Kuchuluka potaziyamu mu mwazi: Zoyambitsa ndi Chithandizo

Magazi zikuchokera ndi yosiyanasiyana. Iwo ali ambiri wothandizila udindo kuchititsa njira zosiyanasiyana mu thupi. Nkofunika kukhalabe zonse amaayoni zikuchokera magazi. Only mu boma liyenera ikuyenda mayankho selo. A udindo wapadera uli pakati ayoni ndi potaziyamu. Kufufuza chinthu zipangitsa uziyenda yachibadwa za mtima. Iye nawo mu njira amuzolengedwa mu ubongo ndi ziwalo zina za mundawo m'mimba. Onse kachitidwe sangaone ngati pali kochulukira potaziyamu m'magazi. Zimayambitsa matenda amenewa akutanthauza kuphunzira zambiri.

Udindo wa potaziyamu kwa thupi

Kufufuza zinthu zili maselo, ndi udindo zambiri njira kunachitika thupi. Iwo akuchita lamulo bwino madzi, matenda mtima mungoli. Komanso, potaziyamu zimakhudza ntchito kwa maselo ambiri, makamaka minofu ndi mitsempha.

mchere Izi kufufuza kumapangitsa momveka maganizo, kumathandiza thupi kuchotsa poizoni, bwino oxygenation ubongo. Amagawanika kuti immunomodulators potaziyamu. Kufufuza chinthu bwino amathandiza kulimbana ndi chifuwa ndipo kumathandiza kuti ndichepe zoipazi.

Choncho, udindo wa potaziyamu kwa thupi motere:

1. Kusintha muyezo asidi-m'munsi magazi, muyezo madzi selo ndi madzimadzi intercellular, ndi bwino madzi amchere, osmotic anzawo.
2. kufala kwa zikhumbo za mitsempha.
3. Kutsegula wa michere zina zimam'patsa ndipo thupi mapuloteni.
4. Chisamaliro cha mungoli yachibadwa mtima.
5. Mapuloteni kaphatikizidwe, kutembenuka kwa shuga mu glycogen.
6. Kupereka normalization wa impso (ntchito excretory).
7. Patsogolo ntchito matumbo.
8. wabwinobwino kuthamanga thandizo.

Popeza zonsezi, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa zobisika, ngati detects kochulukira potaziyamu mu magazi, chifukwa zodabwitsazi. Koma pamaso inu mukumvetsa magwero kudwala ayenera kutchula nkhani yaikulu.

Chinawonjezeka mlingo pangozi?

The zili kufufuza amafotokozera mu thupi zikudalira pa njira monga:

• ntchito potaziyamu ndi zakudya;
• yogawa ake mu thupi;
• achire wa amafotokozera kufufuza.

palibe "zofikira" si chinanena mu thupi kwa potaziyamu. Choncho, zopatuka chilichonse mlingo anakhumba kungakhale zosiyanasiyana matenda. Tiyeni kumvetsa chifukwa potaziyamu m'mwazi kuchuluka kapena kuchepa ndipo mlingo wa chiyani.

Poyamba, taganizirani zimene zili micronutrient kovomerezedwa.

Pakuti mwamuna oopsa komanso kusowa na potassium owonjezera. Kuchuluka potaziyamu m'magazi, ngati kusanthula limasonyeza zili kufufuza zinthu mu plasma, upambana mtengo wa 5.5. Pankhaniyi, wodwala matenda ndi hyperkalemia.

Malinga chiwerengero cha "kusadziletsa" mtima potaziyamu angathe:

1. Ziwalo za minofu minofu. chikhalidwe akhoza yochepa. Iye limodzi ndi kufooka ambiri.
2. Mtima arrhythmias. Wodwala angaoneke yamitsempha yamagazi paroxysmal tachycardia ndi zina chikhalidwe mofanana zosasangalatsa. Ena a iwo akhoza kuyambitsa imfa.
3. Kulakwila ntchito kupuma, mpaka siteji.

zifukwa onyenga chifukwa kuwonjezeka

N'chifukwa chiyani kuchuluka potaziyamu mu magazi zingaoneke? Zimayambitsa chikhalidwe ichi ndi zoona kapena zabodza. Pa loyamba, tidzakambirana ina. Ndipo tsopano ona zimene zimachititsa angasonyeze hyperkalemia onyenga. Onse a iwo ali oyanjana ndi mkhutu magazi zitsanzo zosankhidwazi njira.

kusanthula angasonyeze ndi okhutira kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu, kumene:

• phewa kwa nthawi yaitali wakhala wothinikizidwa oyang'anira (kuposa 2-3 Mphindi);
• zinthu zamoyo kusungidwa molakwa;
• magazi zitsanzo zosankhidwazi zinachitika kulowa kukonzekera thupi potaziyamu;
• pa kuwunika anavulala Vienna;
• wodwalayo msinkhu kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera, maselo othandiza magazi kuundana.

Ngati dotolo amakayikira zotsatira pa phunzirolo, mtima wa tikulimbikitsidwa kuti retake mayeso.

The zifukwa

Tsopano tafika pa gwero oona, imene ndi mlingo bwino potaziyamu m'magazi. zifukwa kungakhale chifukwa chikoka cha zinthu zina kapena chifukwa cha pathologies mkati.

