Galimoto kuwotcherera inverter. Chojambula chithunzi cha inverter wa kuwotcherera wa

Nkhaniyi tidzakambirana chiwembu tingachipeze powerenga za inverter kuwotcherera. Pakali pano, iwo ali otchuka kwambiri, mtengo ndatopa iwo alipo. Ali kwambiri makhalidwe abwino, monga chomasuka ntchito ndi otsika kulemera. Koma, ngati zipangizo zina zamagetsi, kuwotcherera makina akhoza kuonongeka. Ndipo kuti achite kukonza quality, m'pofunika osachepera mawu ambiri, ndi lingaliro la matabwa ake, zimene zimapanga wapangidwa ndi dera la inverter. Popanda sadzatha kukonza svarochniki mu chiwembu amene amagwiritsa inverter tiransifoma. Choncho, muyenera kuphunzira zambiri za chiphunzitso za chipangizo ichi.

zokhuza zida za inverter

Ndipotu, wagawo mphamvu, opaleshoni mfundo zake ndi yofanana ndi ntchito makompyuta. Kutembenuka mphamvu magetsi limapezeka pa mfundo yomweyo, ngakhale mfundo yakuti kukula ndi ntchito ya zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Pali zinthu zingapo zimene zimachitika mu inverter ndi kuwotcherera. Choyamba pali alternating voteji kusintha omwe umaperekedwa pa mzere 220 mu DC. Za momwe izi zimachitika, mudzaphunzila pang'ono pansipa, komanso zikusonyeza dera chithunzi cha inverter ndi kuwotcherera.

Ndiye akatembenuka voteji izi zimachitika mu variable, koma ndi pafupipafupi apamwamba. Inu mukudziwa kuti mains panopa pafupipafupi 50 Hz. The inverter kuwotcherera zida ndi ponso 80 Hz tysyach. Ndiye m'pofunika kuchepetsa phindu voteji pa pafupipafupi mkulu. Pa sitepe otsiriza kusintha kwa voteji otsika ndi pafupipafupi pafupifupi 80 Hz tysyach. Mwachidule izi ndi zoona, masiteji onse lingathetsedwe pansi m'zigawo zing'onozing'ono. Koma kumvetsa mfundo ya kugwira ntchito zokwanira.

Potero kuchepetsa kulemera kwa makina kuwotcherera

Tsopano, chifukwa chake anasankhidwa dera ndi mtundu inverter. Yang'anani kwa makina kuwotcherera omwe ntchito poyamba, kuphatikizapo panokha. cholinga chawo chachikulu - kuchepetsa AC voteji kuti umaperekedwa kwa banja kubwereketsa magetsi ndi phindu otetezedwa, koma ndi lalikulu panopa sekondale. Pachifukwa ichi, Woyambirira kumulowetsa ndi chilonda n'kakang'ono waya kuposa sekondale. The makulidwe a waya zimadalira mmene panopa inu mu kumulowetsa. Pansipa pali chithunzi chojambula wa inverter ndi kuwotcherera nkhaniyi. Mosamala izo, kuti ali ndi lingaliro la zimene zimapanga kulowa. Kuwotcherera zina zimene mumafuna amperes mazana angapo. Chifukwa chakuti mphamvu ya tiransifoma amenewa ndi apamwamba kwambiri, koma ntchito kokha pamene pafupipafupi panopa 50 Hz, kuwonjezera, ali ndi chachikulu kwambiri. Monga momwe mukuonera, pafupipafupi athandizira ndi linanena bungwe panopa ali yemweyo. M'mawu ena, ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito yaikulu kumulowetsa 50 Hz, yachiwiri kuchotsa magetsi ndi magawo chomwecho.

Pafupipafupi zikugwira ntchito ya inverter ndi

Koma tsopano chifukwa cha makina inverter kuwotcherera, amene kumawonjezera pafupipafupi opaleshoni pa dongosolo la eyite zikwi hedzi, ndi zina zipangizo ndi zina, akhoza kukhala nthawi zambiri kuchepetsa kukula kwa tiransifoma, amene ntchito mu kutembenuka kwa panopa magetsi. Ngati inu kuwonjezera pafupipafupi opaleshoni, ndi thiransifoma zikhoza kuchepetsedwa nthaŵi zinayi. Choncho, kulemera okwana svarochnika onse adzakhala ochepa. Mtengo mtengo wa chipangizo chimenechi yafupika, popeza pali kupulumutsiramo iwo a mkuwa ndi chitsulo, amene ntchito mu kupanga tiransifoma. Koma kuti pafupipafupi amenewa, muyenera kugwiritsa inverter madera. Iwo amakhala ndi mkulu-mphamvu transistors kunja mmene ntchito mode kiyi. Ndi thandizo lawo, panopa ndi anazimitsa ku pafupipafupi chofunika ntchito. Chonde dziwani kuti ntchito zitha FET pa voteji zonse. Dziwani kuti "Resanta" chiwembu kuwotcherera inverter ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi mawu amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zipangizo zina.

Mfundo zikugwira ntchito ya rectifier ndi

Choncho, musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa iwo, m'pofunika kuwongola panopa ukubwera. Chifukwa chaichi ndi rectifier, mmene diodes zamphamvu. N'zokhudza mu dera mlatho. Kenako pa cutoff variable chigawo ntchito capacitors electrolytic. Izi zimachitika pa gawo loyamba kutembenuka. transistors Field zotsatira olumikiza thiransifoma lapansi. Mothandizidwa analandira voteji m'munsi. Monga tanena transistors izi kubala kusinthitsa panopa pa pafupipafupi ndi zina ngakhale oposa 80 tysyach Hz. Zikuonekeratu kuti thiransifoma ayenera komanso kutikonza ntchito pa magawo awa. Makulidwe chipangizo ang'ono kwambiri, sangafanane ndi anthu ntchito makina ochiritsira thiransifoma kuwotcherera. Koma mphamvu ali yemweyo. Zikuonekeratu kuti pali zambiri zinthu zosiyana ofunika ntchito khola la makina kuwotcherera. Ndipo tsopano mwatsatanetsatane za mmene chipika cha inverter ochiritsira kuwotcherera. Iwo ali mbali ziwiri zazikulu - mphamvu ndi ulamuliro dera.

siteji rectifier

Izi chipika amapezeka AC kutembenuka yomwe imachokera ku maukonde 220 volts. Mu izo, pali zingapo michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi diodes ndi mphamvu yapamwamba, komanso capacitors electrolytic ndi inductor. Izi zolumukizidwa amapereka zimene alternating panopa ndi pafupipafupi opaleshoni 50 Hz amakhala nthawi zonse. Capacitors zofunika kudula mbali variable, limene mpaka pano mu voteji kudzatha. Chonde dziwani kuti pali zingapo zimene mungachite kuti kuthetsa ndi voteji madera. Ngati kugwirizana ayenera kukhala ndi maukonde atatu gawo, dera chithunzi cha diodes michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi adzakhala yosiyaniranapo. Choncho m'pofunika kudziwa kuti zimene muyenera inverter dera kuwotcherera. Ndi manja awo, chipangizo akhoza anasonkhana chabe.

Zosefera

Dziwani kuti pafupifupi theka kuwonjezeka voteji pambuyo umapita ku sefa, anasonkhana pa capacitors electrolytic. M'mawu ena, ngati pali mains kotunga volts 220, ndiye malo capacitor, ngati inu kupanga muyeso, ndi 310 V. Kuti kutsegula ripple panopa kupewa phokoso aliyense mkulu-pafupipafupi, komanso kuti musakodwe awo mu mphamvu gululi, m'pofunika kukhazikitsa fyuluta wapadera. Kawirikawiri ati fulumizitsa kuti chilonda pa mphete pakati ndi dera kumaphatikizapo capacitors angapo.

siteji inverter

Kawirikawiri, chifukwa kukhazikitsa inverter ndi ntchito ziwiri transistors mphamvu pozigwiritsa ntchito mode kiyi. Dziwani kuti iwo adzakhala wokwera pa zotayidwa koziziritsira. Komanso pali zina amakakamizidwa kuzirala ndi fani. Chifukwa cha transistors awa akhoza kugwirizana DC voteji, limene kudyetsedwa kwa munthu zimachitika thiransifoma. Komanso, kusinthitsa amapezeka ndi pafupipafupi pafupifupi 80 kHz. Koma pali kusiyana pa alternating panopa amene amatuluka ndi zitsulo mphamvu m'banja. Choyamba, mtengo pafupipafupi maulendo wuchuluka chimaposa izo. Kachiwiri zimachitika mawonekedwe a voteji alternating amene kwaiye FETs amakona anayi m'malo sinusoid a. Kuteteza transistors ku overvoltage kwambiri, m'pofunika ntchito dera ongokhala resistors ndi capacitors. Tikumbukenso kuti dera chithunzi cha inverter wa kuwotcherera si popanda zinthu zimenezo.

RF thiransifoma

Mkulu-pafupipafupi thiransifoma, kumene voteji ku transistors zikugwira ntchito mu mode kusinthitsa, motero kuchepetsa phindu lake kuti volts 65 pa avareji. Koma panopa angakhale pa dongosolo la 130 A. N'zotheka ngakhale kudzatunga ndi fanizo la poyatsira koyilo, amene ntchito magalimoto. The kuwotcherera inverters ku pulayimale kumulowetsa wa voteji mkulu, koma panopa ali wochepa kwambiri. Iwo atachotsedwa yachiwiri akutsirizika voteji kuti mtengo wotsika, koma panopa ndi kuchuluka. Chonde dziwani kuti koyilo galimoto poyatsira ntchito mfundo iwowo. Yemwe ndi otsika voteji lalikulu panopa umaperekedwa kwa choyambirira kumulowetsa. A atachotsedwa yachiwiri mkulu voteji, koma ndi phindu ang'onoang'ono panopa.

The rectifier linanena bungwe

Koma m'pofunika kuti ndione zimene zigawo zikuluzikulu za patsogolo imelo. kuwotcherera inverter dera. Pa linanena bungwe la rectifier nazonso anapereka, amene Akusonkhanitsa kwa mkulu-mphamvu diodes michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi. Iwo ndi apamwamba kwambiri liwiro, iwo kutsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa nthawi, zomwe ndi zochepa kwambiri kuposa 50 nanoseconds. Onani kamangidwe ka inverters kuwotcherera kuti ayenera kunyamula zinthu michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi mu njira yakuti iwo kukwaniritsa magawo a ntchito. Zambiri diodes sadzakhala kupirira ntchito, monga iwo sadzatha kutsegula ndi pafupi m'nthawi yake. Nthawi yomweyo anayamba Kutentha zimabwezera, chotero, kulephera. Pachifukwa ichi, kapangidwe kapena kuikidwa kukonza ndi kubala diodes, amene yochepa kwambiri nthawi kusinthitsa.