Istra City: zowoneka, mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

Istra ndi chidwi chimene ife azipereka m'nkhani ino ili mu Moscow mabusa, makilomita 40 kumadzulo kwa likulu. Ndi likulu la dera Istra ndi imodzi mwa malo waukulu Orthodox dziko lathu.

Mbiri ya mzinda

Kuyambira 1871 mpaka 1930 m'tawuni unkatchedwa Ascension. Choyamba otchulidwa 1589. Masiku amenewo, panali obisika, wazunguliridwa ndi midzi. Ndipo patapita anaonekera makoma ake mzinda. Mu 1656 malo awa anapita ndi mabishopu, Nikon. Iye adaganiza zolenga padziko lapansi pano "Moscow Palestine." dongosolo Lake analephera kuzitsatira. Mbiri ya mzinda ndi limodzi kuchokera ku mbiriyakale ya New Jerusalem obisika, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo a khololo.

Mu 1781 mumzinda analandira udindo wa Voskresensk, ndipo patapita inasandulika chilikati cha County lapansi. Mofulumira kwambiri kutukula a mbiri mzinda kuyanjana ndi kumanga pafupi ndi sitima ya. Izi zinachitika pa chiyambi cha XX atumwi. Khumi makampani mafakitale opareshoni pano ndi chiyambi cha 1916. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Voskresensk ndipo anakhala pakati chikhalidwe cha distilikiti. Mu Istria, ndipo lero likukwaniritsa omvera wamkulu dera sewero zisudzo, amene choyamba anatsegula zitseko zake mu 1908. Voskresensk yaitali anakhala A. P. Chehov. Ena mwa iwo anali A. I. Gertsen ndi M. Yu. Lermontov.

Istra lero

M'zaka lowopsya la Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, aukali, nkhondo miyandamiyanda ku Istria. Mzindawu pafupifupi ataphwasula pansi. Lero ndi mafakitale pakati ano. The makampani waukulu mu mzinda ndi nthambi ya OJSC "Gazprom", LLC "Lactalis Istra", JSC "Chimphamba" ndi ena. Koma kuwonjezera, mbiri yakale komanso kamangidwe zipilala la Istria anatchuka chifukwa. Zowoneka za mzinda kudziwika akutali malire ake. Ndi ena a iwo ife timathandiza.

Istria zokopa. Kodi mukuona

Ngakhale chiwonongeko woipitsitsawu wa mzinda ndi Anazi, wateteza ambiri mbiri ndi mapulani zipilala abwezeretsedwa. Mmodzi wa waukulu wa iwo ndiye Yerusalemu Watsopano obisika.

Istra, amene zowoneka yafotokozedwa mu timabuku ambiri mabungwe kuyenda, anatchuka chifukwa cha dongosolo limeneli. Ndi ndi Tinapita ku New Jerusalem ansembe yotchedwa kawirikawiri mumayamba maulendo onse. Idamangidwa mu 1656 ndi mabishopu, Nikon. nyumba wamkuluyu mwina akubwereza zomangamanga kachisi wotchuka mu Yerusalemu.

Ntchito yomanga tchalitchi anayamba m'chaka cha 1658 inatenga zaka zisanu ndi zitatu, mpaka nthawi monga Nikon si ku ukapolo. Kwathunthu nyumba obisika inatha pambuyo pa imfa ya Nikon (mapeto a m'zaka XVII). Mu 1919 obisika Anatseka ndipo anaikidwa m'nyumbayi m'gawo lake.

Pa nkhondo ya 1941-1945. agulupa anali pafupifupi inawonongedwa. Mu 1956 anayamba kubwezeretsa ndi ntchito yokonzanso, amene adakali zikuchitika. The kulanda Mpingo Russian Orthodox wa agulupa inayamba mu 1994, koma tsopano alipo pamodzi ndi mbiri ndi mapulani owonetsera zakale.

Museum "New Jerusalem"

Pakuti Orthodox, dziko lonse ndi yofunika kwambiri Istra kunja Moscow. Zokopa za tawuni yaing'ono imeneyi ndi kukopa zikwi amwendamnjira chaka. Kuwonjezera pa malo opempherera chotchuka kwambiri Museum ndi chionetsero ovuta "New Jerusalem". Idamangidwa mu 1920. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa waukulu boma zakale mabusa. Mu zosonkhanitsira ake oposa 180 zikwi zinthu - Kutolere yaulele ya mbale mpingo, ena ndi Russian zojambula, zida, mipando, wapadera mipando kwa mfulu zigawo pafupi Moscow, kawirikawiri zipsera pamanja osowa mndandanda wa zojambula ndi likutipatsa luso la m'zaka za m'ma XX.

