Koroleva Viktoriya: mkazi, anapereka dzina la chi

Siyense amalowerera kusiya mfumu palokha kukumbukira, ngati mayiyu. Pamene mbiri yakale kulankhula kwa United Ufumu wa Great Britain ndipo Northern Ireland, theka lachiwiri la XIX atumwi, munaitanidwa kuti zamunthawi ya Victoria England, ndi nthawi kuchokera 1837 kwa zaka 1901, lomwe wolamulira wake ndi Koroleva Viktoriya, wotchedwa nyengo zamunthawi ya Victoria. Koma chiyambi cha nthano anali kutali ndi duwa ...

Alexandrina Victoria anali mwana yekhayo wa Edward Augustus, Duke la Kent ku Hanover mafumu wolemekezeka ndi mmodzi wa mayiko German wa Victoria wa Saxe-Coburg-Zaalfeldskoy. mayi Victoria m'banja kwa nthawi yoyamba mu zaka 17, koma izo zinkawoneka amayembekezeka kuti anyamule mtanda wake. Mwamuna wake woyamba anafa zaka 11 m'banja, kusiya mkazi ndi ana awiri. Ukwati chachiwiri adalowa mu 1818. Mkwati (Kalonga wa Kent) anali pa nthawi ya 50. Mu miyezi 8 basi pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa mwana wake yekhayo, iye anafa ndi chibayo (Kutulukira mankhwala anali mkudza), masiku 6 patsogolo bambo ake, Mfumu ya Great Britain George III.

Tsogolo Mfumukazi Victoria anabadwa mu wodzichepetsa Kensington Palace kunja kwa mzinda wa London May 24, 1819. Ngakhale Victoria anali m'gulu yekha wachisanu mu mzera wachifumu, ndi kwa dala wake anali ang'ono, Kalonga wa Kent ankakhulupirira kuti olandira ena Adzaunikilanso tsogolo la Victoria ku mpando wachifumu, ngati sanabadwe pa nthaka British. Chifukwa anaumirira amayenda Germany ndi England. Victoria linali dzina osankhidwa mtsikana wakhanda. The godfather mwana anali Russian Mfumu Alexander I, chifukwa dzina wachiwiri anali tsogolo Mfumukazi Alexandrina. M'banja iye ankatchedwa Drina.

Victoria anabadwa mu banja lachifumu, koma ali mwana anathera zinthu m'malo yopapatiza (bambo wake anamusiya ngongole tinatengera).

Bambo ake ndi imfa agogo ake, Victoria akutenga malo wachitatu mu mzere ufumu pambuyo amalume awiri ana. Mfumu amakhala George IV, wakale regent wodwala bambo kuyambira 1811. Mfumu yatsopanoyi kulemedwa pa 120 makilogalamu, wokondedwa mwanaalirenji zosangalatsa. Ngakhale kuti anali kuonera mabuku Dzheyn Ostin, iye ankalimbikitsa ojambula zithunzi yake, koma mwana wa m'bale wa malemu mfumu, sakumvetsa. Iye monyinyirika analola Victoria ndi mayi ake kusamukira ku Kensington Palace, ndipo anatengera mtsikanayo gawo laling'ono. M'bale Leopold mayi (adzakhale Mfumu ya Belgium) analipira maphunziro ake.

Victoria sanapite ku sukulu anakaphunzira ku nyumba ya mbiri, madera, masamu, zoyambirira za chipembedzo, akuimba limba ndi zojambula. M'nthawi ya zaka zitatu, iye analankhula German yekha, koma ndiye m'malo mofulumira katswiri English ndi French. Ndiwofatsa mayi kutetezedwa naye mbali yoyipa ya moyo achifumu, anaika mwana wake mfundo mfulu ndi mmene waluntha. Atamwalira amalume atatu, kulekanitsa wolemekezeka ku mpando wachifumu pa zaka 18 Koroleva Viktoriya anakhala mfumu.

Iye amalamulira dziko zaka 63, miyezi 7 ndi masiku 2 (kuchokera mu 1837 mpaka 1901 zaka), lero akanali mfumu, motalikitsa-kutumikira wachifumu British. Pa zaka 21, Mfumukazi Britain anakwatira msuweni wake Albert wa Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, ndi German kalonga. Anali okwatira pa February 10, 1840 mu nyumba yopemphereramo wa Royal Palace ku St. James.

Mu ulamuliro Victoria, Britain wakhala wamphamvu ufumu, mumalamulira kotala ya dziko, asilikali ake anamenyana pa amadzibisa ambiri. Chiwerengero cha dziko lakhala kawiri ndipo ambiri azidzakhala m'tawuni. Ukapolo linathetsedwa. M'mizinda panali madzi, mpweya, magetsi, apolisi, misewu phula ndi njinga ngo, woyamba masitampa ndi okhala, komanso oyamba padziko lonse lapansi yapansi (wotchuka London chubu). Kumanga mafakitale ndi njanji, kujambula kupangidwa, matayala labala, ndi mailboxes woyamba ndi makina osokera. Drina mwamuna wake Albert woyang'anira za umisiri watsopano ndi chidwi iwo. Zinaoneka malamulo pa maphunziro a ana ndi misa kutsegula sukulu anayamba.

Koroleva Viktoriya anali mfumu adatoma kala pa BUCKINGHAM Palace. Ankakonda kuimba moyo wanga wonse kwambiri kudzatunga, kulemba mabuku, kupita ku opera ndipo anali kwambiri losangalala. Komabe, imfa ya mwamuna wake anadabwa mfumukazi. Albert anali wachiwiri wake m'nkhani ino ndiponso ulamuliro wa dziko, ndipo moyo wa banja. Iye maliro imfa yake pafupifupi zaka 10 mpaka imfa yake, ndi chisoni ndipo anthu analibe mtima. Kumanzere mkazi wamasiye pa zaka 42, Mfumukazi Britain sadzachitanso napeza mphamvu za kubwerera ku ntchito yake, ndipo ana.

Pa Victoria ndi Albert anali ndi ana asanu ndi anayi, adzukulu 40 ndi 37 zidzukulutudzi. Ana eyiti mfumu atakhala pa mipando ya Europe. Anapulumuka wamkulu, amene anali m'chipani cha m'ma XIX. Komabe, monga kunapezeka kenako, Koroleva Viktoriya anali chonyamulira cha amapatsira mwana wake jini, kufalitsa matenda mwa mabanja morganatic ambiri banja European achifumu, kuphatikizapo banja la Russian Tsar Nicholas II, amene mkazi Alexander anali mdzukulu wa Mfumukazi Victoria. Chokhacho ankayembekezera kulowa ufumu Russian, Tsarevich Aleksey anavutika kwambiri ku matenda.

Chimodzimodzi Koroleva Viktoriya, amene yonena si nkhawa mbadwo wa mbiri yakale amene akwanitsa anapulumuka zoyesayesa asanu kuphedwa ndipo anamwalira mu '81 ku sitiroko a. Iye anaikidwa mu mausoleum mu Windsor Frogmorskom. Mfumukazi atsopano a ku United Kingdom Mfumukazi Elizabeth II ndi mwamuna wake, Prince Albert, ndi lalikulu-agogo-agogo-adzukulu a Victoria.