Katun malo. Katun Biosphere Reserve

Altai Krai - kukongola ndi kunyada kwa Russia. Dzinali amachokera ku Mongolian mawu "anagunda jackpot" kutanthauza "golide". zipilala zake ofukula zinthu zakale ndi zosungitsa moyenerera kukhala imodzi yabwino kukawona maulendo Altai. mankhwala mchere akasupe, wathanzi mpweya - yaulemerero zachilengedwe zovuta, zomwe ziribe analogues mu Russia.

Katun Nature Reserve, ndi zomera ake osiyanasiyana ndiponso zomera kale anali ngati chinthu tcheru. VP Semenov-Tyan-Shan m'zaka za m'ma XX, anandiuza kuti malowa akhale otetezedwa ndi. Mathithi ndiponso mapiri achisanu anatumikira monga gwero la kudzoza kwa wojambula-nzeru zapamwamba N. K. Reriha.

Ali Reserve?

Katun Nature Reserve lili kwakukulukulu lamapiri la Republic Altai (Ayenela-Koksinsky District). Pali chimakhala chogwidwa ndi nyengo chokhala, amene kumatanthauza Mvula itagwa m'dzinja ndi masika. Hot youma m'chilimwe ndi nkhanza yozizira. Magawo a m'dera limeneli lili otsetsereka kum'mwera kwa Katun osiyanasiyana.

M'dera lino, awiri a chinthu m'gulu la World List Natural Heritage. Izi yokha Katun Biosphere Reserve ndipo Belukha. Ndi wokongola Altai m'dera ndi chimbuzi cha Siberia. M'phirimo Belukha zimachokera Katun Mtsinje.

Home Finca Reserve, pamene nyumbayi ili m'mudzi wa Ayenela-Cox. Octagonal chipika nyumba - malo mwambo wa Altai. Bright Exposition katundu wa m'nyumba, zoimbira, zida. Tsankho Museum - chodabwitsa kukongola anthu.

Altai Nature nkhokwe

Respublika Altay - mdindo wa manda a kamangidwe ka Nthawi osiyana kuyambira Neolithic. M'dera limeneli pali malo osafikiridwa ndi chitukuko. Kozama otsetsereka, kuwundana, nyanja ndi mathithi kugwedeza kukongola kwawo. Golden Muzu, antlers, Malemu phula kuchokera apiaries phiri - mankhwala Eco-wochezeka likhoza kupezeka ku Altai Gawo. Iwo ali ndi magwero zachilengedwe, ndiponso mankhwala.

Akukhulupirira kuti dziko lachinsinsi la Shambhala, wazunguliridwa ndi mapiri 9, ali pano. Altai - ndi makolo kunyumba ya anthu onse Turkic. N'chodabwitsa, malo m'manda a midzi wakale angapezeke m'dziko lonselo. Pali malo a kulambira Asilamu, Abuda, Old Okhulupirira, achikunja.

mndandanda wa nkhokwe Altai m'mphepete 3 zikuphatikizapo malo - Tigireksky, Altaiskii, Katunsky. Iwo mwapadera kutetezedwa madera achilengedwe.

Tigireksky malo

Ili kum'mwera kwa Altai Gawo. Iwo ankakhala mu chigawo Tretyakov, Krasnoschekovskogo, Zmeinogorsk. Mu 2012 iye anamasulidwa ndi zopelekedwa za Tigireksky Reserve, ntchito ndi kafukufuku ntchito yake. Nkhokwe Altai Mountains nawo "Annals of Nature". The Reserve Tigireksky polojekiti zachilengedwe imachitika mu 2004. Anamuuza kuti mitundu ina ya agulugufe unalipo mu malo ichi.

Altai malo

Ili m'mphepete lamanja la Nyanja Teletskoye, Chulyshman. Ndi gawo kumpoto kum'mawa kwa dzikoli. Iwo ali Ulagan ndi Turachakskiy m'deralo. Pamafunikanso gawo la madzi a Teletskoye Lake, ankadziwika kuti ukhondo wake. State nkhokwe zachilengedwe Iwo sangakhoze popitilira ngati zosiyanasiyana zamoyo monga Altai Reserve. Izo zimasunga ndi amaphunzira thumba majini a nyama ndi zomera m'gawo lake.