Zovuta wapadera ali m'dera paki, amene akupereka manda a zomangamanga matabwa a m'zaka za m'ma XIX: m'mphawi kanyumba mphero yopemphereramo. Alendo akhoza kukaona nyumba chionetsero, kukwera pa kavalo. Pa gawo la m'nyumbayi zovuta zonse mumakhala zosiyanasiyana ntchito tchuthi ana ndi akulu.

Tsopano m'nyumbayi anasamukira latsopano yaikulu yomanga malo mamita lalikulu zikwi khumi. Nawa malo laibulale sayansi, ndi nkhokwe, ndi okonzeka msonkhano chipinda, cafe, masitolo kachikumbutso.

Manor Pokrovskoye - Rubtsovo

Zowoneka za Istria ndi madera ozungulira chidwi alendo anasunga m'dziko chabwino zigawo. Mmodzi wa iwo - ndi Pokrovsky-Rubtsov. Malo mbiri, amene anali banja wolemekezeka Nashchokin 1616.

M'zaka za m'ma XVII linamangidwa Boyarsky Dvor m'zaka XVIII pa malo panali mwala Mpingo wa Kupemphera. Kumangidwa ali osowa kwa mzinda kuyesa zomangamanga Baroque. Patapita nthawi yaitali, kachisi anamangidwanso kalembedwe zachikhalidwe.

Panopa alendo akhoza kufufuza pabwalo zachuma ndi mpingo. Pambuyo Nashchokin malo anali Golokhvastov olemekezeka, ndipo kenako wopanga Morozov. The heyday wa munda wa XVIII atumwi, pamene analengedwa paki zazikulu ndi mapulani gulu loyimba nyumba mwala. paki okha ndi mpingo anapulumuka.

Manor Utatu

Zokopa Istra (Moscow dera) - ambiri mipingo ing'onoing'ono ndi akachisi otchuka. The uchikumbe Utatu anasunga ndi gulu loyimba chodabwitsa ongokhala mipingo iwiri - Woyera Utatu Woyera Utatu mwala ndi mpingo matabwa, yomwe inamangidwa mu 1675 ndi odzipereka mu ulemu wa Sergiya Radonezhskogo. Kamodzi a chuma cha Utatu wakale wolemekezeka Russian Boborykin akale. Ndiye Manor unkatchedwa Bobyrev ndi manda. Today mukhoza kuona manda akale ndi tombstones a kalelo.

Mpaka pano, iye Istra, zokonda zake chifukwa ena kutsutsana sayansi. Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale deta boma, asayansi amakhulupirira kuti mpingo matabwa inamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma XVIII. Mu zoyambirira za m'ma XIX anali tiyeni pansi kuchokera woyera mwala maziko anawonjezera mipata zenera, makumbi anali kusinthidwa pa khomo, ndipo tchalitchi chenichenicho ndiye wokongola mchimake ndi matabwa.

Mlembi wa polojekiti panali mwala mpingo MN Litvinov. Iwo anali opatulidwira ku ulemu cha Utatu. Kapangidwe wapangidwa mu Wachiwiri-Russian (zabodza) kalembedwe.

Istra: zokopa achilengedwe. Getsemane

Wokongola paki ndi paini akale ndi mkungudza yakhalapo pa phazi la obisika phiri. Izo zili m'gulu la "New Jerusalem" ndipo anaima kuti athandize ansembe a. Pabwalopo pali hermitage Nikon yopemphereramo. maina awo anaitenga ku malo opatulika a ku Yerusalemu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ngakhale mtsinje Istra, paki ozungulira anadzatchedwa Jordan.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Mu 1881, mnyamata dokotala A. P. Chehov akuyamba kumapeto mu Voskresensk. Pa kunja kwa tauni anali Chikinskaya kuchipatala, iye anali woyang'anira wotchuka Dr. P. A. Arhangelsky, amene anali wotchuka chifukwa dokotala wamkulu amene amabwera mchitidwe sukulu ndi madokotala achinyamata ochokera m'madera osiyanasiyana. Iye anakhala wophunzira ake, ndi Dr. Chekhov.

Aliyense akudziwa kuti Yerusalemu ( "mzinda wa mtendere") lili Israel. Koma si aliyense amadziwa kuti ali ndi "Dzina" mu Russia, pafupi Moscow. Izi si kachisi zovuta lomwe lili ndi dzina ofanana, koma pafupifupi ndi kubalana lenileni la Israel choyambirira tiakachisi waukulu. New Jerusalem ansembe yotchedwa anapita M. Yu. Lermontov. Ndi apa kuti ndakatuloyi linalembedwa "kuuka."