Kurenivsko tsoka la 1961 Kiev: mbiri, malongosoledwe

Pang'ono kuposa zaka pafupifupi kuyambira tsiku kunachitika mu likulu la Soviet Ukraine ndi opangidwa ndi tsoka. Tikhoza kunena kuti pafupifupi aliyense wa achinyamata ambiri sakudziwika Kurenivsko tsoka mu 1961.

anali Kodi chete Kiev

Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, makamaka kuti kusangalatsa anthu, chiwerengero chenicheni cha imfa wachinsinsi. Ife tikungodziwa za kanjedza nduna - mu osiyanasiyana anthu 145. Palibe zodabwitsa zotsatira woona tsoka kwa nthawi yaitali ndi mosamala chobisika. Kwa masiku angapo mu mzere Kyiv chete kwenikweni - foni ndi wazimitsa, kunali kosatheka kufika kulikonse. Ngakhale ndege zonyamula ankaletsedwanso kuwuluka malo a ngozi masabata angapo. Kurenivsko tsoka chinachitika mwadzidzidzi ndipo anayesa chete.

chochitika pafupifupi sanatchulepo. Mwina anafa ali mu uthunthu wa 1.5-2 anthu zikwi. Kyiv, palibe amene sanadziwe tsiku limenelo March 13, 1961 adzakhala omaliza pa moyo wawo. Ndi nthawi kupeza momwe tsoka zinachitika Kurenevsko ndipo anabisidwa kwa zaka zambiri!

Kodi izo zonse zinachitika

Lolemba m'mawa. Zingatanthauze kuti alipidwa chiyambi cha sabata ntchito ya dziko la anayamba sosholisimu. nzika Soviet kuthamangira kwa ntchito, kuphunzira. mabasi ndi magalimoto, monga mwa nthawi zonse, ndi zonse.

Choyamba, Kurenyovka, ndi mzinda, maonekedwe mwadzidzidzi yaing'ono mtsinje madzi anapanga n'zosatheka kuyenda m'misewu. Posakhalitsa, kuchokera Babi Yar zamkati akuthovoka yoweyula kutalika mamita 14 pa mphindi kudutsa mamita 5. ndi kwenikweni mphindi zochepa chabe ya m'dziko la pafupifupi 30 mahekitala zinali zovuta kuphunzira. Choncho anayamba Kurenevsko chigumula mu 1961.

The imene yatsala imvi bulauni mudflow chigumukire unadzaza misewu, anatembenuza magalimoto ndi magalimoto, kuononga nyumba, ndi kukokera oyenda pansi. Zonse padziko chidafundidwa ndi matope wosanjikiza, limene panali dongo, mchenga, pellets ndi dothi linalo. Kugwa kwa mizati magetsi zinachititsa kuti pamoto, chifukwa munadzaza trams okwera, trolleys ndi mabasi. Anthu ankanena anatengedwa modzidzimutsa: ena kadzutsa, munthu anayesera kuti amutche kuchokera malipiro foni mu thandala ndi, etc. Kenako lembani kuti anali weniweni Kiev Pompeii ... Kurenivsko tsoka la 1961 kupha anthu ambiri, amene angoyankhula izo sanafune.

zoopsa chithunzi

Iwo anasunga dongosolo la zochitika za zoyipa Kurenyovka. Chiwonongeko kuopseza zinachitika pafupifupi atatu koloko. Nthawi yobvuta anadza pa asanu maminiti forte-faifi (ndi zinthu zina - pa hafu pasiti eyiti m'mawa). Icho chinali chithunzi choopsa. Anathawa ku ukapolo kiyubiki mamita 700 zikwi zamkati, mofulumira, anagwetsa chirichonse chimene chinali mwa njira zawo, kuphatikizapo yomanga. Mu mtsinje ambiri, adali ndi m'lifupi 20 meters, sanali yekha kwa anthu amene si choncho mwayi. Madzi anakumba m'manda mu manda kumene matupi ananyamuka zidutswa zovunda mabokosi.

Kurenivsko tsoka la 1961 Zinali zomvetsa chisoni ndi mantha. Chirichonse chimene chinachitika, zinali zovuta kuti tinene. Anthu kupulumuka sindikufuna kukumbukira tsiku limenelo, monga ambiri ataya munthu.

Kuwononga otaya madzi wadutsa pa Frunze Street

Koposa zonse anapita zinthu mafunde ake a kampani "Ukrpromkonstruktor" sitima zofikira Krasin, zipatala, bwaloli "Spartak". Kuonongeka gawo la msewu Frunze, komanso nyumba, amene m'dera chigwa. Total osefukira m'dera la mamita lalikulu 5000. mamita anatembenuka nyumba 53, kuphatikizapo m'zipinda zogona ziwiri. Anthu oposa theka la nyumba bwanji - chimodzi-storey nyumba. Kurenivsko tsoka la 1961 Kiev wachititsa disruptions angapo.

