Kodi konzani amadzimadzi njira ya mankhwala enaake ferric

Iron mankhwala enaake (III) mu njira mtundu bulauni angathe kukonzekera zasayansi kapena kunyumba. Amafuna kutentha zosagwira sanali zachitsulo cookware ndi oyera otentha madzi (yophika kapena otchezedwa). Pambuyo Kutha ndi kuthetsa akutembenukira woderapo madzi. Pali zinthu zingapo zochititsa wa yokonza ferric njira enaake, amene ayenera kudziwa musanayambe kugwira ntchito naye.

ferric mankhwala enaake

Anhydrous ferric enaake, chopangidwa ndi makampani mankhwala a - FeCl ₃ - timibulu woderapo ndi mithunzi ya wofiira, wofiirira, mdima wobiriwira. Molar kulemera - 162,21 g / mol. Mankhwala chimasungunula pa kutentha 307,5 ° C, ndi 500 ° C ayamba kuwola ndinso. Mu 100 ga madzi kusungunuka kulemedwa mchere anhydrous:

• 74,4 ga (0 ° C);
• 99 ga (25 ° C);
• 315 ga (50 ° C);
• 536 ga (100 ° C).

Anhydrous ferric mankhwala enaake (III) - hygroscopic zenizenizo mofulumira amakopeka chinyezi kuchokera malo ozungulira. Mu mlengalenga amachitira ndi madzi kutembenuza mibulu chikasu hexahydrate FeCl ₃ + 6H ₂ O. _The kachigawo misa anhydrous ferric mankhwala enaake mu mankhwala, anagula mu malonda, ukufika 95%. Pali pang'ono mankhwala enaake akakhala FeCl ₂ ndi zosafunika insoluble. Trade dzina - "Ferric mankhwala enaake." Thunthu la moto ndipo kuphulika, koma njira yake kumakhudza zikuwononga pa zinthu zitsulo.

Ferric mankhwala enaake hexahydrate (III)

Komanso makampani umabala anhydrous crystalline misa kachigawo ferric m'menemo (III) 60%. thunthu ndi lachikasu bulauni crystalline misa kapena lotayirira zidutswa za hue chomwecho. Mbali yofunika ya ayoni ndi ferric chitsulo - mtundu. Kwa mlingo wa makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa Fe ²⁺ ndi khalidwe Kamaoneka, hydrated ferric mankhwala enaake hexahydrate - buluu wobiriwira olimba. The makutidwe ndi okosijeni Fe ³⁺ ayoni tikhale mtundu ku zachikasu zofiirira. Pakuti mtima Mkhalidwe mu ferric njira mankhwala enaake ndi reagents:

• NaOH (limapezeka bulauni precipitate Fe (o) _3);
• K ₄ [Fe (CN) _6] (precipitate limapezeka KFe [Fe (CN) _6], buluu);
• KCNS, NaCNS (ferric thiocyanate anapanga Fe (CNS) ₃ wofiira).

Monga kuchepetsa ferric mankhwala enaake

zachitsulo (III) kolorayidi monga mtundu bulauni kapena yofiira njira angapezeke mu maukonde malonda, anakonza kwa zasayansi kapena kunyumba. Zikatero, kwenikweni amafuna kutentha zosagwira muli sanali zachitsulo (galasi, pulasitiki, ceramic). Madzi kupasuka mchere angathe kumwedwa kwa wapampopi. Safety - yophika kapena otchezedwa. Mkangano madzi 50-70 ° C anaikidwa mu chidebe ndipo ndiye anatsanulira mu chakudya chochepa mankhwala. Anapangira mankhwala enaake ferric ndi madzi - 1: 3. Pokonzekera njira ya crystalline ndiye madzi chofunika zochepa, chifukwa ali crystalline hydrate (40% mwa kulemera). Mankhwala anawonjezera kuti njira pang'onopang'ono, aliyense kutumikira - za 5-10 ga yomweyo kutsanulira Mangirirani mahatchi kugaleta lonse ali osavomerezeka chifukwa chikhalidwe mofulumira hydration anachita. Inu simungakhoze ntchito ziwiya zitsulo (spoons, spatulas). Mchere ayenera kwathunthu kotero mu madzi ofunda amene timibulu ayenera bwino kusakaniza madzi. Iwo Iyamba Kuwonjezera acid amathiridwa (1/10 ndi kulemera kwa makhiristo). Atamuimika maola angapo pansi pa precipitate ndi kumachitika chifukwa kukhalapo mu mayeso gawo ndi mapangidwe hydroxide chitsulo pa zotani. Iwo osasankhidwa katundu njira ndi woderapo ndi kusungidwa mu losindikizidwa chidebe pulasitiki pa kutentha zolimbitsa ndiponso kusapezeka kwa dzuwa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake ferric ndi zofunikira mafakitale. ntchito zapakhomo

Iron salt ntchito zosiyanasiyana. trivalent zitsulo mankhwala enaake ntchito mankhwala madzi, zitsulo, ndi kukonza inki. Thunthu ntchito mu kaphatikizidwe mafakitale organic (chothandizira, oxidant). Makamaka amafuna coagulating katundu ion Fe ³⁺ mu kuyeretsedwa kwa effluents oyang'anira tauni ndi mafakitale. Mu zochita za mankhwala enaake ferric particles chabwino insoluble coalesce ndi precipitate zosafunika. Mbalinso ya kumangako wa Mankhwala oipitsa sungunuka amachotsedwa zomera chithandizo madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito. The crystalline ndi mchere anhydrous FeCl ₃ ntchito mu njira ya etching zitsulo mbale. Mankhwala anawonjezera kuti konkire kuti ya limbitse mphamvu yake.

zochitika mankhwala mu etching matabwa dera. kukhwimitsa chitetezo

Popular mankhwala mankhwala kwa etching matabwa kusindikizidwa dera - ferric mankhwala enaake. A njira Mwaichi zakonzedwa ku makilogalamu 0,150 ya mchere ndi lita 0,200 a madzi ofunda. Lili ndi ayoni Fe ^3+, cl ^{- ndi} pawiri popangidwa ndi hydrolysis bulauni - ferric hydroxide. Anapeza ndondomeko monga chiwembu kuti: FeCl ₃ + 3HOH↔ Fe (o) ₃ ⁺ 3Cl ^- + 3H +. The sangathe ndi kuipitsidwa wa byproducts anachita gulu lomwe kusokoneza etching zina. Salt palokha - sanali kosakhazikika mankhwala, koma m'kati mogwirizana ndi zimatulutsa madzi nthunzi zikuwononga. ntchito ayenera kuchitidwa panja kapena chipinda bwino mpweya wokwanira. Lumikizanani ndi yankho ku khungu ndi nembanemba mucous chifukwa mu mkwiyo ndipo zikhoza dermatitis. M'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zida munthu woteteza (Goggles, Magolovesi). Pokhudzana ndi njira caustic m'pofunika kusambitsana khungu ndi madzi ambiri.