Kodi kumveka mafunde

Tikamaphunzira chikhazikitso cha Magetsi pa wina gawo kwenikweni wosasamala mafunde kumveka ndi voltages. zinthuzo ndi chibadidwe madera AC ndipo akhoza kukhala mwina osafunika zofuna iwo mu nkhani za kayeseleledwe ndi mphamvu kusinthitsa madera ndi zothandiza.

Mwachitsanzo, kumveka mu AC dera kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito wailesi: anatsekula oscillation dera zochokera kumveka voteji, timatha maulendo angapo kuti azimveka otsika mphamvu wailesi chizindikiro kuyambira chifukwa kusinthika "capacitance-inductance" ndi kukula ogwira nkhawa mfundo.

Anati oscillation dera - ndi maziko kuzindikira mmene kumveka panopa ndi (kapena) nkhawa. Ndi chatsekedwa magetsi dera wopangidwa mwa capacitor olumikizidwa ku kufanana (C thanki) ndi koyilo (inductance L). Mu kudzera njira ya "ikukoka" mphamvu ya capacitance za kuthengo magetsi kumunda maginito pali kudziletsa wozimitsa inductance (chifukwa kukhalapo kwa resistive chigawo R) kusinthasintha kwa pafupipafupi zina.

Mu resonant mode dera kukana kuti ndimeyi wa panopa chigawo yogwira umaimiridwa ndi R. Pali yekha kumveka panopa ndi kumveka voteji. Taganizirani zizindikiro zawo.

Kumveka panopa akupezeka dera mu kufanana ndi capacitor anazimitsa ndi koyilo, amene mavoti amasankhidwa kuti panopa C ndi L ndi panopa. Chifukwa cha «CL» mtengo wa masiku ano dera ndi apamwamba kuposa unyolo okwana.

Mfundo ntchito chiri motere: mphamvu mpaka mlandu kudzikundikira condenser (ndi mwadzina kotunga voteji). Zitatha izi ndi okwanira kusagwirizana gwero komanso kumaliza dera ku dera kuti ayambe kumaliseche kwa koyilo lapansi. Papita panopa mu izo amapanga maginito ndipo amapanga kudziona kupatsidwa ulemu electromotive mphamvu, oppositely imatsogoleredwa panopa. Mtengo wake pazipita kukufika pa nthawi ya kumaliseche wathunthu wa capacitor lapansi. Choncho, izi zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu yonse ya mphamvu anasonkhanitsa m'munda maginito likamadzakonzedwa inductance. Komabe, chifukwa chololera kupatsidwa ulemu koyilo zoyenda wa particles mlandu ndi ndinayima.

Popeza counterflow ku capacitor ndi kenanso (ali wotopa), zikuyamba kuchitika recharged, koma ndi polarity osiyana. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, onse koyilo wakumunda atatembenuzidwa mlandu capacitor ndi ndondomeko akubwereza. Chifukwa kukhalapo kwa mkati resistive chigawo R kumachitika pang'onopang'ono kuchepa mphamvu kusinthasintha. Choncho, kumveka bwino masiku ano anachita.

Kumveka nkhawa kumachitika pa mndandanda kugwirizana resistor R, ndi koyilo L ndi capacitor C. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri n'chakuti kuti magetsi voteji n'chozama kupitirira capacitor ndi koyilo (pa chilichonse mchitidwe payokha), koma ofanana panopa anakhalabe. Komanso, voteji ndipo panopa ali mu gawo. The chikhalidwe chachikulu kwa zikamera ndi yokonza ndondomeko - Kuyanjana pakathi pa inductive ndi capacitive reactance. Choncho, impedance ndicho kugwira ntchito.

Kudziwa mfundo mogwira mtima voteji kudutsa koyilo ndi capacitor ntchito malamulo Ohm a. Zikatero ndi wofanana ndi mankhwala a koyilo panopa kuti ndi reactance inductive (U1 = IX1). Choncho, panopa kwa capacitor ayenera kuchulukitsa ndi capacitance (U2 = IX2). Kuyambira mu mndandanda kugwirizana zinthu za panopa ali, ndi kumveka X1 = X2 voteji kudutsa inductance ndi capacitance ofanana. Choncho, kuwonjezera zigawo zotakasika, mungathe kukwaniritsa kuwonjezeka kwambiri U1 voteji ndi U2, pokhalabe mfundo zonse za EMF gwero. M'dera chachikulu cha ntchito - ndi zomangamanga wailesi.