Izi bowa mkaka - zikuwoneka ngati ndi kumene ilo limakula

Mu Russia, kukula nambala ya bowa osiyana. Koma akatswiri "chete kukasaka" ndi chikhulupiriro chonse kuti ndi mwayi wapadera kugwa kwa munthu amene amapita ku malo kumene bowa kukula. Ndipotu, mungathe mwamsanga lembani mtanga yaikulu bowa onunkhira. Anakumana bowa ndi zovuta kusiyanitsa ndi bowa woyera, amene ali chipewa pubescent ndi chikasu mycelium.

Chifukwa wotchedwa bowa

Kuti tiyankhe funso limeneli, tiyenera amadziwa kumene iwo kukula. bowa "moyo" mabanja akuluakulu, ambiri amatchedwa milu kapena milu. Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndi Mbali imeneyi ya bowa edible anali otchedwa.

Ngakhale ngati inu mukudziwa bwino, amene kukula bowa zimenezi, iwo ayenera kuphunzira kuyang'ana. Iwo bwino ananamizira ngati masamba wosanjikiza masingano akugwa. pickers bowa kupita bowa mkaka m'mawa - asanu maola. Ndi kufunika kutenga ndodo yaitali, amene adzakhala ndi kufufuzanso apezeka onse Muzisamala pansi birches, kapena pafupi stumps ndi. Ndi mitengo awa, bowa amenewa amasankha kukula mu kudalirana, kulenga mycorrhiza.

Pali lina lomwe chifukwa bowa akhala wotchedwa choncho. Mawu "Lactarius" anaonekera kwa Chiheberi ndipo limatanthauza "kukhala ndi poyambira." Komabe, zodziwika bwino kuti mutu wa izi nyuzi bowa. Choncho, akatswiri musatenge Baibulo ili kwambiri.

Zikuwoneka ngati bowa, mitundu

Bowa mitundu angapo. Iwo onse kukula masango. toyesa zipewa wamkulu zambiri kufika 30 cm awiri. Bowa, zithunzi zomwe mungathe kuwona kuchokera mu nkhani iyi, ndi bowa edible. Iwo ali oyenera salting ndi Marinating.

yellow agaric

bowa Izi noticeable osiyana chikasu chipewa, amene angafikire awiri a masentimita 28. Koma ambiri makope ambiri, kukula kwa kapu kuchokera masentimita 6 mpaka 10. Nthawi zina, iwo akuda mtundu bulauni kapena golide, ndi mamba ang'onoang'ono. Chipewa bowa achinyamata pang'ono otukukira kunja mawonekedwe, ndiye adzakonze kapena amakhala concave. m'mbali zake zambiri pamalo mkati. Ndi osalala kukhudza, nyengo konyowa akhoza kukhala mucosa.

Mwendo chikasu Gruzdev - 5-12 masentimita, ali ndi khalidwe yowala maenje chikasu ndi grooves, yomata. Ndi dzenje, koma amphamvu kwambiri. Mbale anali kawirikawiri mu toyesa wamkulu ndi zofiirira mawanga. thupi ndi chikasu Gruzdev woyera, koma iye anameta pasanapite chikasu pamene mphepo. Iwo ali ofooka, koma fungo osangalatsa kwambiri.

Yellow bowa ngati agaric bahromisty, pano ndi chibakuwa. Bahromisty agaric m'nkhalango deciduous. Iye alibe dents pa mwendo. A inedible wofiirira agaric osiyana wofiirira lalabala.

Yellow bowa, pamene kusonkhanitsa iwo - kuyambira chiyambi cha July mpaka m'ma October, kawirikawiri kwambiri m'mayiko a Europe ndi ku Asia nyengo kotentha.

pickers bowa amakhulupirira kuti ndi zokoma kwambiri mtundu wa bowa mkaka. Pamaso ntchito, iwo madzi okhaokha ndi Pre-yophika.

agaric owawa

Mtundu uwu wa bowa pang'ono zing'onozing'ono chikasu mkaka. mutu awo kawirikawiri kuposa 10 cm. Monga ulamuliro, iwo akuda mtundu Brown kapena pabuka, mu mawonekedwe a belu, iye limakuwongola ndi nthawi, pali kugundana kakang'ono pakati. toyesa okhwima ndi chipewa maganizo. Kuti zowawa ndi yosalala, ali ndi pubescence ofooka, mu nyengo chonyowa yomata. bowa owawa, zithunzi zomwe nthawi zambiri m'zimene mabuku apadera pickers bowa ndi mwendo mpaka 9 cm. Ndi wochepa thupi, cylindrical mawonekedwe. mtundu ndi ofanana ndi chipewa cha. Zochitikazo ndi kuwala pansi kuwala, ndinasintha unakhuthala pa maziko a. Mbale si lonse pafupipafupi.

