Mabungwe ena akunja omwe si aboma pofuna kuteteza chilengedwe

Pa anthu m'nthawi zakale wapanga sikunachitekepo zamakono yojambula. luso anatuluka kuti akhoza kusintha dziko kwambiri. Ngati pamaso mmene munthu pa chikhalidwe akhoza kusokoneza wosakhwima zachilengedwe malire watsopano luso Kutulukira zinamupatsa kukwaniritsa zimenezi zotsatira Kalanga. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mitundu ya nyama zikadzawonongedwa, zolengedwa zambiri wamoyo uli pafupi kutha mu dziko zikuluzikulu kusintha kwa nyengo kuyamba.

Zotsatira zochita za anthu chifukwa ngati kuwonongeka kwambiri kuti chilengedwe, kuti anthu ambiri kuyambira nkhawa tsogolo la dziko lathuli. Chifukwa cha nkhawa kukula zapangitsa kuti mabungwe ambiri omwe si aboma pofuna kuteteza chilengedwe. Lero, iwo ntchito kulikonse, kuyang'anira kuteteza wapadera cholowa zachilengedwe, kusonkhanitsa mamiliyoni okonda padziko lonse. Koma sizinali nthawi zonse, yaitali njira zachitidwa upainiya Eco-kayendedwe, kukwaniritsa panopa zinthu.

Magwero a mabungwe chikhalidwe kusamala

Chiyambi cha chilengedwe cha anthu padziko lonse zachilengedwe mukhoza kutengedwa ngati 1913, pamene Switzerland ndinkakhala nalo woyamba msonkhano wa mayiko osiyanasiyana anadzipereka kwa chitetezo cha chibadwa. Iwo anali nawo m'mayiko 18, koma msonkhano unali mwangwiro sayansi, osati ankatanthauza kanthu kuti nditeteze chilengedwe. Pambuyo zaka 10 ku Paris unachitikira woyamba Mayiko Congress pa Protection ya Nature. Kenako mu Belgium anatsegula padziko lonse chikhalidwe chitetezo amasinthira. Komabe, sikuti akufuna mwanjira zimakhudza zinthu zachilengedwe mu dziko, koma kuti kusonkhanitsa ziwerengero za nkhokwe malamulo zachilengedwe.

Kenako mu 1945, United Nations analengedwa, omwe anamasuliridwa mgwirizano zachilengedwe pakati linati mlingo watsopano. Mu 1948, UN anakhazikitsa wapadera dipatimenti - Mayiko Nature Protection Board. Zinali iye amene anali ndi udindo kwa mgwirizano wa mayiko chitetezo zachilengedwe. Asayansi mwadzidzidzi anayamba kuzindikira kuti n'zosatheka kuthetsa mavuto a zachilengedwe pa mlingo wa dziko limodzi, monga zamoyo - ndi limagwirira wosakhwima, lathunthu si zoonekeratu, mabwenzi odabwitsa. Kusintha bwino chilengedwe malo amodzi pa dziko akhoza catastrophically bwanji malo ena mwakuwoneka lakutali kwambiri. Kufunika kwa njira anzake a mavuto zachilengedwe linaonekera.

pofuna

M'tsogolo, padziko lonse chitetezo chikhalidwe ndi limodzi mwa nkhani zofunika kwambiri za zochitika waukulu sayansi ndi chikhalidwe. Mu 1972, Sweden anapambana Conference United Nations pa Environment, omwe anali nawo mayiko 113. Zinali pa mwambo maziko a kayendedwe ano pofuna kuteteza chilengedwe. Lero wasanduka tchuthi mayiko - Dziko Conservation tsiku chilengedwe.

