Magalimoto amoto: GAZ-21, Duesenberg, Cadillac. Magalimoto okongola kwambiri

Pa nthawi yonse yamakampani ogalimoto, magalimoto ambirimbiri apangidwa chifukwa cha kukoma mtima kulikonse. Ambiri a iwo, okhala ndi zizoloŵezi zodziwika komanso nthawi zambiri osadzimva kunja, amapatsa anthu mwayi wosamukira mumlengalenga. Ena adathandizira kukhazikitsa zatsopano mu malonda a galimoto. Koma pali ena amene amaonedwa kuti ndi okongoletsa nthawi yawo komanso ntchito zawo. Magalimoto amenewa, ngakhale kuti amasiyana kwambiri, amagwirizana ndi mfundo yakuti pa nthawi inayake iwo anali mawonekedwe a mphamvu ndi mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa moyo waumunthu kukhala wabwino. Zotsatira zaposachedwa zikuphatikizapo mndandanda wa magalimoto okongola zana m'mbiri. M'nkhaniyi, zitatuzi zidzatengedwa: GAZ-21, Duesenberg, Cadillac.

Lembani ndi nswala pakhomo

Kwa zaka zambiri galimotoyi inali malire a maloto ambiri a Soviet. Revolutionary GAZ-21 "Volga" - magalimoto odziwika a USSR, omwe amaonedwa kuti ndiwopangidwe ka zatsopano za makampani oyendetsa galimoto. Zomwe zinali zokongola kwambiri zinali zitsanzo ndi mtundu wa mitundu iŵiri ndi mitundu yowonongeka, yomwe, mwangozi, siinapangidwe kwambiri chifukwa cha mafuta osauka a Soviet a zaka zimenezo. Chokongoletsa chapadera chinali mtundu wa "Volga" wa mtundu wa mitundu iwiri. Koma ndi bokosi loyendetsa, galimoto iyi ili ndi chiwerengero choyamikirika m'mayiko a CIS. Choncho, pa zaka makumi anayi zapitazi za mtundu umenewu pa Gorky Automobile Plant, makina 20 anabwezeretsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo zoyambirira.

Magalimoto oyendetsa GAZ-21 "Volga" anapangidwa ku Gorky Automobile Plant kuchokera mu 1956 mpaka 1970. Awa ndiwo oyambirira oimira banja lalikulu la banja la Volga. Kukula kwa mtengowo kunayambira mu 1953, kunayenera kutenganso GAZ-20 "Kugonjetsa" kumene kunapangidwa kale, komwe chifukwa cha kukula kwa kayendedwe ka galimoto kwa Soviet zaka zimenezo kunayamba kutha. Okonzanso a Soviet mu chitukuko cha "Volga" ambiri amagwiritsira ntchito zochitika za anthu omwe akupanga zachilendo. Makamaka, zitsanzo zotchuka za nthawi imeneyo zinaphunzira: Plymouth Savoy, Opel Captain, Chevrolet 210, Ford Mainline. Zomwe zinapangidwira kwambiri zinali mitundu iwiri ya masitepe atatu - magetsi ndi opangira. Zotsatira zake ndi galimoto yamphamvu komanso yamakono.

Soviet "American"

Kuwoneka kwa GAZ-21 kunapangidwa mokwanira molingana ndi machitidwe a America a kupanga galimoto nthawiyo. Mitsempha yowonongeka ya thupi, yozungulira silhouette, yotsika mpaka padenga lakumtunda. Zonsezi zinapangitsa kuti tizimva mofulumira ndi rocket, ndege ndi liwiro. Ndondomeko yooneka ngati rockets ya thupi inakulungidwa ndi chifaniziro cha chrome cha nyerere palimodzi, mazira ozizira.

Chipinda chamkati chimapangidwa mogwirizana ndi mafashoni a nthawi imeneyo. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha zinthu za Chrome - grille, kanyumba ka wheel, moldings, bumpers. Zizindikiro za kutembenuka, chizindikiro choyimira ndi miyeso zinayikidwa muzitsulo limodzi lakumbuyo. Kutuluka kwakukulu kwa thupi kunali kutsika kwakukulu kwa thunthu ndi nkhumba.

Zotsatira za zochitika za Volga

Makina oyambirira a makina anapangidwa kuyambira 1956 mpaka 1958. Kusiyanitsa kwawo kunali grille ya chrome ndi mzere wautali ndi nyenyezi ya Chrome mu bwalo. Pa "Volga" ya mndandanda woyamba adayika makina okakamizidwa ku GAZ-20, ndi mphamvu ya 65 malita. Ndi.