Ndi kanthu ake molimba mtima ndiponso mwamsanga ogwira ntchito ya sitima zofikira mphamvu substation anali wolumala. Choncho zinali zotheka kuteteza moto kupitirirabe zoyendera magetsi ndi kuopseza angathe mantha magetsi. Pang'onopang'ono, yoweyula watha mphamvu yake, mu msewu Frunze kutalika kwake zosakwana hafu. Komabe, iye anakwanitsa kutenga moyo wa anthu ngakhale mazana angapo a Kiev.

Lolemba - tsiku lolemera

The zamkati, chimene chidadzadza m'deralo, tikaumbike, pafupifupi wofanana ndi osalimba a mwala. Thunthu madzi wothira sitediyamu matope nkhungu wosanjikiza dothi yokutidwa "Spartak" pafupi Podolsky mbadwa. Ngakhale lalitali anali odzipereka, ngati wosanjikiza makulidwe a mamita atatu.

Iye anatsutsa nkhonyayo Podolsky Hospital, denga amene anakwanitsa kukwera chotero kupulumutsa ena odwala. Koma kwa anthu ambiri Kurenevka fateful Lolemba anali ngati "tsiku la Pompeii."

Unakhalabe kwa nthawi yaitali mu chinsinsi Kurenivsko tsoka. Monga izo zinali, nthawi yomweyo timakumbukira mboni, kutsogolo kwa amene akhoza kuona misozi.

kuti lachilendo

Iwo analandira malangizo chinsinsi kuchita maliro akuluakulu pafupifupi mobisa, popanda maliro yapachiweniweni mu manda osiyana mu Kiev. Ena mwa m'manda ngakhale mkati m'deralo. kukhwimitsa tinapangidwa kubisa lenileni nambala amene anakhudzidwa n'kupeŵa kumveka ndale.

Komabe, tiyenera kupereka msonkho kwa utsogoleri - wosasangalala nzika amene nyumba anali a m'derali, amene anaperekedwa mafungulo ku nyumba. Komanso kwapatsidwa mwayi kugula zipangizo ngongole banja pansi pa makuponi anapatsidwa wapadera.

Qualitatively kubisala izi tsoka chachikulu Kurenivsko 1961 (Kiev, Ukraine), amene ankanena makumi nthawi zambiri miyoyo kuposa analengeza mayiko ena.

Ulendowu zinthu zakale posachedwapa

Anthu amafunsa funso zimene zimachititsa tsoka Kurynivska. Kodi zinachitika mwadzidzidzi ndi kanthu, monga iwo amati, palibe zizindikiro za vuto? Tiyenera mlandu opangidwa tsoka chabe mchitidwe? Mwina tsoka zinali zotheka chifukwa cha chinthu anthu (a ukachenjede miscalculations, irresponsibility munthu)? Kapena panali kusokonezedwa a mizimu? Kuti tiyankhe mafunso amenewa, m'pofunika kuti ulendo zinthu zakale posachedwapa ndi kuchita pang'ono kufufuza. Osati chifukwa panalibe izi tsoka Kurenivsko. "Temberero la Babi Yar" kuzitcha izo am'deralo. N'chifukwa chiyani tikutero? Izi zimaonekeratu ngati tipitiriza kuwerenga nkhaniyi.

Pa Great kukonda dziko lako lonse, pamene Kiev anali kulamulidwa ndi Anazi mu Babi Yar panali kupereka misa. Okwana pano anapeza imfa yawo kuposa 260 zikwi za anthu osalakwa amene pafupifupi 150 Ayuda zikwi. The Germany, amachita zonse zotheka kubisa milandu awo akuluakulu ndi moto matupi pambuyo pake.

mfundo zoopsa

Pambuyo kugonjetsa Fascism Babi Yar anakopeka looters. Analamula "archeologists wakuda" tinkering pa nthaka, kuyesa kupeza kumene mphete zagolide ndi mano.

akayanjana njira amwano. Pa malo pomwe ANAPUMA yokutidwa ndi dziko lapansi zotsalira anthu, amayenera kukhala paki zosangalatsa wakwera ndi pansi kuvina. Pankhaniyi, komiti wamkulu wa bungwe City potengera mfundo m'Malemba: thupi anawomberedwa Ayuda si oyenera chithandizo anthu, kunali koyenera kupewa adani.

Mochedwa 40 - oyambirira 50 ntchentche za m'ma chatha kalikiliki kumanga nyumba zikuluzikulu za zogona nyumba mkulu-nyamuka pafupi ndi Kiev, limene ambiri ikutchedwa ndi "Khrushchev". Chiyukireniya SSR Capital kukodzedwa ndi zigawo nyumba yatsopano. Zomangamanga pali kukufunikira ambiri njerwa. Pofuna kukumana kufunika alipo mafakitale njerwa ankayenera kugwira ntchito usana ndi usiku.