Kenako mu gulu zachilengedwe patapita zaka za stagnation, pamene mabungwe omwe si aboma pofuna kuteteza chilengedwe anayamba kupeza kuchepa ndalama, ndi kutchuka maganizo awo anayamba kutha. Koma mu 1980s oyambirira, zinthu zinayamba kusintha kwa bwino, chifukwa mu Conference United Nations pa Environment ndi Development mu 1992 ku Brazil. Chochitika zinachitika mu Rio de Janeiro ndipo anapitiriza ntchito mudayamba Sweden. Msonkhanowo linavomereza mfundo zofunika zokhudza nkhani zina zogwirizana chitukuko cha anthu. Akuti mu Rio citukuko chitsanzo amapereka maganizo atsopano kwathunthu pa pofuna kukwaniritsa chitukuko anthu. Kukutanthauza ankalamulira chitukuko malire ena, kuti aziwononga chilengedwe. Conference ku Brazil amalembedwa ntchito za mabungwe kusamala zachilengedwe, mpaka tsiku lino.

lero

Society lero kwambiri mantha ndi kusintha kwa chilengedwe, chifukwa cha zochita za anthu. M'mayiko ambiri ayamba mndandanda wa malamulo, kulamulira kuipitsidwa, ndi mabungwe ngati "Greenpeace" kapena World Wildlife Fund, ndapeza mamiliyoni mbali padziko lonse. Chilichonse dziko kwambiri kapena zochepa lalikulu pali nthumwi maofesi a mabungwe mayiko pofuna kuteteza chilengedwe. Online anthu ndi malo ofanana kulola kuti muwone yachidule ndi yosavuta imfomeshoni yogwirizana ndi chilengedwe. Komanso Internet limachititsa agwirire ntchito za anthu kudutsa dziko - apa aliyense angathe kupereka mphatso kwa chitetezo nyengo.

Science, nayenso, si kuima, mowirikiza pali zinthu zatsopano zomwe kubweretsa nyengo ya mphamvu woyera. M'mayiko ambiri ntchito kwambiri mphamvu zachilengedwe: mphamvu ya mphepo, madzi geothermal, dzuwa ndi zina zotero .. Sikuti opangidwa mpweya akhala ang'onoang'ono, ndi mabungwe onse kotero mopanda chisoni masuku pamutu chilengedwe chifukwa cha phindu. Koma chidwi ambiri mu vuto la zachilengedwe amatilola chiyembekezo cha m'tsogolo. Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa mabungwe akuluakulu onse chitetezo chikhalidwe.

"Greenpeace"

Bungwe "Greenpeace" ndi kampani wotchuka kwambiri zachilengedwe mu dziko. Zikuoneka kuthokoza okonda, otsutsana kusalankhula mayesero nyukiliya. Mamembala loyamba la "Greenpeace", zimafanana - oyambitsa ake, anakwanitsa kukwaniritsa kutha kwa kuyezetsa nyukiliya ndi Achimereka pafupi Amchitka Island. Komanso zionetsero zinachititsa kuti yakuti France nawonso anasiya kuyezetsa nyukiliya zida, ndipo kenako anagwirizana naye ndipo onse a dziko.

Ngakhale kuti "Greenpeace" analengedwa zionetsero ndi kuyezetsa nyukiliya, kuti ntchito zake si. Mamembala a gulu ikuchitika zionetsero lonse cholinga kuteteza zachilengedwe za padziko lathuli ntchito anthu odzipha ndi opusa. Choncho Anthu a "Greenpeace" analephera kuletsa nkhanza nyama zinsomba, amene akali otsiriza m'ma zinachitikadi pa mafakitale lonse.

zionetsero Modern gulu lodabwitsa umalimbana kulimbana mpweya. Ngakhale mfundo yakuti mavuto chifukwa cha mpweya ku mafakitale ndi mphero, chotsimikiziridwa, mabungwe ndi oipa eni kwambiri malovu pa zonse zamoyo padziko lino dziko, iwo amangochita ndalama. Choncho, olimbikitsa ufulu wa "Greenpeace" kugwira m'matangadza awo lakonzedwa kuti asiye maganizo woipitsitsawu chilengedwe. N'zomvetsa chisoni, zikuoneka kuti zionetsero yawo sadzaipititsa anamva.

