Kazakhstan: zachuma. Utumiki wa Economy National wa Republic of Kazakhstan

Mu mtima wa Asia ndi boma waukulu wotchedwa Kazakhstan. Chuma cha dziko lino amakhala ndi dongosolo agro-mafakitale ndi gawo wamphamvu makampani migodi. Ndi umatha okwana ndi waukulu kwambiri ku Central Asia dera.

Modern msika chuma cha Kazakhstan - ndichiyani? Ndipo kodi chiyembekezo m'tsogolo? Tiyeni tiyese kuzilingalira izo.

Kazakhstan: chuma cha Republic (general mwachidule)

Kazakhstan - ndi agrarian-mayiko olemera. Kumbali ya GDP pa munthu (11 000 madola) zimatengera 54 TH malo masanjidwe lonse. Kukula kwa chuma Kazakhstan ndi makamaka chifukwa migodi, kuti ndi khalidwe la dziko yaiwisi zipangizo lathu malonda.

Ndalama boma la Kazakhstan - tenge (November 1993). Dzina amachokera kwa Turkic "matendawa" - monga Ages Middle ankatchedwa kukula ka ndalama Turkey siliva. Mwa njira, dzina ili, ndipo anasamukira chinenero Russian - mu mawonekedwe a odziwika onse pa mawu "ndalama."

The nthambi zikuluzikulu za Kazakhstan makampani ndi migodi, zitsulo (ndi wakuda, ndi mtundu), mathirakitala, ndi kupanga zipangizo structural.

Russia, China, USA, Germany - izi ndi zibwenzi waukulu malonda a Republic of Kazakhstan. Chuma cha dziko lino lolunjika pa ulimi ndi katundu wa mchere. M'mayikowa kubwera makamaka Kazakhstan malasha, mkuwa woyengedwa ferroalloys, mafuta ndi gasi.

Ngakhale izi, kupanga mafakitale izo ntchito zosaposa 16% ya chonse cha anthu. Wina ntchito 24% pa ulimi ndi mitengo ndi anthu ambiri mu Kazakhstan (60 peresenti) nawo otchedwa "ukachenjede" gawo la chuma (Service ndi Information).

Makampani ndi Energy

Dziko imene'yi anayamba zitsulo, onse wakuda ndi mtundu. Chuma cha dziko la Kazakhstan amadalira kwambiri pa ntchito khola amakampani ndi zitsulo. Pa m'matangadza achitsulo dziko miyala ndi pamwamba khumi.

zosiyanasiyanazo adagulung'undisa akupangidwa ku mbewu "Arcelor Mittal Temirtau" mu Karaganda. Poyamba, mbewu anali flagship wa mkombero zonse za makampani Soviet zitsulo. Kazakhstan ndi akuluakulu a dziko lapansi limapanga mkuwa woyengedwa.

anayamba kwambiri mu dziko ndi makina kumanga zovuta. Kazakhstan umabala makina apamwamba atolankhani, makina, mabatire, komanso zida X-ray. Madera aakulu zomangamanga - ndi mzinda wa Aktobe, Shymkent ndi Astana.

Mphamvu makampani a dziko kupereka 40 zomera mphamvu (chomwe 37 ndi opangira magetsi magetsi ndi 3). Onse zomera matenthedwe mphamvu kuthamanga pa khala leni ncho.

ulimi

N'kofunika kuti chuma cha Kazakhstan ndi ndi ulimi.

Mtsogoleri mu gawo ili kupanga mbewu, ndicho - kukula masika tirigu. About miliyoni 15-20 matani mbewu chaka umabala Kazakhstan. Komanso m'dera kwambiri m'dziko (olimapo dziko) anatenga chimanga ndi Mapila. Dziko lili ndi wotukuka kwambiri kuswana wa nkhosa, akavalo, ndi ngamira.

malonda yachilendo

The Republic of Kazakhstan amamangidwa kwa katundu chuma amenewa ndi mankhwala, monga mafuta, mankhwala mafuta, zitsulo, zitsulo sanali akakhala ndi tirigu. Pa nthawi yomweyo, dziko amagwira inatha magalimoto, zida zosiyana ndi zida, chakudya. Nkhani yaikulu mu dongosolo katundu wa boma wa mankhwala a makampani mafuta (za 38%).

