Gentian: kubzala ndi chisamaliro. Kodi kukula gentian munda

Gentian sanabadwe chitakhazikitsidwa mwa alimi athu monga otchuka mabedi yokongola maluwa. Ndi wokongola n'kovuta kupeza mu masiku ano munda kutsogolo. Komabe, zomera ndi mokondera anachepetsa.

Gentian. mbali

Izi ndi otsika kapena sing'anga kutalika therere ndi maluwa lalikulu, kufupi kwambiri kwa wina ndi mzake, kupanga Choncho maluwa mtambo. Gentian mbewu anabwera kwa ife kuchokera kuthengo. N'changwiro zokongoletsa mabedi maluwa, edging dongosolo maluwa, komanso kwa kukulitsa wa kumathandiza kuchepetsa. maluwa uyu wanyamula pa phale yaikulu ya buluu mithunzi. Palibe chomera sangathe kudzitama wa zochuluka pa buluu, wabuluu, wofiirira mitundu. Zosiyanasiyana gentian Pali 90 mayina, Pakati pali mitundu ina, monga woyera, pinki ndi chikasu.

zomera ndi phiri womera pamalo okwera kwambiri, kuyambira 1200 mpaka mamita 5000 pamwamba pa nyanja.

Gentian osiyana yaitali maluwa nyengo, limene limayamba m'chilimwe ndipo itha ya masika. Ndi zachilendo mu M'madera a zitunda osiyanasiyana Europe ndi Asia.

mitundu

Gentian zazikulu - iyi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu zazing'ono, kutalika osapitirira 7 cm, ndi masamba yopapatiza shiloobraznymi. Pali m'dima pakati pa duwa campanulate.

Gentiana macrophylla - ndi nthawi ya kukula sing'anga, kufika masentimita 10 kutalika, ndi chowulungika masamba obiriwira kapena wofiirira. Pamwamba pa tsinde kwa izo lagawidwa zidutswa zingapo, akupereka zambiri zazikulu zamaluwa misa. Bud iyoyomwe belu woboola pakati pinki ndi mdima mikwingwirima wofiira. Izi zosiyanasiyana gentian kuzindikira maluwa awo kuchokera September mpaka kumapeto kwa October.

Gentian Sino chokongoletsedwa - izi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ikuluikulu, kufika masentimita 15 kutalika, ndi yopapatiza, masamba choboolera woboola pakati, wowala ndiponso yomveka bwino milozo maluwa. Mtundu zitsulo akhoza kukhala wowala woyera woongoka buluu. Ndi mitundu kale kuti amasangalala maluwa awo kuchokera May kwa August.

Gentian Arethusa zofanana kwambiri ndi mtundu tafotokozazi, zosiyana, phale la maluwa, chimene chiri wotumbululuka kapena olemera wofiirira ndi mdima gulu pansi. zosiyanasiyana Izi ndi mochedwa-kuchokera August kwa October.

Gentian capitatum - ichi ndi mitundu ikuluikulu kwambiri, kufika masentimita 30 kutalika, ndi pinki-wofiirira pamakhala amene lili chitsanzo padziko m'mphepete ndi pansi. Maluwa kumachitika September ndi October.

Yellow gentian - mitundu kwambiri mankhwala si kukongoletsa kwambiri katundu.

Gentian pinki-flowered. Wina oimira zikuluzikulu za masentimita 50 a zomera, maluwa pinki, mbeta, lalikulu kwambiri, m'mphepete mwa pamakhala losongoka. Ndi ozizira zosagwira chikhalidwe, amene limamasula kuchokera October mpaka chisanu.

Gentian chernolistnaya - mitundu yaing'ono. Maluwa lalikulu, yowala buluu, tizinthu ndi madontho woyera. Izo limamasula mu autumn, mu September ndi October.

Gentian oipa. The Mwachitsanzo akuluakulu, kufika masentimita 50 kutalika, ndi maluwa wotumbululuka Lilac. maluwa nyengo - kuchokera August kwa mochedwa October.

Gentian. Kubzala ndi Care

zomera ndi zovuta kukula, pamafunika kusankha zinthu zapadera. Ngakhale ndi kukongoletsa maonekedwe ake apadera, yosowa kwambiri minda yathu zomera monga gentian. Kubzala ndi kusamalira izo ndi zovuta ndithu.

Njira aliyense zosiyanasiyana gentian ndi yosiyana. Malingana ndi kumene ilo limakula kuthengo akhoza kukhala kuwala zofuna ankaona malo dzuwa, ndi mthunzi wachikondi, osati kubweretsa kuwala. Koma monga ulamuliro, malo abwino kuziika ndi kumadzulo ndi penumbra kuwala. Komanso, ngakhale kuti gentian - phiri zomera, izo salola atayanika kunja ndi Amasintha bwino m'madera chinyezi mkulu Mwachitsanzo, malo achilengedwe kapena yokumba.

kubalana

Mukhozanso kukumana ndi mavuto ndi kusankha nthaka. Gentian wakonda pamaso pa miyala mu nthaka, komanso kufunika kuonetsetsa kuti m'dziko anali mosavuta permeable, ngati chomera salola madzi stagnation.

Zimafalitsidwa kugawa chitsamba, cuttings kapena kubzalidwa mbewu ndi mbewu monga gentian. Kubzala ndi kusamalira mbewu akufunika. Gentian panopa ku mbewu ndi zovuta, chifukwa mbewu ndi ochepa, ndi chitukuko amafuna lonyowa zinthu bwino mpweya wokwanira pa kutentha 7 madigiri Celsius. Iwo okha kumera mu miyezi 1-3. Ngati nthawi imeneyi kutentha limatuluka ndithu, mbande akhoza kufa. Pakuti kumera wa mbewu zimafuna dothi wapangidwa mchenga ndi peat mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 1. mbewu musati kuwaza nthaka ndi madzi okha, chifukwa chimene amizidwa wosanjikiza dothi.

Gentian zosavuta kubalana ikuchitika ndi kugawa chitsamba m'dzinja. Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti ayenera kusunga lapansi kathakal, pamodzi ndi dongosolo chomera mizu. Choncho ndi bwino mizu ndi simufa.

Features

zomera ndi maluwa mankhwala. Gentian chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu maphikidwe kwa mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri zimagwirira ntchito mu chikhalidwe Chinese ndi Indian.

Pa nthawi, m'mayiko ambiri, komanso mu Russia, gentian m'gulu pangozi, chifukwa anawononga zedi yaikulu ya cholinga cha ntchito mankhwala.

mankhwala

Gentian muli zambiri glycosides - zinthu zowawa, ndithu kulimbikitsa kugwira ntchito pa mundawo m'mimba, komanso kupeleka kanthu antispasmodic. Mbali pansi ntchito pa matenda a gastritis ndi matenda a m'matumbo. Wofunika kwambiri makhalidwe amenewa chikasu gentian.

Chomera mizu ndi zimalimbikitsa ngakhalenso mitundu yambiri ya glycosides owawa, monga amarosverin, gentsiopikrin ndi ena. alkaloids izi zimathandiza kuti yimitsira wa kutsokomola, khunyu zosiyanasiyana, kuchepetsa kutentha thupi, ndi odana ndi yotupa kanthu.

Gentian chifukwa okhutira mkulu wa alkaloids zosiyanasiyana ndi zidulo ntchito ngati decoctions zochepetsera matenda a thirakiti m'mimba, ndulu ndi chiwindi. Ndiponso lili ndi zotsatira antifungal ndi thandizo pa matenda a nyamakazi, gout, kutentha, kudzimbidwa ndi chiseyeye.

Zokongola ndi zothandiza maluwa gentian. Kubzala ndi chisamaliro akhoza kukhala lachinyengo, koma mbewu ndi mankhwala, ndi kuzindikira kukongoletsa ake. Sindikukana nokha zosangalatsa zomera gentian m'munda anu, monga maluwa kukongola mosavuta cholakwika khama.