Imamat - ndi boma Chisilamu

Imamah - ndi Chisilamu boma mapangidwe, mmene mphamvu kanthawi ndi mphamvu yauzimu ndi ogwirizana integrally, mosiyana caliphate kumene Amawapatula. Komanso mawu akutchulidwa chiphunzitso Muslim, kutanthauza ulamuliro wa m'deralo pa mbali zonse za anthu.

makhalidwe General

Mutu wa State ali kwambiri tanthauzo la chipembedzo. Iye amaona ngati mtsogoleri wauzimu ndi mtsogoleri wamkulu. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso Muslim, ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kukonzekera nzika za moyo wam'tsogolo. Imamate - andale ndi achipembedzo dongosolo, ozikidwa pa kuzindikira udindo wapadera wa wolamulira wamkulu. Iye mothandizana ndi wapadera woimira thupi, wotchedwa kama. Amakhala ndi anthu pafupi kwa kazembe, ntchito yake zimagwiritsa chenjezo. Cha kufunika otchuka osiyana wosanjikiza amene ali pafupi ndi mutu wake ndi odzipatuliradi kwa iye. Si ntchito yake, ndipo ankadziwa wapadera bungwe lachipembedzo Al Majlis Ulema.

kasamalidwe

Imamate - boma lomwe, ngakhale chikhalidwe lateokalaseli ali ang'ono mwachilungamo kusintha dongosolo kulamulira. Pamene wolamulira wamkulu ndi wapadera chenjezo thupi - ndi Majlis Al Shura. Komanso lofunika kwambiri amamuonera udindo wa vizier (kapena Naib), amene mitu ofesi yaikulu. ayenera kunena za dongosolo milandu. Amakhala m'njira ziwiri: makhoti Sharia ndi Anatsegula milandu asilikali. The woyamba zachokera lamulo muyezo dziko, kotero kuti oweruza ngati mkulu kulemera zokwanira anthu.

Features

Imamat - izo amenewa dongosolo limene chipembedzo n'chofunikira kwambiri. Wolamulira wa boma si mutu ndale ndi zinthu, amaona ndi anthu ndi dera mtsogoleri wauzimu ndi chipembedzo. Choncho, makhalidwe ake zili zofunika makamaka: pamaso pa Asilamu, iye ayenera kukhala oona mtima, wolemekezeka, anzeru, ayenera kuwadziwa bwino ziphunzitso. Ngakhale Caliph Mwachitsanzo, ndi nduna osankhidwa, ndipo amachita ndi ntchito yolembedwa. Pamene Boma Imamate kusamalira mwauzimu Asilamu mu Caliphate monga Komanso amagwira ntchito yolembedwa. Palinso kusiyana mu chiphunzitso cha wobisika Imam. Mbali yoyamba motsatira zikhulupiliro za Asilamu, kuti akhale wolamulira wamkulu, pamene ngati wachiwiri amaganiza kuti zidzatsatiridwa wachipembedzo, koma pa nthawi yomweyo kusungabe bungwe la boma la Sheikh-ul-Islam.

boma

Caucasus Imamate unalipo m'zaka za zana 19: kuyambira 1834 mpaka zaka 1859. A chofunika mapangidwe ake anali kayendedwe ka Imam Mysore, amene m'zaka yapita, nafuna ufulu wa m'deralo, anamenyana ndi feuds magazi ndi ang'onoang'ono kugawikana. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti Chirasha Caucasus nkhondo, ndipo ngakhale Imam wa analandidwa Komabe, mapiri anapambana kuyambira anapitiriza Chechen Gawo Dagestani. Koma patapita kanthawi, pambuyo tizigona, ndi dera wasankhidwa General Yermolov, zimene zinachititsa kuti kusiyana zina ndi maphwando kutsutsidwa. Ndiye, mapiri mu Union, chotero analengedwa boma Imamate. Shamil anali wolamulira wake wachitatu. Iye ndi olamulira yapita anachokera ngozi, ndi palokha latsopano maphunziro ndale m'gulu Chechen, Daghestani ndi minda Circassian.

chipangizo

Kupanga Imamate anali zotsatira za nkhondo ya mapiri ndi asilikali tsarist. pachimake ake anali Ngozi ndi Chechnya. Iwo unagawidwa patatu dazeni zigawo naibstv. chinenero chake boma anali Arabic. Komanso, mu boma panali malamulo - Nizam, yemwe anali pafupifupi onse muzochitika za moyo pagulu. Ndondomekozi zinali zochokera Sharia, ndi lamulo la zakakhalidwe, malamulo amene zagwiritsidwa zosowa za moyo wa mapangidwe latsopano ndale. Izi onena zachipatala malamulo Analeredwa ndi kuvomereza pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Imam Shamil. Wolamulira Wamkulu, Imam anali osati wauzimu ndi mutu wa chipembedzo, komanso mkulu wa asilikali ndi woweruza wamkulu. Pamene anali malangizo - Sofa - koma mwachindunji pansi ukulamulidwa kudzera naibs, abwanamkubwa. dongosolo Judicial inkakhala zigawo zingapo: wosanjikiza chapamwamba munamutcha mufti ndi Cadia iwo anamvera.

Kazembe anali kudziyimira pawokha zina, koma ngati Naib analekerera Mwachitsanzo, kugonjetsedwa, ndiye, monga ulamuliro, anachotsedwa malo ake. Motsogozedwa wake, anali atsogoleri a mayunitsi wapadera asilikali. Pang'onopang'ono mphamvu naibs itakula.

gulu asilikali

Shamil anakhazikitsa asilikali zonse, imene inali ankhondo (murtazeki) ndi oyenda (udindo wapamwamba). Poyamba, mapiri ntchito anagwira zida, koma kenako anamanga mafakitare awo kwa kupanga zida. Mbali yaikulu ya asilikali anali Avars, malo wachiwiri anali kulamulidwa ndi Chechens. Wolamulira analenga weniweni boma kasamalidwe dongosolo mu chikhalidwe: dongosolo ogwira msonkho yokhazikika yowunikira thupi chinaikidwa pa Iye. Shamil zinathandiza kwambiri mphamvu zake kulimbikitsa: adafuna kuligonjetsa, chotheka pofuna kusangalatsa olamulira ena m'deralo. Iye ogwirizana mu ulamuliro wake midzi, kusonyeza nthawi yomweyo kwambiri mphamvu zaboma ndi boma. Posachedwapa inasanduka mdani woopsa, kotero kuti asilikali Russian anali zaka zambirimbiri kugonjetsa kukana wake. Choncho, kumvetsa zimene Imamate wa mbiri, n'kofunika kwambiri osati kwa chitukuko Muslim, komanso ndi nkhani mkhalidwe wathu, nayenso.