Nthawi zambiri magwero a hyperkalemia monga:

1. mankhwala Kugwiritsa nkhanza munali ndalama zambiri potaziyamu. zakudya zotere mtedza, kolifulawa, zipatso zouma bowa, mchewere, nthochi, kumalimbikitsa kufufuza amafotokozera mu madzi a m'magazi. Komabe, pathological angayambe pokhapokha ngati wodwala ali chakhungu ntchito aimpso, makamaka kugwira ntchito excretory.
2. Yokulirapo kudzipatula maselo potaziyamu. Chotero kusokonekera kwa ayoni akhoza malinga ndi matenda osiyanasiyana m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zimenezi kumaoneka pa zili otsika insulin, kuchuluka shuga ndende, acidosis (acidification interstitial madzimadzi). Kulephera njira kagayidwe kachakudya, amene auka madzi mu potaziyamu intercellular, zingaoneke mu oipa chotupa formations, amayaka yaikulu, kuwonongeka yaikulu ulusi minofu.
3. Low mkodzo excretion. Chifukwa chachikulu cha boma - ndi aimpso kulephera zomwe kulephera amawapeza ntchito excretory. Zosasangalatsa chodabwitsa akhoza zingasiyane ndi matenda ena. Hyperkalemia zambiri amapezeka motsutsa likhale insufficiency adrenocortical, ashuga nephropathy, matenda zokhudza zonse (monga lupus, amyloidosis).

mankhwala zimayambitsa

Pali chinthu chinanso zinachititsa kuti madokotala akunena kuti potaziyamu m'mwazi kuchuluka. Zimayambitsa chikhalidwe ichi chimene chingabisike mu ntchito pokonzekera mankhwala. Chonde kudziwa kuti mankhwala zambiri kutulutsa zizindikiro m'malo zosasangalatsa.

Hyperkalemia lingachititse:

1. NSAIDs.
2. Potaziyamu-yosalekerera okodzetsa, "Triamterene", "Spironolokton".
3. Zinthu kukhala mkulu wa ndende cations. Osiyanasiyanawo mbewu zopereka nettle, milkweed, dandelion.
4. Medicaments kuti akhoza kusokoneza zoyendera potaziyamu mwa selo nembanemba. Mankhwalawa ndi mtima glycosides, beta-blockers, mankhwala "Mannitol".
5. Kucheperachepera amasulidwe aldosterone. Izi mankhwala antifungal, Ace blockers mankhwala "Heparin".

Zizindikiro khalidwe

Mukazindikira zimayambitsa potaziyamu mkulu mu madzi a m'magazi akhoza kukhala dokotala. Koma wodwala ayenera kulabadira umboni uliwonse kuti thupi amam'dziŵitsa vuto.

Pamene hyperkalemia mtima ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• ofuntha, irritability, mantha, nkhawa, profuse thukuta;
• osachiritsika matenda minofu mitsempha, minofu kufooka kumaonekera;
• arrhythmia amapezeka cardiopsychoneurosis ;
• pali ziwalo za minofu minofu;
• akusokoneza matumbo, wodwalayo akuvutika omangana;
• Zikuoneka dysuria (ndi kufulumizitsa ndondomekoyi).

njira matenda

Kupeza zili mkulu wa potaziyamu mu magazi zitha ndi maphunziro zasayansi.

Kwa matenda a odwala Kwalamulidwa mayesero awa:

1. chopereka magazi. The m'chigulugulu ndi ochititsa 3.5-5.5 mmol / L mu seramu. Mu kukhalapo kwa cation zili matenda chinawonjezeka.
2. Urinalysis. Matenda ndende ya potaziyamu amene ali linanena bungwe thupi.
3. ECG. Kudwala limasonyeza kochulukira matalikidwe a yoweyula T, ndi elongated yamitsempha yamagazi zovuta.

chithandizo matenda

Kumbukirani, ichi si chikhalidwe lalikulu, ngati wodwalayo kochulukira potaziyamu m'magazi. Zoyambitsa ndi mankhwala a matenda angachiritsidwe mokwanira yekha ndi katswiri.

Komanso, hyperkalemia aakulu kungachititse kuyenda monga tafotokozazi, ndi owopsa kwa moyo wa munthu: kumangidwa kupuma kapena mtima. N'chifukwa chake mankhwala ali anayamba mwamsanga pamene wodwala matenda.

Therapy zikuphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Mtsempha kutumikiridwa muzikangana potaziyamu. Mosamalitsa kulamulira zochitika mtima Dokotalayu salamula ndi "kashiamu gluconate".
2. Kusokonekera cation mkati maselo. Izi amachepetsa ndende zake magazi. Zolinga zimenezi, mankhwala mtsempha, "insulin" ndi "shuga".
3. Chisamaliro cha potaziyamu yachibadwa excreted mu mkodzo. Analimbikitsa okodzetsa thiazide monga mankhwala "Furosemide".
4. Dialysis. Ntchito makina wapadera aisadza magazi. chochitika Tikutero chifukwa matenda aakulu.
5. Mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala, ion kuwombola resins. Zida izi zakhazikitsidwa pa cation akuchedwa matumbo ndi linanena bungwe ku chimbudzi.
6. Beta-mimetics. Mankhwala "Salbutamol" kumapangitsa kayendedwe ka potaziyamu mu maselo.

malangizo ofunikira

Koma kumbukirani: ndikofunika kukhazikitsa woona ngati matenda kuchuluka potaziyamu mu magazi, chifukwa okhumudwa. Ndipotu, m'pofunika kulimbana ndi matenda chiopsezo osati zizindikiro zake. Ngati matenda chikwiyire ndi phwando mankhwala, adokotala kuchepetsa mlingo kapena achotsa mankhwala chikwiyire kudwala. Komanso, odwala akulimbikitsidwa zakudya, kutanthauza osati chakudya munali ndende wamkulu wa cation lapansi.