Fund Wildlife World

Pali zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe magulu. List mabungwe omwe si a boma chingakhale chosakwanira popanda kutchulanso a World Wildlife Fund. Gulu wakhala opaleshoni mu zoposa 40 mayiko padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi chiwerengero cha kumbali ya WWF patsogolo ngakhale "Greenpeace". Mamiliyoni a anthu akuthandizeni maganizo, ambiri a iwo akumenyana chifukwa kuteteza moyo padziko lapansi, osati mawu koma mwa zochita, oposa 1,000 zachilengedwe ntchito padziko lonse lapansi - wangwiro umboni.

Monga mabungwe ena ambiri omwe si aboma ndi chitetezo cha chibadwa, World Wildlife Fund ali ndi cholinga waukulu kuteteza zachilengedwe zosiyanasiyana pa Dziko Lapansi. Mamembala a mabungwe zachilengedwe akuyesetsa kuteteza nyama kuchokera amadza chowawa anthu.

Program United Nations Environment Programme

Kumene, mutu wa anthu ndi boma mabungwe chikhalidwe chitetezo gulu la United Nations. Zinali chikhalidwe miyeso yake kusamala ndi ambiri kwambiri. Pafupifupi msonkhano uliwonse wa UN ikukhudzana bwanji ndi chilengedwe ndi mayiko mgwirizano mu munda wa Kuwonjezera pa zachilengedwe zinthu padziko lapansi. Dipatimenti polimbana ndi zoteteza chilengedwe, otchedwa ndi UNEP. Wake ntchito ndi polojekiti za kuipitsa mpweya ndi nyanja, zachilengedwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

dongosolo la chitetezo chilengedwe chinkhoswe mu ntchito osati mawu, zofunika malamulo ambiri padziko lonse n'cholinga chofuna kuteteza chilengedwe, anapangidwa chifukwa cha United Nations. UNEP anatha kukwaniritsa zambiri polojekiti mokwanira za mayendedwe a zinthu zoopsa, izo anaikanso lamulolo imayang'anira mvula asidi, akuyesetsa kuletsa nkhondo.

Russian mabungwe a chitetezo cha chibadwa

Ife tafotokozazi ena kayendedwe mayiko zachilengedwe. Tsopano tiyeni tione zimene mabungwe zimakhudzidwa kusamala chilengedwe Russia. Ngakhale kuti kutchuka kwa mabungwe National Environmental ndi kwambiri poyerekeza ndi anzawo padziko lonse, koma magulu awa kukwaniritsa ntchito zawo, kukopa okonda latsopano.

Onse-Russian Society kwa Nature Conservation - waukulu ndi otchuka gulu zimabwera ndi chilengedwe mavuto Russia. Iye amachita ntchito zosiyanasiyana, mmodzi wa polojekiti - kulimbikitsa kudziwa za zachilengedwe a misa, kuphunzitsa anthu, kuti Atchule mavuto a zachilengedwe. VOOP komanso kuchita zinthu sayansi ndi oyang'anira zoletsedwa ndi malamulo chilengedwe.

Onse-Russian Society kwa Nature Conservation unakhazikitsidwa kumbuyo mu 1924. chakuti gulu uwu wakhala ndi moyo mpaka masiku ano, nthawi yomweyo kuwonjezera chiwerengero chake kwa anthu mamiliyoni atatu, amasonyeza chidwi ndi anthu vuto ndi chilengedwe. Pali komanso ena Russian kucheza zachilengedwe amalimbikitsa koma VOOP ndithu yaikulu Russian Organization kwa Conservation ya Nature.

