kukula kwa cabins lapansi. Komabe, m'pofunika kukonzekera dzenje pamaso khazikitsa zipilala. pansi awo wasindikizidwa ndi chida chapadera kapena ndodo yaitali. Komanso anatsanulira miyala, wosanjikiza uyu ayenera makulidwe mu uthunthu wa masentimita 10 mpaka 12. The wosanjikiza lotsatira lidzakhala mchenga, ndi makulidwe a maphunziro amenewa akhoza kukhala wolingana ndi malire a masentimita 5 mpaka 7.

The ntchito njira

Cinayandama pambuyo unsembe akhoza chitani mzere woyamba. zinthu amakondana pamodzi ndi simenti simenti. Kulera chipika maziko pansi okhetsedwa, muyenera kukumbukira kuti thandizo muyenera kuima pa mlingo. Ngati ife kuvomereza inaccuracy pang'ono, zimenezi zingapangitse kuti kuwapotoza, amene adzakonza mabvuto ndithu. Choncho, maziko kumanga mlatho m'pofunika kuti aziona mlingo wa chisanadze anakoka pakati pa miyendo ya chingwecho.

Kumangidwa kwa Mzere maziko

Mzere maziko a midadada idzakhala cholimba. Ndi tepi, umene udzakhazikitsidwe pansi zinthu mwankhanza. Ntchito bwino kuposa midadada ena abwino dongo kukodzedwa, chifukwa ndi opepuka kuposa konkire. Komanso, khazikitsa mankhwala amenewa N'zosavuta. kulemera ndi makilogalamu 30 okha.

Kumangidwa kwa Mzere maziko ikuchitika ndi chiwembu pamwambapa anafotokoza Komabe, sefa PAD a mwala wosweka ndi mchenga aikidwa mu ngalande. Pakuti mzere pansi ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pilo midadada, ndipo chitani unsembe wawo n'kofunika pa ngodya ndi malo komwe makoma intersect. Pambuyo ogwiritsa ngodya midadada onani malo awo zolondola pogwiritsa ntchito mlingo mzimu, mukhoza chitani pokhapokha stowage, motsogozedwa ndi chingwe anatambasula pakati midadada choyamba.

Pambuyo unsembe wa mzere m'munsi ayenera kuika kumatira wosanjikiza kuti amakonda malowedwe a chinyontho mu nkhaniyo. Ngati inu mungakweze funso bwanji kuti maziko okhetsedwa ndi manja ake, nkofunika kukumbukira kuti mothandizidwa ndi zikhomo zitsulo tisaiwale chipinda zinthu yowunikira mpanda wa mzere wachiwiri. Mzere pansi ali ndi matope simenti, pambuyo unsembe akhoza chitani mzere wotsatira wa atilakwira.

Grounds kwa cabins matayala

Kapenanso mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito maziko a tayala. Mu gawo loyamba la zomangamanga imayeretsedwa miyala ndi zinyalala iye anakumba dzenje, muyenera kuganizira padding ngalande masentimita 20 mbali iliyonse. Tifufuze bwino 30 cm, koma mtengo chomaliza zimadalira choyambira kudzaza.

Ngati inu mungakweze funso mmene kuchita maziko pansi wokhetsedwa wa tayala, ndikofunika kutsatira njira. Mu sitepe yotsatira kumafunikanso kukhazikika ndipo compaction ya pansi ngalande. Kenako, muyenera kukonzekera matayala, kuyika munthu pa pansi pa dzenje. Iwo adzaikidwe ku kumbuyo, kufanana kwa ndege pansi. Danga mkati tayala ladzala ndi nkhondo njerwa, mchenga, dziko lapansi ndi makhalidwe. Pakati pa mlengalenga tayala ladzala ndi mfundo zofanana. Gulu embankment ayenera pabwino kuti matayala inakhala zophimbidwa.

Kutiyesa maziko wokhetsedwa wa tayala, muyenera kukonzekera pansi chifukwa kudzaza. Sitepe yoyamba ndi zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo mapepala denga zakuthupi, amene adzatumikira monga kumatira. Ndiye inu mukhoza chitani unsembe wa formwork. Chifukwa chaichi, bolodi ndi bolodi. formwork kuti anaika kuti alandire slab monolithic konkire, kutumikira monga pamwamba pa maziko.

Kapangidwe winanso wosonyeza, ntchito mauna ichi chitsulo kapena njira. Lembani mu njira mwachizolowezi, kumene ayenera anawonjezera plasticizer. Izi kuteteza akulimbana ndi zisamayoyoke. Grouted yokutidwa ndi nsalu, amene ayenera ankawaviika amoniya, kuti adzapulumutsa nthawi kuyanika. maziko kotereku pansi shedi yatsala pa sabata kwa kuchiritsa, ndiponso kudalirika. Ndiye, formwork akhoza ankaiphwasula. Nkofunika kusunga kudzazidwa tsogolo mbale yopingasa pamwamba. Kuti muone Choncho, ntchito mlingo nyumbayi.

Pomaliza

maziko amagwira ntchito monga maziko a dongosolo lililonse. Mangani icho kuchokera ku zipangizo zatsopano nyumba - kusangalala si wotsika mtengo, kotero ambuye zoweta anayamba kufunafuna njira mtengo wotsika. Maziko shedi N'kutheka kumanga kwa matayala. Njira imeneyi ndi yosafuna ndi zovuta kuzitsatira. Mbali yapadera ya mamangidwe imalimbikitsa kuti ndondomeko unsembe sizikutanthauza pamaso pa mbuye wa luso ndi zinachitikira.

Njira imeneyi si oyenera kwake, komanso osambira, gazebos, outbuildings, mosungira, limatifotokozera ndi coops nkhuku. Pankhaniyi, pa nthawi mukhoza kuthetsa mavuto awiri mwakamodzi: kumanga wangwiro ndi yotchipa maziko, komanso kutaya matayala ntchito.