Kutetezedwa cruisers "Svetlana" mbiri, zithunzi

Russian Imperial Navy kugonjetsa danga nyanja kwa nthawi yaitali. zombo wake zimapezeka mu nkhondo monga olimba mtima ndi "amuna." Tsoka lililonse nkhondo, wowonongayo, cruiser anali osiyana kwambiri. Ena atumikira zaka zambiri, ena zoyembekezeka kukhala pa pepala. The cruiser "Svetlana" mtundu sizinachitike anazindikira kwathunthu. Kodi tinganene za cruisers kuteteza udindo 1st.

Woyamba "Svetlana"

Sitima yoyamba dzina chomwecho anaonekera mu 1896. Iwo anali cruisers, chamangidwa panthaka French kutetezedwa. Poyamba ntchito yake yaikulu inali kuthandiza ufumu yatchi Alexei Alexandrovich. Ponena za cholinga cha ndeu, popanda munthu akanakhoza kunena.

Pamaso angagwiritse nthawi yaitali sanathe kudziwa ntchito sitimayo. Kodi zimayenera kukhala "Svetlana": cruisers kuteteza kapena nkhondo kwambiri? Kodi kumayambitsa, zida ndi buku? maganizo onsewa chinakhalapo mpaka 1894.

chifukwa cha

kupanga latsopano "wankhondo" wayamba zimenezi m'chilimwe. Per mpando wa cruiser ndi kumenyana ntchito ambiri. Izi Franco-Russian fakitale, makampani akuluakulu ku UK, Germany ndi France. Mwa njira zambiri okwana asanu izo Analeredwa bwana kuti mbali yaikulu, anali wamakono wa mmodzi wa cruisers England.

Siteji yotsatira inkakhala ndi kusankha maganizo wogwila. Pomaliza, kusankha linapangidwa mu mtima wa makampani ku France. polojekiti akukumbutsa mmodzi wa cruisers French Friant. Pambuyo chombo anadutsamo zolembalemba, iye akhoza kungopereka dzina. "Svetlana", ndi cruiser, 1896, anapeza dzina lake, chifukwa Nicholas II, mu 1985.

Ndi pepala conveyor ndi

Kale kumapeto kwa 1895 ndi cruiser "Svetlana" anakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo. njira zosiyanasiyana, pamodzi ndi nyumba inamangidwa mu Le Havre, boilers analenganso mu Belleville. Ntchitoyi inatenga malo mofulumira kuti Pasanathe chaka kenako cruiser m'madzi. Chaka chotsatira anaganiza kuchita mayesero.

Mwachibadwa, woweruza wamkulu anakhala kasitomala Alexei Alexandrovich, amene kale mu 1897, anakwera "akuyandama galimoto". Chotsatira Pambuyo mtundu wina wa nkhondo anayesedwa Inde ndi zida zankhondo, ndipo potsiriza, mu chaka cha 1898, "Svetlana" akhoza kubwera mu opareshoni, ndi Grand Duke anatenga izo m'njira.

Maonekedwe - si chinthu chachikulu?

Tikumbukenso kuti maonekedwe a cruiser sanali wopanda mbali zombo French. Sitimayo anali pang'ono obweretsa mu uta, ndipo anamaliza nkhosa anayamba, ndipo amafuna kwa chubu kumbuyo ndi mlongoti.

Popeza kuti "Svetlana" kutetezedwa cruisers, si mosatsata ziwawa kusungitsa. Sitimayo ali ndi makulidwe 25 mm, izo slants zambiri - 25 ndi 50 millimeters. Conning nsanja adzatsekeredwa kutetezedwa makoma oti muli nazo zida 100 mamilimita ndi denga 25 mm. Cannon komanso amateteza 25mm zishango.

Features

Malinga ndi polojekiti, anthu 270 okha inkatha "Svetlana". Cruiser, nkhani ya chilengedwe chimene si kusiyana ndi chilichonse chidwi mu mayesero wasonyeza kuti akhoza kusonkhanitsa pa bolodi 400. Ngakhale kuti sizinali zokwanira. Malinga ndi mutu wa Naval Wogwila, nkhondowo adalira amayenera kupeza wina oyendetsa 73.