Mu malonda yachilendo, 60% ya wolowa ndi imports kudawerengedwa kwa CIS ndi Baltic States. Tikumbukenso kuti waukulu malonda mnzake Russia. Kazakhstan ndi mwachangu akufotokozera ndi kupitiriza kusamala asapita malonda ndi China, Germany, Ukraine, Turkey, Czech Republic, USA, Belarus, Korea South ndi mayiko ena.

zigawo Economic a dziko

The Republic of Kazakhstan salembedwa ogaŵikana zigawo zisanu zachuma, omwe ali specialization yake. Ndi monga:

1. North.
2. South.
3. Central.
4. West.
5. East.

Pa nthawi yomweyo West Region Economic imakhazikika mu mafuta ndi gasi kupanga East ndi pakati - okonza, akakhala ndi nonferrous zitsulo, North - migodi ya malasha, zitsulo, magetsi ndi nyumba zipangizo.

Kum'mwera dera chuma anayamba ulimi, nsomba ndi nkhalango. Apa mwachangu kukula mpunga, Tirigu, thonje, masamba, zipatso ndi mphesa; chitukuko cha kuswana nkhosa ndi kuswana kavalo. M'chipululu cha kum'mwera kwa Kazakhstan amagwiritsidwa ayipanga ndi ngamila.

Utumiki wa Economy wa Republic of Kazakhstan

njira zonse chuma akulamulidwa ndi mgwirizano ndi boma. Komanso mwapadera, nchito imeneyi imagwera pa mapewa a m'modzi wa asilikari ake. Izi - Utumiki wa Economy National wa Republic of Kazakhstan. Komabe, kwa tsiku, thupi lili ndi dzina chosiyana: ". Utumiki wa Economy ndi bajeti Planning" dzinalo, amene analipo kale, inali yololedwa linathetsedwa mu August 2014.

Utumiki, yemwe walunjika ndi Erbolat Dosayev, amayang'anira chitukuko cha m'madera onse a malamulo a zachuma. Ntchito yaikulu ya thupi ili - kukhazikitsa dongosolo tichepetse kuti akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha boma. Utumiki komanso akulamulira chitukuko cha ndondomeko malonda ndi ubwenzi wa dziko amagonana ndi achilendo.

Chuma cha Kazakhstan: Ubwino posachedwapa

Chitukuko cha chuma Kazakhstan posachedwa m'tsogolo chiopsezo akukumana ndi mavuto aakulu. Chifukwa cha vutoli, kuti zingaoneke, zikhoza kukhala zinthu zimene zimachitika ku chikhalidwe malire a Republic, ndicho - nkhondo mu Ukraine.

Akatswiri ambiri kuneneratu kuti nkhondo mu Donbass ndi vuto Crimea zidzakhudza chuma cha Kazakhstan - m'dziko limene lili lake lapamtima Russia. The ziletso pa za chuma zoyikidwa ndi a West pa Chitaganya cha Russia, mwanjira ina bwanji ndi Kazakhstan. Komabe, ndi ena amazengereza inertial.

dziko chuma Akatswiri amaneneratu kuti zotsatira choyamba a pasukuluyi pa Kazakhstan akuona wokha pakati pa 2015. Choncho, kwambiri yafupika revenues kuti boma bajeti, amene Ndithu bwanji moyo wa anthu a Kazakhstan. Kuthana ndi mavuto a dziko zingathandize inalowa kwa WTO. Malinga ndi kunena kwa akatswiri, angathandize kuti mitengo magulu mankhwala ena kuchepetsa.

m'malo mapeto

Amphamvu kwambiri - mafakitale kuthekera - Dziko ku Central Asia ndi Kazakhstan. Chuma cha boma zachokera makamaka m'zigawo ndi processing yaikulu ya mchere. Ndipo mfundo imeneyi si zabwino kwa nthawi yaitali chitukuko cha dziko.

Economic, malonda ndi mfundo za chuma za boma kutsogozedwa ndi unduna wa chuma cha Kazakhstan. Chimodzi mwa zolinga za boma limeneli, makamaka, ndi mapulani njira ndi chitukuko cha dongosolo la chuma cha dziko la mabwalo wonse.