Lachiwiri 144 - pomenyana wokwera supersonic ndege

Lachiwiri 144 - osati chabe "zizindikiro choyamba" kwa ndege supersonic anthu. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za nyengo ya dziko Soviet "Cold nkhondo" ndi ukulu wake luso pa dziko Western. Lachiwiri 144, pafupifupi kawiri liwiro phokoso ndi zaka zochepa patsogolo pa nthawi yake, chinali chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano ya mwakwera ndege, amene Komabe, sanabwere mpaka tsopano. mpikisano ake okha munda - English-French "Concorde" - anavutika kwambiri kuposa loti kulephera.

Mu zaka zao za sikisite anthu, mwina kunali sayansi ndi mwasayansi simuli okonzeka kuti wotereyo kupambana. Ndiye dziko la sayansi ndi pafupifupi palibe amene anadziwa za kutopa zitsulo. Mbiri yonse ya mpikisano wa makina amenewa limodzi ndi masoka mosalekeza ndi zolephera mbali zonse.

Pamene anadziŵa limodzi Anglo-French ntchito kumanga wachibadidwe latsopano supersonic zonyamula yonyamula, zimene Union a Soviet Nthawi yomweyo. Kuyankha ntchitoyi amayenera kukhala Lachiwiri 144. "Concord" inaŵerengeredwa pa liwiro ikuthamanga mu osiyanasiyana 2200-2300 km / h. Soviet analogue chofunika upambana chithunzi ichi, komanso ena ambiri. Nikita Khrushchev, kanthu ankafuna concede adani awo Western.

Chitukuko cha polojekitiyi wofuna anapatsidwa Tupolev. ndege yatsopano kupereka chizindikiro "Lachiwiri 144", ndi kumanga ake kutengela Voronezh ndege fakitale. Kubadwa kwa mwana latsopano makampani Soviet ndege pamaso "Concorde" ndi chapamwamba luso la yonyamula Soviet pa makina Anglo-French ankaziona monga nchito yofunika kwambiri ndale. Ndalama kwa pomanga Lachiwiri 144, ngati ilo linapangidwa mu Soviet Union, ndi wathunso.

Kumangidwa lonse la supersonic zitsulo mbalame chimake kuunika ndi zapamwamba malingaliro zamakono: akadandaule pa workpiece makina CNC ndi linanena bungwe analandira yaikulu mpukutu fuselage kapena phiko ndege. Zokha ndithu musalole pansi, koma njira ngati pazifukwa zina kuiwala kuti mankhwala theka-yomalizidwa chotero kukula yaikulu ndi ingots muyenera lonse yoyenera. Ali m'malo ovuta nkhungu, chifukwa mu mapangidwe inhomogeneities m'dera inclusions kapena kupunduka, attenuating zitsulo.

Mwina izi sizinali kukhala bwino, ngati si kopita makina. Ndipotu Lachiwiri 144 anafunika kuthana phokoso chotchinga, chotero kupirira zimamuchulukira kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, odana ake zamakono "Concord" pambuyo osati kale kwambiri ntchito nthawi yoyenera mu ndege zinayamba kugwa pansi pa phiko. Ndipo chifukwa sikunali kotheka kuti tipeze kwa nthawi yaitali. Iye anagwiritsitsa zosiyanasiyana mayesero bwino. Kuphatikizapo maiwe kwambiri mu othamanga kwambiri. Pomaliza, izo zinali chabe kuchotsedwa kupanga.

Pafupifupi tsoka chomwecho ankavutika Lachiwiri 144. Pambuyo processing dongosolo zopangidwa ndi mbale onse zitsulo-a makulidwe lalikulu m'madera ena anakhalabe woonda (mpaka millimeters awiri) jumper. Chinthu Inde chifukwa ndi chakumene popanda opatsa okhazikika yaikulu zimamuchulukira.

Komabe, Lachiwiri 144 pa nthawi ya opaleshoni zinaposa kopambana "Concord", ngakhale kuti pali kukumbukira n'zimene izi makina. Mwina wotchuka kwambiri a iwo - ndi mavuto kuti chinachitika mu mlengalenga kusonyeza Le Bourget mu 1973. Zinachitikira kwambiri wabweza polenga makina wakhala bwinobwino ntchito mapulani ndiponso kumanga katundu supersonic yonyamula Lachiwiri-22M ndi Lachiwiri 160.

Ndipo kuchita Lachiwiri 144 pakati pa nineties akhala ntchito bwinobwino zosiyanasiyana kafukufuku wa sayansi :. Kuphunzira Mpweya umene chigoba cha dziko, kadamsana dzuwa, etc. Pa kusinthidwa kwa makina - Lachiwiri 144 - anapereka khumi ndi zitatu, timva dziko kuti sizinachitike kumenyedwa.