Kodi gawo la sayansi ya chinenero anaphunzitsa ku sukulu? zigawo zikuluzikulu za chinenero Russian

Mu zilankhulo kusiyanitsa zigawo zingapo zazikulu. Aliyense wa iwo amachita ndi kuphunzira osiyanasiyana mfundo ndi zochitika chinenero. Lero tiona mbali zina za sayansi ya chinenero cha Chirasha chimaphunzitsidwa njira sukulu.

phonetics

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kumayambiriro a chigawo chachikulu cha zilankhulo - phonetics. Izi sayansi maphunziro mawu zikumveka ndi mbali ya ntchito zawo. Mu phonetics ankaona kusinthana kwa phokoso, malingana ndi nkhawa zinthu m'madera ena a mawu. olimba ndi ofooka malo mawu Komanso ankaona.

Payokha kuphunzira chinthu monga syllable, ndipo gulu la mawu mu syllables malinga ndi malamulo a chinenero cha Chirasha. Zimatanthauza phonetics ndi intonation, ka.

kalembedwe ka

Mbali yachiwiri yofunika ya sayansi ya chinenero - kalembedwe. Iye wakhala kuphunzira mawu kalembedwe ndi madera awo kwambiri. Chifukwa kuziwerenga ife tikuyidziwa malamulo ndi orthograms, tingaphunzire kuzindikira nthawi imene mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo kudziwa zimene kalata ayenera olembedwa mawu enaake.

Mawu ndi phraseology

Mawu ndi phraseology - chidwi kwambiri gawo la zilankhulo kuphunzira kuchuluka lexical chinenero Russian, komanso kugwira ntchito mu Zining'a ake. Ponena za mawu, ndi Dziwani kuti wakhala akuphunzira mfundo monga ofanana matanthauzo, homonyms, otsutsana paronyms, iye akuphunzira chiyambi cha mawu ndi kugwira ntchito zawo chimasiyanitsa mawu udakali chabe chinenero cha Chirasha.

Phraseology ndi chinkhoswe mu kuphunzira phraseology, tanthauzo lake ndi chiyambi.

Ndithu umakhudza ndi mawu ndi phraseology lexicography - kuphunzira otanthauzira.

derivation

gawo lina la sayansi ya chinenero - mawu mapangidwe. Ikufotokoza zikuchokera mawu. Choncho, liwu lililonse lili ndi muzu amanyamula tanthauzo lexical. Komanso muzu wa mawu akhoza anapitiriza, ndi suffix kapena manambala oyambirira. Komanso, akutali m'munsi mawu.

maphunziro Derivation osati mawu, komanso njira imene apangidwa kapena kuti mawu kuti apange suffix wa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau, ndi zimene - adjectives.

Kudziwa ndizosowa mawu mapangidwe, anthu mosavuta katswiri kalembedwe, kuyambira awiriwa gawo ali kwambiri zogwirizana.

kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe

Kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe - ndithu voluminous gawo la sayansi ya chinenero. Iye wakhala kuphunzira mbali ya kulankhula ndi kugwira ntchito zawo pa mawu. Pa maphunziro, ana amaphunzirira waukulu ndi wothandiza mbali ya kulankhula, malamulo a kalembedwe, Dziŵani njira mbali Taphunzira wa kulankhula, mmene kudziwa mtundu kapena nkhani ya nauni kapena adjective kuti akutanthauza izo.

kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe nazonso mosamala kwambiri chokhudzana ndi kalembedwe, chifukwa m'pofunika kudziwa mmene mawu aumbike, komanso mmene chingasinthe. Ndipotu, ena a phokoso, choncho pamene ankalemba makalata zimadalira ndi mawu Mulimonsemo.

Malembedwe ndi zopumira

Chinthu chovuta kwambiri kwa sayansi ya chinenero - malembedwe ndi zopumira. Phunziro chimayambira mu 8 ndi sukulu 9. Chinthu choyamba kwambiri ndi zomwe ophunzira kuphunzira za - ichi ndi lingaliro la ma mawu mitundu ya ubale pakati pa mawu. Kenako kukachita maphunziro a nsembe pulayimale ndi sekondale, kuphunzira kuwapeza ndi kupereka momveka.

Pambuyo pake, kuphunzira amapereka zing'onozing'ono monga mbali ziwiri kapena osakwatiwa-zikuchokera. Timaphunzira gulu lawo ndi ntchito kulankhula. Kale mu 9 kalasi akuyamba ankadziwa ziganizo zovuta, mitundu kugwirizana pakati pawo, classifications.

Pa phunzirolo lilinso ubwenzi ndi zopumira chinenero Russian, amene kumagwirizana ndi malembedwe a. Iye anaphunzira za malamulo mayikidwe a mipatuliro, dashes, colons, semicolons. A mwachidule mbiri maziko mbiri ya zizindikiro.

stylistics

Kuphunzira sayansi zigawo chinenero ophunzira kenako anakumana ndi nthambi ya zilankhulo ndi stylistics. Zakhala kuphunzira masitayilo kulankhula, chikhalidwe chawo chachikulu ndi mbali ya chamoyo. Kupeza masitaelo zingapo zofunika, luso, asayansi journalistic, chipembedzo, pulaimale, epistolary.

Pa maphunziro, ana amaphunzirira kuunikila mbali iliyonse ya masitaelo ndi kudziwa za iwo uli izi kapena kuti lemba.

Culture wa kulankhula

Ndipo chigawo wotsiriza, amene ali ofunika ponena - chikhalidwe cha mawu. Iye kuphunzira malamulo m'kamwa ndi olembedwa a chinenero cha Chirasha. Nthawi zambiri malamulo gawo lino anaphunzira kuona zigawo zina za zilankhulo. Ndithu umakhudza chikhalidwe cha mawu stylistics Orthoepy ndi kalembedwe.

anapezazo

Ife tinapeza zigawo zomwe wa sayansi kuphunzira chinenero zochita kusukulu. Pakati pawo, monga phonetics ndi kalembedwe, mawu ndi phraseology, mawu mapangidwe ndi kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe, malembedwe ndi zopumira, komanso kalembedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha mawu. Pafupifupi onsewo n'zogwirizana, kudziwa mbali imodzi amalimbikitsa kuloŵerera malamulo ndi mzake pafupi.