Mizu ya tsoka opangidwa

Kurenivsko tsoka (March 13 , 1961, Kiev) sizinachitike usiku, zinthu ayenera anafuna mu 1950. Mu Moscow, gulu la polojekiti wakhala akupangidwa ndi unduna wa Zipangizo zomangira mu Babi Yar dongosolo hayidiroliki kwa yosungirako zinyalala makamaka zomera njerwa Petro. kukhazikitsa anayenera chitani zotsatirazi chosankha pansi nambala 582 ndi komiti wamkulu wa Kyiv Council City. Posachedwapa "kuwala," mutu wa asilikali anaganiza kusintha Baibulo pachiyambi. Choncho kale kudziko lina №2405, chimene? atasankha mlingo wa kuchuluka iye anali kukwaniritsa mzere pa chigwa cha.

A wakale mchenga miyala mu 1952 anayamba kumanga dambo hayidiroliki wanga. Poyamba, padziko kukafika kutsogolo lonse anatsanulira zadothi damu. Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito mleme dredgers anayamba kulandira zinyalala monga slurry ndi malonda amene anachita clays kupanga njerwa. Koma posakhalitsa zinali chochitika chimodzi. Zifukwa chitetezo pa damu zoteteza anayenera mpaka mamita khumi. The zoopsa umaimiridwa ndi chakuti anamaliza kupanga zinyansi yaikulu zadothi chidebe 60 mamita anaimirira pamwamba mlingo wa munthu BP m'madera mzinda, kumene kunali ambiri nyumba ndi mabizinezi kwambiri. Kurenivsko tsoka zinachitika chifukwa chosasamala anthu, zatsimikiziridwa mobwerezabwereza.

Zolakwa pa mtengo wa moyo

Mwachidule, tingasiyanitsire zotsatirazi zolakwa zazikulu:

• Mokwanira mozama kapangidwe gidronamyva kwathunthu maonekedwe owonongeka, monga kukonzedwa m'dera "Katswiri".
• Olemba polojekiti, zikuoneka miscalculated ndi aquifer nthaka pansi pa miyala kale.
• M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zina pamakhala snowfalls lolemera, chimene chiri chofunika.
• Kunali koyenera m'malo zadothi madamu anamangidwira wodalirika kwambiri ndi cholimba dongosolo konkire.
• Anapulumutsidwa pa mipope ngalande. Chifukwa cha awiri awo ang'ono dongosolo sichikugwira ntchito bwino madzi ofalitsidwa phunziroli sanagone nthawi akatulutsidwa. Kuwonjezera zamkati ndi mosalekeza kudyetsedwa mu kuchuluka ngati kuti ndi wamkulu kuposa nthawi 3 kuchuluka ali mawerengedwe pachiyambi. Brickworks anayesa kuposa dongosolo, osaima kupanga, ndi atatu kosangalatsa ndandanda.

Ngakhale pamene modetsa nkhawa zizindikiro kukhala zoonekeratu kwambiri, palibe miyeso Atengedwa. Monga kutangotsala zaka zinayi fateful tsiku Mutu wa kasamalidwe kukauza utsogoleli wa njerwa mafakitale Petro ndi mutu wa nthambi mumzinda wa jetting za panopa mkhalidwe womvetsa chisoni. Zinthu zanyanyira m'nyengo yozizira. Ngakhale zili choncho, nthawi zambiri zinachitika kuti chigwa sanathe muli chisakanizo cha madzi ndi mchenga, nchifukwa chake m'madera ozungulira anali pang'ono pansi pa madzi. Iwo anayamba ngati tsoka Kurenivsko (Babi Yar pa March 13, 1961).

Kwa zaka khumi mu wotchingidwa msewu wopita chigwa panali 4 miliyoni kiyubiki mamita. mamita slurry mu mkhalidwe madzi. udindo onse ayenera kupatsidwa kwa Alexei Davydov, amene anali mtsogoleri wa bungwe City kuyambira 1947 (meya). Akukhulupirira kuti adzaupereka lingaliro analandira onyoza a chiwonongeko cha Babi Yar chifukwa mosalekeza amasulidwe njerwa. Mu m'tsogolo, akuyembekezeka mafupa ndi fumbi kumanga zosangalatsa establishments, kuphatikizapo malo odyera ndi zokopa! Ngati anali chinachitika Kurenivsko tsoka, kungakhale kuseka anafika zotsalira za Ayuda ukapolo.

m'malo epilogue ndi

Ukhalebe nkhani ya amene anali pakati liquidators lapansi. Konse, mwina, sadzakhala kufutidwa pamtima chithunzi chotsatirachi. Magalimoto okonzera, timataira dothi magawo, zitsulo, mafosholo ake anachira matupi chotero dismembered iwo. Anthu akuvutika amene anali mwayi zokwanira pamoyo, anawatengera ku zipatala mapasinjala. Ngati munthu akafa, wake kuikidwa pafupi chipatala. Anthuwa salinso m'gulu mndandanda wa akuvutika.

Kurenivsko tsoka la March 13, 1961 - malo wakuda m'mbiri ya Ukraine. Zonsezi akanatha kupewa, koma nthawi zina kufuna kupanga ambirimbiri chuma amalakwitsa losakhululukidwa.