Ndi liwiro ndi panali ena zolakwika. Ndi lingaliro poyamba, anayamba cruiser liwiro kuposa 20 mfundo. Yemweyo kukuonetsedwa ndi kuyezetsa. Koma ndiye chombo mokwanira zitadzaza, kotero inu mukhoza kulingalira chithunzi ichi pachithunzichi. zikusiyana izi pambuyo pake anaulula mayeso amene "Svetlana" outfitted mosapsatira. Ngakhale kuti kanjedza mphamvu ziwonjezeke kwa pafupifupi 9900 ndiyamphamvu, "galimoto akuyandama" wabweza mfundo 19 okha.

Chinthu china ndi otchedwa "kudzazidwa". Cruiser "Svetlana" anali okonzeka ndi nyumba osiyana wapamwamba, zimene zakhala bwinobwino kuthetsa Prince Alexei. Panali pakhomo holo, phwando chochezera, danga ofesi, kuchipinda ndi zipinda zina. Location dynamos ayenera kuchoka ku malo a mpumulo, ndi amphuno nsanja kuchepetsa mlingo phokoso.

Osati mu utumiki ndipo ubwenzi

Pa chiyambi cha ntchito yake chombo chidafika mtundu wa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho kuti chidwi. Iye ndinawapanikiza madzi a Europe, anapita Portugal, Kronstadt. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma ndinapita kutsegula kwa gombe la St. Catherine. Mpaka 1903 iye anali yatchi munthu wa Prince Alexei.

Kumayambiriro a 1904 anaganiza kuti atenge cruiser mu utumiki mu Pacific squadron. Kuchuluka adalira ndi anatumiza kwa ngalande Suez. "Svetlana" anali mu chimaonekadi mochedwa kufufuza detachment 18 mfundo. Kuwombera anali maphunziro yekha mu chikhalidwe.

koopsya nkhondo

nkhondo Last "Svetlana" anali nkhondo May 15. Lisanaperekedwe, ndi cruiser nawo nkhondo, amene anagundidwa ndi yagoletsa matani 350 a madzi. Mphuno zimakhalira pansi madzi pafupifupi theka mita. Choncho, mlingo amagwa 15 mfundo. chombo anakhalabe padera kwa nthawi yaitali. Iye ali kuseri kwa "Aurora" ndi "Oleg", koma usiku inapeza wowonongayo "Quick" ndipo anapita pa.

Pa asanu m'mawa kapitawo anaona Dazhelet chilumba ndipo ankafuna kwa iye pofuna kuthetsa vuto, kutulutsa madzi ndi kubweretsa chombo mu dongosolo. Kamodzi ngozi utadutsa "Svetlana" koma kenako chombo mabanga awiri cruisers Japanese ndi owononga. Atsogoleriwo anazindikira kuti woterowo mlingo wochepa iwo musachoke, ife anaganiza nkhondo, ndipo mu nkhani ya kuwonongedwa kumira sitimayo.

Kumene, ngati kumawononga yolimbana ndi atatu "Svetlana" sanali apulumuke. Mwamsanga maola 11 tsiku cruiser atagona pa kumanzere, ndipo anayamba kumira pansi. zombo Japanese kumanzere bronepalubnogo kufa pa nyanja, pamene iwo anathamangira kwa "mwamphamvu" ndipo zina "akuvutika". alonda kupulumuka ndi amalinyero kupulumutsidwa cruiser "America maru".

Latsopano "Svetlana"

chisankho pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa "Svetlana" cruiser mtundu kuwala anavomerezedwa mu 1907. Sitepe chifukwa cha kulephera mu Chirasha Japanese nkhondo. Ndi World Choyamba iwo sanali kutsindikiza kutsiriza m'tsogolo zisinthe ndayima kaye ntchito pa mndandanda wa cruisers.

Chifukwa cha zimenezi, onse a zolinga pakati yagwiridwira cruiser "Svetlana" mu 1913. Iwo anali adatchithisira m'madzi angapo zaka, koma nkhondo amene anali kuyembekezera kuyamba chabe mu 1928. The cruiser kuwala "Svetlana" kenako anadzatchedwa yoyamba "Profintern" Patapita "Red Crimea". Mu dzina lomaliza anali nawo nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse.

"Asilikali Butakov" mu mndandanda chomwecho unayambitsidwa mu 1916, koma sanali adzabwera mu ntchito. Otsala awiri cruiser "asilikali Greig" ndi "asilikali Spiridonov" mu 1926 unamangidwanso mu mathanki. Woyamba anamiza mu Tuapse chifukwa cha mphepo ndi wachiwiri anamwaliranso kumenyana mu Nyanja Azov mu nthawi ya Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo.