Hesse, "Demian": Mwachidule

Hermann Hesse - amadziwika German-Swiss wolemba, wopambana wa Nobel Prize chifukwa Literature mu 1946. ntchito zake wotchuka - buku "Steppenwolf," The Glass mkanda Game "," Siddhartha ". Komabe, kuti timvetse mozama za wolemba, m'pofunika kupita ku magwero, ntchito oyambirira Hesse." Damien "- buku, analengedwa mu 1919 pansi pa pseudonym Koma. ndi uko ndi zoyambira za ambiri mwa malingaliro ndi njira amene kenako akuyendera ntchito zambiri odziwika a Hesse.

Classic mabuku German

Hermann Hesse anabadwa mu Tawuni ya Calw mu 1877. Makolo ake anali amishonale. agogo akuchikazi ankakonda zamulungu, ndi atate wake, Johannes Hesse, anayenda ndi ntchito mmishonale kwa India, ndipo, kubwerera ku German Ufumu, anakumana mkazi wakeyu pa yofalitsa Gundert.

Herman anali mwana wachiwiri m'banja. Woyamba anafika kuyatsa mlongo wake Adele mu 1875. Marullo anali wamng'ono ndi Hans.

Banja Hesse nakulitsa pietism. Izi dera la Lutheran lagona pa kupembedza zikuluzikulu zonse mwachindunji kukhudzana ndi Mulungu, komanso mphamvu ya kulamulira zonse pa moyo apamwamba luntha lanu.

Mu 1881 anasamukira ku Switzerland, banja Hesse a ( "Demian" patapita olembedwa m'dziko lomwelo). Mu Basel, Herman akulowa sukulu ya amishonale. Kuyambira ali aang'ono onse taonera talente yake - ndi kufuna kupenta ndi kusewera zida zoimbira. Mu sukulu, amathera woyamba zatsopano zolembalemba. Kanali koyamba Hesse, amene amadziwika ena - nthano, "Abale Awiri", analemba kuti mlongo wamng'ono mu zaka khumi.

Mu 1886 Hesse anabwerera Calw, ndi Herman anapitiriza maphunziro ake ku seminare pa obisika a. Iye ambuye zinenero zakale, kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane Uthenga, analemba ndakatulo choyamba. Patapita ya zochitika za nyengo ino anayamba kukhulupirira buku "Pansi pa thambo Wheel". Ofufuza ambiri chake mukukhulupirira autobiographical wake.

mavuto a m'maganizo

Woyamba kwambiri German moyo likusoŵa kumbuyo mu 1892, pamene anali ndi zaka 15 zokha. Iye akuchoka kunyumba sukulu, ndipo tsiku lotsatira anzanga ndi aphunzitsi tikumupeza iye m'tulo haystack a. Iye amayamba kuona akumukana ambiri mwa akulu ndi anzake.

M'kupita Hesse masamba agulupa n'kuyesa kuphunzira Boll mu Baden-Württemberg. Komabe, chikhalidwe chake likuipiraipira, ndipo patapita kudzipha analephera pofuna makolo kutumiza ku chipatala Psychiatric Germana Gesse. "Demian", mwachidule zomwe kwakukulukulu ndiyo mavuto ofanana la ngwazi, ndi inunso mwina autobiographical ntchito.

Pofuna kuphunzira pa sukulu ndipo ali anakhala kuphunzira typographer, Herman anapita kukagwira ntchito mu mmishonale yofalitsa, amene anali agogo ake.

buku loyamba

Kenako, Hesse zimayesetsa kudzipatsa maphunziro. Mu 1899, pa udachita ndi mtsogolo ndalama, anafalitsa buku lake loyamba, "Achikondi Songs". Patapita - gulu lanyimbo lalifupi "Ora pakati pa usiku." Komabe, mabuku ndi anthu ambiri ndipo anagulitsidwa bwino.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, ntchito zake kukhala akulu msinkhu. Kudziwika pakati pa German kuwerenga anthu amalandira kudzera buku "Peter Camenzind", lofalitsidwa mu Berlin yofalitsa. Kuwonjezera kutchuka ndi ndalama lalikulu limene analola kuganizira mabuku.

Chikondi ndi nkhondo

Mu Basel, Switzerland Hesse anakumana ndi Maria Bernoulli. Mu 1904, okonda ndi ulendo Italy, ndipo kenaka ganizirani kukwatiwa.

Chimwemwe m'banja kumatenga za zaka 10. mavuto akuyamba mu 1914. Ndi pamene nkhondo yoyamba ya World anawonjezera kuti imfa ya atate ake, Hesse ndi matenda mkazi wake. Chifukwa cha zinthu zimenezi, chikhalidwe cha m'maganizo a wolembayo likuipiraipira kachiwiri. Ndipo potsiriza iwo akutsutsana ndi mkazi wake. Hesse potsiriza akatunge chisudzulo mu 1919.

nkhondo wakhala wogawanika lonse la Europe m'magulu awiri, kuphatikizapo iye adakhuya ndi Switzerland, kumene adakhala mlendo, Hesse. Iye amayesa kulemba kutsogolo, koma iye anapeza osayenera utumiki.

Ankadziwa Lang

zochitika zimene tanena kumawonjezera maganizo a prose, ndipo aganiza amanena kuti akatswiri. Mu 1916, ku Lucerne, anakumana ndi Dr. Yozefom Langom. M'chaka ndi theka zapita naye 60 magawo a psychoanalysis.

Lang anadzakhala mnzake wapamtima wa Herman. Mu ntchito zambiri, dokotala anaganiza otchulidwa zinachitika.

Mu 1919 makope buku latsopano Hesse - "Damien". bukuli lalembedwa ndi pseudonym ake - pa nthawi imafalitsidwa pansi pa dzina la Emil Sinclair.

Dzina lake lonse ntchito "Damien, kapena mbiri za unyamata." Hesse kubisala kwa aliyense kuti ndi mlembi wake. Wosindikiza amalowerera kutsimikizira kuti wapanga mnyamata aspiring wolemba, amene anafunsa Hesse kufalitsa buku asanafe.

Only mu 1920, iye anazindikira kuti analembedwa Hesse. "Demian" amadza ndi subtitle "Mbiri ya ubwana Emilya Sinklera, lolembedwa ndi Germanom Gesse."

History Emil

Roman Gesse "Demian" - ndi nkhani ya kukula ndiponso kufunafuna wauzimu wa ngwazi wa. Emil Sinkler - mnyamata amene akuyesetsa kupeza mavuto awo a m'maganizo, ndi njira m'magazini ino kuchokera phiphiritso la view. ofufuza ambiri amayerekeza buku limodzi la ntchito otchuka Goethe - "Zingwe za Young Werther".

Childhood ndi unyamata ya mnyamata Emile anafotokoza mu ntchito ya Hesse "Demian". chiwembu limafotokoza nkhani ya ndikuchilakalaka ngwazi ya. Ngakhale mu zaka khumi, mwana kuonera akulu kudziletsa chinyezimiritso. Ndi sitepe iliyonse, amamva chikhulupiriro, khalidwe lake kunadetsa kupeza mphamvu.

Chitachitika

Kuyambira ali wakhanda, Emil akuona kuti akukhala mu maiko awiri. Mmodzi - wochezeka, ofunda ndi momveka, amene ankafuna mphamvu mwamuna ndi kukongola wamkazi. The chachiwiri - mdima, choletsedwa ndi zoipa, koma chidwi ndi wokongola.

Kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi, anakumana ndi mnyamata mkulu Frantsem Kromerom, wovutitsa ndi wonyenga. Kuti ayambe kumukhulupirira wake ndi kukhala lanu mu khamu, Emil invents nkhani za kuti ndi abwenzi posachedwapa mundilanda maapulo, kupha matumba awiri a zipatso zabwino. Komabe, bodza wosatenga chifukwa ankafuna. Cromer anayamba blackmailing Emile ndi choti kulipira, motero kusonyeza nkhani kuti mwini munda, umene kale kufunafuna akuba, ngakhalenso madalitso zopangidwa ndi awiri.

Emil akuswa mwini Piggy banki ndipo amanyamula ndalama zonse zimene anali nazo, ndalama zake zonse, koma palibe anafika ndi mtundu womwewo. Franz akukana kuvomereza makobidi ndi chokha amafuna kobiri yonsene. Iye anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane mavuto Emil mu ntchito yake German Gesse "Demian". Chidule limatiuza kuti Emil akaona njira yokhayo yotulukira - kuba ndalama kwa makolo awo. Abera ndalama ndipo akuona ngati koposa kumizidwa mu dziko mdima. zoopsa ndi nkhawa zake zonse, likupitirirabe otsekedwa ndi kutsekedwa.

Kaini

Kutchula wachiwiri, dziko choletsedwacho ndi latsopano wophunzira wa sukulu ya Emile, dzina lake akubweretsa chamutu Hesse - Demian. Buku limatiuza kuti maonekedwe ake ndi chidwi chachikulu m'kalasi onse. Akuoneka kuti iwo wanzeru, wokhwima, okhwima kuposa anzawo.

Pamene anali kuyenda Demian limatiuza Emil kutanthauzira mwini nthano ya m'Baibulo ya Kaini ndi Abele. Chidwi vzgyad pa nkhani imeneyi amapereka, mu ntchito yake German Gesse "Demian". Akugwira mawu pambuyo amasulidwe buku anapita okonda mabuku, ankanena kuti Kaini - munthu wolemekezeka, ndi Abel - wamantha. Malinga Damien, kumayambiriro kwa nkhani lonse Mata kuti anali Kaini. Wosaoneka, koma anthu onse padziko anaona kuti anali wamphamvu, wodzidalira, wolimba mtima iwo. Kufotokoza izo iwo akanangokhoza zopeka nkhani m'bale wake.

Pa msonkhano wachiwiri Damian amayesetsa Emile kuwerenga malingaliro awo luso. Iye zopeka kuti Sinclair ndi mchikakamizo cha France, koma wamaliza kuti akhulupirire kuti mavuto amenewa si kanthu. Emil akuthamanga mu euphoria, koma sangathe sangamuyamike Demian. M'malo mwake, iye akuthamanga maganizo wina, sachoka dziko la makolo ake ndi kunadetsa kusunthira kutali ndi mabwenzi sukulu.

zaka womangika

Zovuta zinachitikira mwana limafotokoza buku lake Hesse "Demian". The zilembo zazikulu kugwera mu msinkhu. Emil amaona kuti kusintha, koma zimachitika iwo kudziko lamdima ndi zoipa. zokhumba zawo ndi zikhumbo kubisa kukhala kovuta.

Pa malo zalimbitsa ubwenzi ndi Demian. Emile amaona mwa iye mzimu umodzi wapfuko limodzi. Sinclair chidwi makamaka ndi mwayi Demian kuti azilamulira anthu ndi Kumvetsela iwo chifuniro chake.

Iye ali makamaka lake view wa chipembedzo. Malinga ndi iye, Mulungu m'Baibulo - ungwiro ndi mdima-witted khalidwe chifukwa akuimira theka wabwino wa dziko. Pamene lachiwiri, theka zoipa, akuimira mdierekezi.

Emil pafupi mfundo imeneyi, popeza akuona kutsutsana pa zolengedwa, pozindikira tsopano kuti si nkhondo lake lenileni ndi vuto la anthu onse.

Mfundo atsogolera owerenga ndi Hesse. "Demian" amene zili akuganizira maganizo a wolemba ananena kuti aliyense payekhapayekha kusankha zimene ali ololedwa ndi zimene ndikoletsedwa. Kutsatira malamulo awo ndipo osayang'ana pa anthu ena, ngakhale kuyang'ana pa lamulo.

Beatrice

The Emil 16 zaka amapita kukaphunzira ku sukulu yogonera komweko. Ndi mnzanga, Alfons Beck, mkulu ambiri mwa anzake kusukulu, choyamba amaphunzira kwa iyeyekha tchimo lina - kumwa.

Pankhaniyi, Sinclair apitiriza kukhala okayikira. Pa dzanja limodzi, iye amazindikira kuti ndi kumizidwa m'dziko lapansi mdima, pa zina - amafuna kuwala ndi chikondi chenicheni.

Inasintha nkhondo amakhala msonkhano ndi mtsikana, Beatrice. Komabe, fano la ndi zopeka. Ngakhale popanda kuwerenga Dante, Emil amaphunzira ake English kupenta zokoperazo, umene nthawi anatenga. Iye akuyamba kuthera zokonzeka abwino zithunzi. "Демиан" Герман Гессе. Panonso pali buku zodabwitsa "Demian" Hermann Hesse. The zili zojambula izi zikusonyeza kuti mbali ya Beatrice zikuwoneka zofanana Damien. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti kwambiri kulakalaka mnzake.

mbalameyo osankhidwa chisa

Posachedwa Emil ndikupeza zinthu mu gawo lake ka pepala lomwe anali zovuta kuzimvetsa pa mawu kuwonana koyamba kuti mbalame amusankha kwa dzira, ndilo dziko. Ndipo ngati munthu akufuna kuti abadwe, muyenera dziko lino ndi kuwalola mbalame Mulungu - Abraxas.

Ichi mulungu Emil osadziwika Komabe, kale mu phunziro lotsatira iye akuzindikira kuti ndi khalidwe amene Chili Mulungu ndi chiyambi wamakani. Chidwi mu wosadziwika yomweyo lingathandize, koma kufufuza mu laibulale ndi kwachabe.

zinthu zimasintha pamene Emil akukumana limba Pistorius, amene kulambira mulungu izi. Iye anditsutsa Sinclair kudalira yekha pa maganizo awo, kusankha kuti n'zotheka mu dziko ili, ndi zimene ndikoletsedwa. Pistorius anakayikiranso wachikhristu.

Chiyambi cha mapeto

Nditamaliza sukulu yogonera komweko Emile akulowa yunivesite. Phunziro mwala watola kumacheza ndi iwo, chimene anali kufunafuna nzeru. Таким образом, госпожа Ева, Демиан и Синклер образуют гармоничное сообщество, которое чувствует себя соединенным законами Каина. Koma anakumana ndi mayi a Damien, amene aliyense adzaitana Madame Evoyu Choncho, MS Eva Damien Sinclair ndi kupanga gulu logwirizana kuti amamva chikugwirizana ndi malamulo a Kaini. Pamodzi, iwo ali okonzeka vuto lirilonse, ndi amazipotokola ndipo motsatana.

Emil Sinkler mwachidule nzeru zake zonse kukopa Hava, anagwa mchikondi, kwa iye, koma pa nthawi ino ya kusintha kwakukulu dziko umayambira. The First World nkhondo ... World, zonse zikuoneka kuti pang'ono kugwa. Axamwali payokha anatumiza kunkhondo.

Nthawi yotsiriza Emil ndi Damien anakumana naye kuchipatala usilikali. Demian zimamuthandiza kutsanzikana chipsompsono mayi ake, ndipo m'mawa kusiyiratu. Komabe, Emil ndi onse kuyambira wosinthika. Tsopano Damien akukhala gawo la ilo, ndipo iye wakonzeka kusankha ndi njira zawo.

Kapangidwe ndi ndemanga

Buku tichipeza oyendetsa mitu isanu, omwe amaperekedwa ndi chamutu a. Oyamba anafuna kuti owerenga akukhulupirira zimene Emile - munthu weniweni, mmodzi wa ife.

Nkhani mwa munthu woyamba, amene kamodzinso zimatsimikizira kuti mankhwala kukuchitika autobiographical.

Buku "Demian" Hesse analandira maganizo abwino omwe m'nthawi ndi owerenga panopa. Classic mabuku German Thomas Mann, makamaka, analemba kuti ntchito imeneyi pa iye ndi zosaiŵalika electrifying amadza.