Katun malo

Iwo lili Ayenela-Koksinsky m'deralo. Reserve mayiwe a ku thamanda lomwelo. Katun Mtsinje kwathunthu analamulira mu Katun malo. Apa ndi wamphamvu kwambiri kuposa Siberia likulu la glaciation. Malo okwana oundana mamita lalikulu zoposa 900. mamita Biosphere Reserve -. inviolability a gawo, yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuteteza bwino zachilengedwe. Mogwirizana ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale (mchere, matabwa) ndi zida mayeso (zamoyo mankhwala, nyukiliya wa hydrogen) mbisoweka mitundu ingapo ya nyama ndi zomera mu dziko. Choncho, nkhokwe biosphere miyezo zachilengedwe za Dziko Lapansi. Iwo nawobe wosakhwima zachilengedwe moyenera.

Biosphere Reserve - ndichiyani?

Mu 2000, Katun Biosphere Reserve walandira udindo. Mu zopezera lonse ya gulu logwirizana la onse UNESCO Nature Reserve. Ndi 564 national biosphere malo. Ndi zinthu zonse zofunika lonse.

Biosphere Reserve - gawo otetezedwa a gawo, pa maziko amene pali zonse kafukufuku ntchito. Cholinga chachikulu - kuteteza zinthu zachilengedwe achilengedwe, mtundu malo. Biosphere nkhokwe zochokera m'midzi chikhalidwe, m'mapaki ndi zofunika kuzikwaniritsa. Ayenela:

• ndi muyezo wa chikhalidwe cha m'dera makamaka.
• Ndi mitundu osowa wa zomera, zinyama ndi topezeka maofesi wapadera m'gawo.
• Khalani mfundo Buku ntchito, aziona kusintha zinthu zachilengedwe, ndi biosphere.
• Ndi chimango bwino kuti chitetezo ndi kuzindikira ntchito za sayansi ndi kafukufuku.

mitundu ya nkhokwe

Ngati gawo la malo amadzimadzi kapena lapadziko kuchotsedwa ntchito, palinso kwathunthu anasunga nyama ndi zomera. Kudera limeneli anakhala malo chikhalidwe. Nkhokwe kafukufuku. State nkhokwe achilengedwe chilengedwe, chikhalidwe cholowa ndipo ndi dongosolo kukhwimitsa chitetezo.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya nkhokwe. Onse a iwo anawagawa zinthu zachilengedwe ndi yokumba. Ntchito yaikulu ya m'dera limeneli - ndi kusamala zachilengedwe zimadalirana, maofesi zachirengedwe mawonekedwe kwambiri zachilengedwe ophunzirira.

Opangidwa zinthu - ndi:

1. minda Zoological.
2. Arboretums.
3. botanical minda.
4. Luso la zojambulajambula malo.

Natural zinthu - ndi:

1. Biosphere nkhokwe.
2. National m'mapaki.
3. Nkhokwe.
4. Nature nkhokwe.
5. Landscaped m'mapaki.
6. Natural zipilala.
7. Natural nkhokwe.

Malamulo mu malo a

Katun malo - malo otetezedwa. Mozungulira pakati pake penipeni ndi inviolable zachilengedwe gawo lotetezedwa zone ndi zone mgwirizano. Only pali maulendo zotheka ndi kukwera njinga. Only pali allocated kudera la kuyenda ndi kufufuza anthu. Akamanena za phata la m'dera limeneli - kuteteza biosphere woyera. Pali malamulo ena a kuyendera dziko kalasi malo. Izi bwanji Katun malo.

• maulendo onse anaika pa njira zina. Muyenera kupita ndi iye. Onse magalimoto ndi kugona usiku - m'madera mosamalitsa kutchula.
• Chimoto panja kawetedwe yekha m'malo mwachindunji magalimoto.
• Ndi zoletsedwa kudula mitengo ndi zitsamba. Gwiritsani ntchito mitengo akufa kwa campfires, kukhazikitsa mahema.
• zinyalala zonse ndi kutenthedwa. Zitsulo zinthu, chisanadze calcine pamoto, kusiya m'madera kutchula.
• Ndi zoletsedwa kubudula nthambi ndi maluwa, nyama, nsomba.
• Sapeka wamphamvu maziko phokoso, phokoso m'deralo.
• Kuti chithunzi ndi mavidiyo ayenera chilolezo cha dongosolo la malo.
• Transit magalimoto ainjini, zoyendera madzi ikuchitika ndi chiphaso a. Iwo wosindikiza makonzedwe m'mudzi wa Ayenela-Cox, mu Manor chapakati.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Katun malo unakhazikitsidwa June 25, 1991. Poyamba iye anali boma chikhalidwe malo ndi malo a mahekitala 151.664. Izo zinali kokha mu January 2000, analandira udindo wa biosphere malo.