Kumuwombera kwa Conservation ya Nature

Kumuwombera kwa Nature Conservation unakhazikitsidwa mu 1960 pa mphamvu ya Biology, Moscow State University, ndipo akupitiriza kugwira ntchito mpaka lero. Komanso, ena mwa mayunivesite lalikulu Russian agwirizana bungwe ili ndi analenga ankhondo awo. Chibwenzi PAD ali nawo zimenezi ntchito ngati kuti ena mabungwe chikhalidwe chitetezo Russia. Iwo anakweza kuzindikira, chothandiza maphunziro a nzika m'munda zachilengedwe. Komanso, kumuwombera ya Nature Protection wakhala akukwaniritsa pokwiya ndi chiwonongeko cha ngodya yakuthengo ya Russia, zimathandiza polimbana ndi moto wa m'nkhalango ndi kuvumbitsira anathandiza sayansi.

mabungwe tsogolo zachilengedwe

Pali zosiyanasiyana mabungwe oteteza zachilengedwe, mndandanda wa ena omwe si aboma owayimilira motere:

1. World Wildlife Fund.
2. "Greenpeace".
3. Pulogalamu ya United Nations (UNEP).
4. World Animal Chitetezo.
5. Global Nest.

chiwerengero cha kucheza ndi anthu otero ikukula chaka chilichonse, iwo kupeza zambiri kutchuka. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa zotsatira za kuwonjezeka woipitsitsawu kuchitikira munthu moonjezera noticeable. Asayansi ndi kanjedza anthu, monga anthu ambiri m'dzikoli yaitali kuti tikufuna kusintha chirichonse mpaka tonse tayenda lathuli mu dambo opanda moyo. Inde, maganizo a anthu masiku ano si kwambiri aliyense wa wogwila limati, walola tycoon kupitiriza zawo zonyansa ntchito, kulandira ntchito yake zam'tsogolo ndipo adzawalanga.

Komabe, chiyembekezo cha owala m'tsogolo pali. Mkubwela kwa intaneti mabungwe omwe si aboma pofuna kuteteza chilengedwe tinatha kuchita ntchito yawo yophunzitsa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri. Tsopano aliyense amene zosamalira za chilengedwe angathe kulankhula ndi monga okonda ndi kupeza zonse zofunika zokhudza chilengedwe, anthu zimakhala zosavuta kugwirizanitsa mbali ndi ntchito zionetsero. Kumene, anthu ambiri basi akuvutika kwa zaka zambiri mabodza, kuvumbula "wobiriwira" kayendedwe mu kuwala zoipa. Komabe, vuto Kodi kusintha pa chilichonse kamphindi, chifukwa chilengedwe mabungwe akhala mphamvu kuiona bwino.

Kodi tingatani kuteteza chilengedwe?

malankhulidwe okweza za kuteteza chilengedwe komanso kuteteza zosiyanasiyana mitundu akhoza zikuvutitsa maganizo a okonda wamng'ono. Koma, mwatsoka, ndi ofunika onse a mawu, phindu lenileni la chikhalidwe zitha kubweretsa zochita. Kumene, mungapeze umene mabungwe amatanganidwa zoteteza zachilengedwe mumzinda wanu, ndi kuti agwera mu ntchito zawo zamtengo wapatali. njira iyi si abwino kwa aliyense, choncho ndi bwino kuyamba yopulumutsa chikhalidwe kuchokera amasiya kuti awononge ndi uwononge ndi manja awo.

Aliyense anayamba wawonapo ndi clearings wokongola nkhalango chosaneneka milu ya zinyalala pambuyo yosangalala munthu mofulumira. Choncho, musanayambe phindu chilengedwe, muyenera choyamba kuletsa zinamuwawa. Mungamulimbikitse bwanji ena kusamalira zachilengedwe, ngati inu kuipitsa chilengedwe? Kutola anasonkhana pambuyo kupuma nthawi zatushenny moto, mitengo kuti sanaphe chifukwa cha nkhuni - zonsezi ndi lophweka, koma umabweretsa chifukwa chidwi.

Ngati aliyense adzakumbukira kuti Lapansi - kwathu, ndipo ndi chikhalidwe umadalira tsogolo la anthu onse, dziko lapansi lidzasinthidwa. Amene akufuna athe kutenga nawo kuteteza chilengedwe, ambiri Russian mabungwe a chitetezo cha chibadwa ndi okonzeka kupatsa chotero mwayi. Nyengo ya kusintha panopa tinaganiza kuti adzasiya ana awo - ndi zina zonyasa nyukiliya kapena kukongola wobiriwira munda. Chisankho chiri zathu!