Kudalirana mu zamoyo ndi chiyani? Tanthauzo ndi zitsanzo za kudalirana

kudalirana mu zamoyo ndi chiyani? Ndi mtundu wa pangano tacit anthu awiri kapena kuposa, yoperekedwa kwa mitundu ndi zosiyana. Zimenezi akhoza kutenga maonekedwe a kudalirana commensalism ndi parasitism. Zamoyo Pankhaniyi amatchedwa symbionts.

kudalirana mu zamoyo Kodi: tanthauzo

Symbiosis kucheza aliyense pakati pa mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya anthu. phunziro lake ndicho machitidwe zamoyo umene umabweretsa pamodzi osati magulu osiyanasiyana a kusanthula zamoyo ku maselo kwa zachilengedwe, komanso amafufuza ubale pakati pa zamoyo mu madambwe zitatu. Kukula kwa malowa akadali pa siteji oyambirira ake, koma posachedwapa, zotsatira sanatenge nthawi yaitali kudikira.

Mitundu ya kudalirana

kudalirana mu zamoyo Kodi (kalasi 5)? Symbiosis - ndi ubwenzi pakati pa zamoyo awiri kapena kuposa wamoyo mogwirizana ndi mzake. Mogwirizana kumachitika pamene mitundu iwiri moyo pamalo amodzi ndi limodzi kapena onse phindu Chrixitu. Tanthauzo ili ndi loti predation ayi, chifukwa akhoza kuona ngati mtundu wa kudalirana.

Ndithudi, imodzi mwa mitundu ya kudalirana, parasitism, ndi chabe mwapadera predation. Ngakhale izi, ecologists m'kagulu predation ndi kudalirana kwa mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya ankachita. Pali mitundu itatu waukulu ankachita symbiotic. kudalirana ichi, parasitism, commensalism.

kudalirana

Kudalirana - ichi ndi chimodzi yotchuka kwambiri ndipo ambiri zosawononga chilengedwe chofunika kudalirana mitundu. Mu mwaulemu Mwachitsanzo, tizilombo ndi zomera (kubereketsa zomera). Zimenezi n'zothandiza ndi Nkhata-Nkhata kwa onsewo. Tizilombo, mbalame ndiponso ngakhale nyama mu mawonekedwe a timadzi tokoma kwa zapamoyo. Chomera, Komano, analandira lalikulu mwayi ubereki - ndicho, iwo ndi mwayi kunyamula mungu kuti zomera zina.

Popeza zomera si kawirikawiri pamodzi, mabvuto kuti ntchito ubereki popanda intermediaries. Mu nkhani iyi, kudalirana amangoika kofunika, ndipo mu gawo lonse la Mau. Popanda mungu, zomera ambiri akhoza pazokha kunja. Komano, mungu zomera, tizilombo ambiri akhala akuikidwa mavuto aakulu. Ndi kwenikweni Nkhata-Nkhata mgwirizano.

Zitsanzo za kudalirana mu zamoyo lekani. zosangalatsa njira opindulitsa mgwirizano wina Tingaone poyerekezera ndi ena mitundu ya nyerere ndi nsabwe. Nsabwe - kakang'ono, zofewa tizilombo kudya mbewu kuyamwa, ndipo monga zinyalala iwo excrete ena a shuga ndi madzi. Zimakhala chakudya oyenera winawake nyerere. Ndiyeno nyerere nthawi zambiri awatengere iwo ku malo atsopano, motero magwero zina mphamvu.

parasitism

kudalirana mu zamoyo ndi chiyani? mgwirizano uno, Komabe, si nthawi zonse kubweretsa ubwino yekha. ubwenzi Parasitic, mosiyana mutualistic, nthawi zonse kutanthauza zofuna lochitira. Ndipotu, Gona izi zonse mtundu wa kupambana-kutaya. Nthawi zina maganizo woluza sizichitika kawirikawiri, mgwirizano uwu anawonetseredwa mu mawonekedwe cha ululu, mu zina, parasitism zingachititse kuti imfa.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya majeremusi, koma iwo anawagawa mitundu ikuluikulu iwiri. Ena amakonza zoti okhala mu thupi la eni, kumene akukhala, pamene ena kudyetsa padziko.

Mtundu woyamba amatchedwa endoparasites, mogwirizana izi zingathe kudzetsa matenda otsekula m'mimba ndi kupweteka kwambiri, kuononga kwa lymph mfundo ndi chifukwa kutupa miyendo (elephantiasis). Mtundu chachiwiri, lotchedwa ectoparasites, kumathandizanso zoipa wovalayo lapansi. Zikuphatikizapo nsabwe, udzudzu ndi tizirombo tina, awa ndi malo ogona, chakudya, ndi pa nthawi ino mbuye wawo amalandira kuwonongeka kwa amakhala osiyana.

commensalism

kudalirana mu zamoyo ndi chiyani? Choyamba, mgwirizano uno. Imodzi mwa mitundu kwambiri osowa chikhalidwe ndi kudalirana commensalism. Pankhaniyi, phindu analandira mbali imodzi yokha. The chachiwiri ndi mgwilizano ngati ngakhale wotentha kapena wozizira. Pezani zitsanzo si yovuta. Komabe, zitsanzo zochepa angapereke.

Commensalism - kuyanjana kwa okwatirana awiri kapena kuposa amene amakhala komwe yekha akupindula mgwirizano, ndi zina chabe kuthawa sinawonongeke. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ting'onoting'ono kuya nyanja, lotchedwa prilipaly ndi anemones, zaikidwa mu njira yapadera kwa anthu akuluakulu (zinsomba ndi nsombazo) aliyense chakudya ndi chakudya ndalama zawo. Anaphonya particles ting'onoting'ono chakudya yomweyo chosakanikirana ndi tizilombo "zabwino". Pochita zimenezi zigwirizana actinium ndi nsomba chisudzo.

Chitsanzo cha commensalism angasonyeze ena abuluzi m'chipululu kuti apeze malo awo okhala mu anasiya makoswe kapena njoka kamakumba una. Abuluzi ndi magazi, pamene nyama wina sakhala nawonso andichitire zomwezo.

kudalirana mu zamoyo ndi chiyani? Mu mawu osavuta tikhoza kunena kuti ndi zabwino, zoipa kapena ndale co-ntchito pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana zamoyo.