Altai Gawo anatchuka chifukwa zosiyanasiyana zikhalidwe anthu, zipembedzo, anaikira m'gawo lake. Mu Ayenela-Koksinsky m'dera ndi wapadera zipilala ofukula zinthu zakale. Izi zojambula phanga, "mwala mkazi", n'chodabwitsa wa Pazyryk ndi Hun-Sarmatian nthawi. Derali lili kowonera zakale kwathunthu wodzipereka kwa chikhalidwe cha okhulupirira Old.

The zojambulajambula wotchuka N. K. Rerih ntchito zojambula wake zosaiŵalika, anauziridwa ndi kukongola kwa derali. zodutsa alendo mafani wake ndi dera, ntchito nzeru za anthu. Kuphatikizapo m'dera limeneli.

Biota

Pa gawo la Katun Nature Reserve pali nyama, zomera kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia.

Flora. Steppes ndi meadows anagwetsa deciduous ndi nkhalango coniferous. Kuchuluka kwa zitsamba mankhwala, paini nkhalango kupanga izi dera wokongola ndi machiritso. Zomera: peony steppe ndi Altai mbewu yamasamba, wintergreen barberry Siberia ndi ang'ono; rasipiberi, honeysuckle, sedge Kirilov; larch, birch, rowan, spruce; msondodzi, Alps meadows, tchire la cinquefoil shrubby; kakang'ono anyezi ndi Altai, nthenga udzu, Rhodiola rosea, Siberia erythronium.

Zinyama. Forest nyama - mphalapala, musk nswala, kalulu, wofiira gwape. Ubweya - gologolo, sable, gologolo. Ogwirira - chimbalangondo, wolverine, weasel, ermine, amphaka, mink, matalala kambuku. Mu okwera kumene kuli mwa Siberia chinkhoma. Mbalame - yekhayekha snipe, grouse, snipe, ndi Titafika pamalo ptarmigan, kadzidzi, wakuda dokowe, Altai ular, saker, peregrine kabawi. Nsomba - Grayling, Siberia gudgeon, wamba njoka yam'madzi, loach, bullhead. Njoka - steppe ndi adder, unatengera njoka, mphiri. Buluzi, zobiriwira umodzi wa achule, moor chule.

zodutsa alendo

Kukawona maulendo alendo anapangidwa kuti zosiyanasiyana zosangalatsa. Kuti banja la njira anakonza njira yosavuta, popanda kuchititsa mavuto. maulendo Oika tinapangidwa ntchito panja ikuchitikira pa nyanja ya m'mapiri, malo otsetsereka.

Paulendo wa amaloledwa kutenga zithunzi, kuwombera kanema nyama, chikhalidwe. Ulendo kumaphatikizapo kukwera mahatchi, malawi ndi anthunzi otulutsirako thukuta ndi zakudya chikhalidwe. Mu yophukira nsomba mumapezeka nsomba, Grayling. Katun Biosphere Reserve ali apiaries angapo lamapiri. Komanso pamalowa mungathe kulawa mead ndi uchi, kuti bwino ntchito ya ulimi wa njuchi.

"Ufumu wa Blue Lakes". njira alendo kumatenga masiku 12. Pakuti okonda maholide yogwira ndi kuyenda maulendo mu ulendo munakonza anagonjetsa chisanu chikudutsa. A ulendo ya m'mapiri a chimathandiza ndi kugwa kwa Katun lokwera Multinsky nyanja.

"Belovodie". njira alendo kumatenga masiku 6. Akapita mathithi, nyanja Multinsky. Izi ndi ulendo kwa banja lonse.

"Multinskiye mphete". njira alendo kumatenga masiku 8. Ulendo kumaphatikizapo akapita ku mathithi phiri nyanja. Akapita Museum Old Okhulupirira ndi NK Museum Roerich m'mudzi wa Upper Uimon. Ulendo kwa banja lonse.

"Khirisimasi mu gawo la chisanu." njira alendo kumatenga masiku 5. Ulendowu kuti phazi la Katun osiyanasiyana. Izi ulendo yozizira pa snowmobiles ndi ulendo nyanja ya m'mapiri.