Mnofu wa bowa awa amakhala ndi fragility, kudula amatulutsa ndi yamkaka woyera kuyamwa. Iwo ali pafupifupi palibe fungo. Iye adayitana bowa anali peppery wake owawa kukoma.

bowa, za omwe akufanana inedible mlechnik chiwindi, amasiyana kuti yotsirizira ali ndi madzi yamkaka chikasu mu mlengalenga.

Agaric limakula powagwiritsa zoyambirira za July ndi chiyambi cha October, pafupifupi m'mayiko onse kumpoto kwa Ulaya ndi Asia. Izo wakonda dothi acidic nkhalango coniferous, sichipezeka birch wandiweyani.

bowa awa ali oyenera pickling, koma pambuyo yaitali (maola 10-12) ndi kusintha kwa akuwukha madzi. M'pofunika kuchotsa kuwawa ndi. Mothandizidwa brine, izi bowa edible mdima kwambiri.

Mankhwala wowerengeka, bowa sizigwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma asayansi anatha kupeza munthu mankhwala enieni amene linalake ndipo tikulephera kukula kwa mabakiteriya Escherichia coli ndi udzu, Staphylococcus aureus.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti mitundu amatha kudziunjikira mu zimakhala awo zinthu nyukiliya (nuclide cesium 137), amene waikamo mwa minofu ndi chiwindi anthu, kotero bowa izi kusonkhanitsa m'madera milingo apamwamba kuipitsidwa nyukiliya ndi koletsedwa.

Lactifluus volemus

mtundu wina wa bowa edible mkaka. bowa ndi zisoti mwachilungamo lalikulu - awiri awo ndi 18 masentimita matte, akuda mu malankhulidwe kuwala bulauni, kuli ndi lalanje kuwala kapena wofiira kulocha .. Mu wamng'ono toyesa chipewa chonse, koma pang'onopang'ono iye anaweramuka, ndiyeno amapeza mawonekedwe maganizo. Kuti musakhudze umenewo, monga ulamuliro, yosalala ndi youma, koma nthawi zina yokutidwa ndi zopezera ming'alu chabwino, ndi nyengo yamvula amakhala yomata ndipo mucous.

Red-bulauni Lactarius mwendo ali ku masentimita 3 12 kutalika. Ndi yolimba kwambiri, ali mawonekedwe cylindrical, zowawa - velvety. mtundu zambiri palibe kusiyana kwa mtundu kapu. Pali pafupipafupi ndi yopapatiza mbale, amene utoto kuwala pinki kapena wachikasu hue, koma nthawi zambiri woyera. Atamukakamiza bulauni mawanga kuoneka padziko.

bowa ndi thupi osalimba kwambiri, sipangakhalenso utoto woyera kapena pabuka mtundu. Pa m'kamwa ndi fungo. Chinthu china khalidwe - mwatsopano kudula bowa fungo la nkhanu yophika kapena hering'i.

bowa ndi awiri - mlechnik sanali caustic. Kodi kusiyanitsa bowa? Mlechnik laling'ono kwambiri mu kukula, ndi khungu pa chipewa chake pafupifupi konse osokoneza.

Red-bulauni bowa kukula kwa oyambirira August mochedwa October m'mayiko onse European. Angapezeke zosiyanasiyana nkhalango. Bwino ku malo lonyowa shaded. bowa ndi chokoma yokazinga ndi mchere.

tsabola agaric

Pakuti acrid ndi Fungo lamphamvu lamankhwala kulawa, bowa uyu dzina lake. Zikuwoneka ngati bowa tsabola? Ali ndi kapu yochitidwa kuti alibe anasankha malo padziko, wakuda ndi minofu. Mbale anayikidwa zambiri. Iwo utoto wachikasu ndi zoyera. Mu wamng'ono toyesa thupi ndi zoyera, patapita akutembenukira chikasu, pa yopuma - yowala azioneka obiriwira.

