Kum'mawa Nkhondo za Mtanda: mwachidule za zazikulu

Misonkhano mwachidule kufotokoza kovuta. Iwo sanali ogwirizana ndi kampeni nawo nkhondo limodzi, ndipo anapitiriza m'zaka ziwiri za mbiri European, pamene Ankhondo Mkhristu, anthu wamba ndi ana osiyana kupita msasa m'mayiko a kummawa.

Nkhondo za Mtanda: mwachidule za mmene onse anayamba

Yambani chaonekera mu chaka cha 1095, pamene Papa Urban ulaliki wake wotchuka. Anaitanitsa asilikali Mkhristu kumasula Land Woyera ndi Manda Opatulika mu Yerusalemu nakhala pa nthawi ndi Asilamu. Kwenikweni, iwo anali wamkulu komanso woyamba ndi cholinga declarative ya Nkhondo za Mtanda. Kumene, iwo kwenikweni ndi chifukwa zofunika chabe kufuna kumasula Manda Opatulika.

Nkhondo za Mtanda: mwachidule pa malo a

Dera la Yerusalemu ndi Palestine anali m'manja mwa Asilamu kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma VII. Komabe, zaka mazana angapo, si osasamala ku Ulaya Akhristu. kuti mpaka kufika m'ma XI, mayiko amenewa anali pansi pa ulamuliro wa pokhapokhapo Arab, amene osati saletsa, koma analimbikitsanso kuyenda awo amwendamnjira Woyera Christian
Ground. Mwa zina, ndi bwino kuti malonda ndi kuwombola chikhalidwe pakati pa chitukuko awiri. Komabe, mu 1076, Syria ndi Palesitina anagwidwa ndi Seljuk Turkey - kwambiri woipitsitsawu poyerekeza ndi Aluya anthu ndi zochepa wololera. Posachedwapa ku Ulaya anayamba kuyendayenda mphekesera za kunyoza Kachisi wa Ambuye. Komanso, mphamvu kukula ya boma Seljuk anali oopsa chitetezo Ufumu wa Byzantium - kum'mawa linga lolimba wa Chikhristu. Choncho, misonkhano kwa ena a ku Ulaya mmene zoteteza zitsulo anachita. Kwenikweni, ndi pempho la Byzantine Mfumu Alekseya Komnina thandizo ndi chitetezo, ndi zinkayembekezera Nkhondo za Mtanda. Mwachidule pa malo a yokopa, m'pofunikanso osanenapo chakuti chinathandiza zachuma ndi njira ndale mu Europe. Ang'onoang'ono kulimbana zinachititsa ambiri a wa ambuye opanda minda (wamng'ono ana), kufunafuna kupambana dziko m'mayiko kum'mawa. Nzika ndi alimi komanso lankhosa izi kokayenda ambiri kuwonongeka mafoni (serfage ndi T. D.)

Bicentennial Misonkhano Zopatsa achipembedzo

The Kampeni Choyamba unayambitsidwa mu 1096. Mu 1099 Yerusalemu anatengedwa, ndi m'madera mukukhala anali limati loyamba la Akhristu. M'zaka ziwiri, panali yokopa eyiti. Nthawi zambiri, iwo anali kutsogozedwa ndi mafumu European. Mwina odziwika kugulu ndi mfumu English, Richard ndi Lionheart. Nthawi zambiri maulendo anali zolusa chikhalidwe. Ndi osiyana a bwino Akhristu anawonjezera ndipo anataya zigawo knightly malamulo ku Palestine. Komabe, zaka mazana awiri ya nkhondoyo chifukwa chakuti mu 1291 anagwa lolimba knightly achitetezo pa kum'mawa kwa ekala. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa kugonjetsedwa komaliza anali ndondomeko lolimba kwa Akhristu komanso kuyesetsa nthawi zonse wokakamiza anthu wamba mlendo kwa iwo ang'onoang'ono umoyo ndi zachuma dongosolo, chimene chinapangitsa chitsutso nthaŵi zonse yotsirizira ndi kumana azungu anafunika kulimbikitsa m'munsi zachuma.