Kodi nkhondo zonse? Mbiri ya zosayembekezereka wa chodabwitsa ndi

Ngakhale kalelo, anthu aphunzira kucheza ndi mzake. namatetule anthu kusanduka, zikubweretsa mapangidwe chinenero, kulemba, chikumbumtima chikhalidwe. Mothandizidwa ndi zochititsa anthu amene analenga ufumu, chikhalidwe ndi dera. Komabe, mu chitukuko inexorable wa anthu anatulukira zofunika kwambiri, koma ndi woopsa kwambiri khalidwe la moyo wake - nkhondo. Mawu amenewa akuimira nthawi pamene munthuyo kumvetsa mfundo ya mphamvu zawo, chomwe chingathe kubweretsa iye zina ubwino chikhalidwe. Nkhondo ndi chophweka njira kukwaniritsa chinachake, zikhoza kubweretsa zambiri, koma mtengo nkhondo, zipatso adzakhala mkulu chiwonongeko, imfa ndi mavuto. Lingaliro la nkhondo ndi mitundu ya kukhazikitsa zayambika limodzi ndi anthu.

M'pofunikanso kuyerekeza luso lankhondo la Aroma akale ndi anthu amakono. Mwatsoka, tiona kusiyana pa momwe anthu kupha anzawo kalelo, ndi momwe iwo akuchitira lero. nkhondo wakhala kusanduka kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo m'zaka za m'ma XX, mtundu watsopano wa zodabwitsazi lowopsya - okwana nkhondo.

Kufotokoza mwa chidule za

Kodi nkhondo zonse? Funso kazivutitsa andale ambiri kwa zaka zingapo. Kuti tiyankhe funso limeneli, m'pofunika kuti uone mawu mbiri ya umunthu, anatchuka kwambiri pa First World nkhondo. Erich Ludendorff - munthu amene mu 1935 lofalitsidwa buku lakuti "Total nkhondo". Mu izo, nawatanthawuzira akamanena za vutoli. Mwachidule, munthu uyu ndi bambo akuti "okwana nkhondo." Mu maganizo ake, zikutanthauza nkhondo asilikali, zilibe kanthu kodi chinthu chachikulu kuti amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu onse kutanthauza kwathunthu kuwononga mdani. Tikumbukenso kuti nkhondo okwana umalimbana chiwonongeko chotheratu cha osati zolinga lililonse pankhondoyo. Izo zonse zidzafika ku chiwonongeko banal wa wakutsutsana, kaya ndi boma lonse kapena chilli payekha. Koma pali malingaliro ena, ndi yankho ku funso la chimene ali okwana nkhondo.

Kukula mbiri ya chiphunzitso cha

The chiphunzitso cha asilikali Nazi asilikali mfundo okwana nkhondo anauika pakati pa XX atumwi, pa chofunikira kwambiri akuti wakhala anapanga kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma. Theorists nthawi kuti anaona kuti dziko kwambiri wosakhazikika, kotero nkhondo imene yatsala adzakhala wopambana amene adzatenga latsopano, mfundo zamakono za nkhondo. Choncho, kunkhondo kumvetsetsa oyambirira asayansi m'ma XX ankaona dongosolo osakaniza mbali ziwiri zikuluzikulu: kunja ndi mkati. Mwatsatanetsatane maphunziro a zinthu izi structural adzakuthandizani kumvetsa zimene okwana nkhondo.

masiteji

Pali mbali ziwiri zikuluzikulu za okwana nkhondo:

1. Gawo mkati wofanana ndi yolimbikitsa wodzala ndi mwamuna anthu onse a waukali chifukwa okwana nkhondo - nkhondo mitundu, kotero m'pofunika kupambana, kulimbana onse amene angakhoze kuchita izo. Komanso, gawo mkati chikuphatikizapo propaganda zonse mwa anthu, ntchito maganizo, kotero kuti maganizo a anthu anauzidwa kuti udani wa kutsidya lina la mkangano.
2. gawo lakunja - sikuli chabe kumenyana, monga mwawamba. Pofuna kukwaniritsa chiwonongeko chotheratu cha anthu mdani angakhale zosiyanasiyana. Okwana nkhondo makamaka kolimba ntchito mantha ndi kupululutsa a anthu wamba pa ndime ndi kanthu tingachipeze powerenga asilikali.

Goebbels: Zolankhula sportpalast

Mfundo yofunika ya okwana nkhondo analembedwa ntchito ya German asilikali lopondereza yekha mu 1943, pamene a Nazi anayamba kuvutika amapha kugonjetsedwa mu Russia. German zinachitika wa chodabwitsa ananenera mu mawu kwakukulu kwambiri zokopa mkulu Goebbels Germany. Total nkhondo masomphenya a munthu uyu anali kusiyana kwa zosinthika zachikhalidwe. Awiri mfundo zofunika akhala kuwonjezekeredwa zonse, koma mzere pansi anali pang'ono olakwika. Goebbels ntchito mfundo okwana nkhondo nkhani zandale za polimbana Bolshevism mu East, ndicho ku Soviet Union. Chotero, popeza mfundo Goebbels anapeza si asilikali komanso tanthauzo zandale yodziwika nkhondo ndi zina dongosolo chikhalidwe.

Total nkhondo nthawi Roma

The makings wa zoyamba za okwana nkhondo anaikidwa kale litali, mu masiku a Roma. M'pofunika kupereka msonkho kwa akuluakulu a nkhondo a nthawi, popeza nthawi ya anagonjetsa anthu atsopano ntchito machenjerero omwewo kuti ntchito m'njira. Pamene njira ya asilikali a Roma anakumana mudzi kapena mudzi, ndiye anthu onse anafunsidwa kuleka alumbire kuti azimvera Rome. Ngati anthu savomereza mwayi umenewu, mudzi inawonongedwa, ndipo anthu anakhala akapolo.

Chimodzimodzinso Yuliy Tsezar analanda Gau. Anazindikira kuti fuko lino pankhondo akhoza anagonja yekha kuswa mzimu wake. Choncho, Rome Total Nkhondo chimene chakhala mfundo za nkhondo, wapanga chopereka chachikulu kuti apange lingaliro ili.

M'nkhani ino ife tayesera funso "chimene ndi chiwonongeko nkhondo?" Akuti, tinganene kuti kuchokera amazionera mfundo zankhondo ndiponso zandale, ndi kumupatsa ziyenera mwangwiro zotengera malingaliridwe.