Pepper agaric amatchedwa mitundu kwambiri otsika kalasi. Komabe, bowa mukhoza kuwonjezera mchere ngati bwino titanyowa kapena yophika. Iwo amafanana kwambiri lactifluus vellereus ndi Russula delica, koma osiyana gawo loyamba la bwalolo, downy yosalala kapu ndi zamkati Kamaoneka pa yopuma, ndipo chachiwiri - lalabala.

White weniweni agaric

Kotero ife tiri ndi "Mfumu" bowa onse mkaka. Kuyambira chiyambi cha XIX atumwi ku Russia zotchedwa mkaka bowa tsabola. Koma mu 1942, wasayansi wotchuka, mycologist B. Vasil'kov anatsimikizira kuti panopa ayenera kuonedwa monga mtundu wa Lactarius resimus.

Izi agaric - bowa ndithu chidwi kukula. chipewa chake cha mtundu woyera kapena chikasu angafikire awiri a masentimita 25. The toyesa wamng'ono ndi mosabisa, koma pang'onopang'ono amapeza mawonekedwe a fanulo a. Pa lamkati mbali m'mbali mwa kapu ndi wopindidwa, pafupifupi nthawi zonse chidwi pansi.

M'nkhani ino mukhoza kuwona agaric weniweni. Yang'anitsitsani pa chithunzi. Pa chipewa chake nthawi zonse chomera zinyalala kuti amakhala kuti agaric kambirimbiri kuposa zina bowa.

Agaric panopa waima molimba pa tsinde lake, amene kutalika ndi ku masentimita 3 mpaka 9. Zimakhala woyera kapena chikasu, nthawi zonse dzenje, cylindrical.

thupi ndi zoyera ndi madzi yamkaka. Onani kuti pamene anakumana ndi mpweya amakhala wauve-chikasu kapena grayish mtundu. kununkhira Izi zikufanana ndi fungo la zipatso.

Ngati bowa woona:

• woyera podgruzdok zomwe ziribe lalabala;
• skripnitsa amene chipewa pubescent zambiri;
• Lactarius pubescens laling'ono kwambiri bowa;
• agaric Aspen, anapeza pansi pa Aspen, kumene agaric weniweni chimakula.

Izi bowa chidwi limapezeka pa chiyambi cha July ndi n'zotheka kusonkhanitsa mpaka mapeto a September mu Siberia, dera Volga ndi Urals.

kumene ilo limakula

Agaric Izi ambiri m'nkhalango ya paini-birch ndi spruce chapakati Russia, mu dera Trans-Baikal ku Western Siberia. Mu Urals ndi dera Volga iwo amatchedwa mkaka bowa yaiwisi. Ichi ndi chifukwa mucosal pamwamba kapu. Mu Siberia, anaitanidwa pravskie bowa, mwachitsanzo kwenikweni.

kudya

bowa zambiri mchere pambuyo kuwira yaitali. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuchotsa kuwawa ndi. Yowutsa mudyo ndi mafupa okhaokhayo mwaikamo mnofu bowa pambuyo kutsanulira brine tikhale ndi kulocha pang'ono bluish. Tsapano, iwo ali okonzeka ntchito.

Pachikhalidwe ku Siberia kwenikweni bowa mchere ndi zisoti duwa mkaka ndi volnushki. Kukonzekera mikate, kupereka alendo ndi bowa ozizira ndi horseradish, batala. Mu Ulaya, bowa amaonedwa inedible, ndipo mu Russia iwo akhala amatchedwa "mafumu a bowa."

zothandiza zimatha

Agaric panopa amatanthauza mankhwala otsika-kalori, choncho kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito zakudya, zimathandiza kuchepetsa thupi. Iwo wapangidwa ndi mchere zidyeke ndi mavitamini. Makamaka amtengo zili vitamini D. kafukufuku anapeza kuti woyera agaric limakhazikitsa misinkhu shuga magazi, choncho ndi zofunika kwambiri makamaka kwa anthu odwala matenda a shuga. Komanso, zikuchokera bowa izi zikuphatikizapo zinthu zomwe adzalandira antibacterial, choncho ndi zofunika kugwiritsa ntchito iwo pa miliri tizilombo. Chikondwerero ntchito yawo wapadera ndi timitengo Koch. Ichi chizathandiza ntchito ya bowa, kapena yeniyeni kuchotsa kwa iwo, kupanga mankhwala ndi chifuwa chachikulu.