Mndandanda wachiwiri wa GAZ-21 unapangidwa kuyambira 1958 mpaka 1962. Kusintha kunakhudza maonekedwe ambiri. Chombo cha radiator chinakonzedwa bwino, chomwe chinkapeza mapepala odziwika bwino "whalebone". Pa nthawi imeneyo iwo anali opaka mu utoto wa thupi. Nyenyeziyo inachotsedwa.

Chotsatira, mutu wachitatu wa "Volga" unapangidwa kuchokera mu 1962 mpaka 1970. Chiwerengero cha slits mu galasi ya radiator chinawonjezeka kufika 37, ndipo chinakhalanso chrome. Mphamvu zamagetsi zinawonjezeka kufika 75 malita. Ndi. Zipangizo zamkati zamkati zinasinthidwa ndi dermatome. Thupi lopangidwira la mitundu yoyambirira linasinthidwa ndi limodzi. Muyiyi, GAZ-21 Volga inalembedwa isanafike 1970, kenako idasinthidwa ndi GAZ-24.

Imodzi mwa magalimoto okongola kwambiri padziko lapansi

Mu 1913, abale awiri omwe ankadziphunzitsa okha komanso akatswiri ochokera ku Germany - omwe anakhazikitsidwa ku United States kampani ya Duesenberg Motor Company, anayamba kupanga mabotolo ndi magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto. Pambuyo pa abale angapo, amasankha kuyang'ana magalimoto anayi okhaokha ndikudzipangira okha ntchitoyi: kuti apange galimoto yabwino komanso yabwino kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ndipo kale mu magalimoto okwera 30 a Duesenberg oposa Rolls-Royce ndi Mercedes-Benz. Mawu akuti "supercar" adawonekera patapita nthawi, koma kale pa nthawiyi mawuwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa magalimoto awa. Magalimoto a Duesenberg amatsutsana kwambiri ndi nthawi yawo kwa zaka zambiri. Iwo anali okondedwa ndipo ankalota za ulendo wokwera ngati okwera.

Dumentenberg yodabwitsa kwambiri, ngakhale kuti inali yochepa kwambiri, inalembedwa m'mbiri yakale monga imodzi mwa magalimoto akuluakulu osati America yekha, koma a dziko lapansi. Akatswiri ambiri amavomereza kuti galimoto yabwino kwambiri kuyambira nthawi ya "Dyuzi" mu makampani a ku America asanalengedwe. Magalimoto a mtundu umenewu adalimbikitsa nyenyezi za ku Hollywood ndi oyendayenda kuchokera ku Wall Street kuti apange maonekedwe abwino, ndi Mafiosi Sicilian - chifukwa cha mphamvu zomwe sizinachitikepo panthawiyo. Iwo adagulidwa ngati chikhalidwe choyenera.

Duesenberg - ngakhale mofulumira, ngakhale mwamphamvu!

Chizindikiro cha Duesenberg chinali ndi zaka 24 zokha, koma panthawiyi yakhala ikulowetsa mbiriyakale ya mafakitale. Kampaniyo inapanga magalimoto osasinthika. Magalimoto otchukawa anasonkhana ndi manja okha. Iwo anali owala, koma amphamvu kwambiri ndi mofulumira kuposa ochita mpikisano. Kugonjetsa koyamba sikudatenga nthawi yaitali. Mu 1919, galimoto yokhala ndi injini yatsopano ya 16 yamakina yopangidwa ndi abale inakhazikitsa liwiro pamtunda wa Daytona - 255 km / h. Chaka chotsatira, Duesenberg amapanga injini yoyamba mu-line 3-lita imodzi yokhala ndi zitsulo zisanu ndi zitatu. Lingaliro limeneli linakhala maziko a magalimoto onse otsatira a kampaniyo. Chaka chotsatira, mu 1921, "Dusi" adapambana Grand Prix wa France. Iyi inali magalimoto oyambirira a ku America kuti apambane pa masewerawa. Zaka 10 zotsatira pa mpikisano wapamwamba wa pachaka ku Indianapolis katatu anagonjetsa madalaivala omwe anasankha injini Duesenberg.

Galimoto yomwe siidapweteke aliyense

Amisiri opanga luso, abale a Dyzenberg sakanatha kuchita bizinesi. Zambiri mwazinthu zomwe iwo anaziiwala zimangoiwala kuti ndizovomerezeka, mwachitsanzo, mababu a hydraulic, omwe amalephera kupindula ndi madola mamiliyoni ambiri. Chifukwa chake, kampaniyo inadzipeza yokha pamphepete mwa bankruptcy. Thandizo linabwera pamaso pa munthu wamalonda wobadwira Erret Kord, yemwe adatenga udindo wa kampaniyo. Maphunziro omwe adatengedwa ndi Kord anaphatikizapo kukhazikitsidwa kwa galimoto yapamwamba. Mu 1928, kuwala kunawona, mwinamwake, chitsanzo cholemekezeka kwambiri - Duesenberg Model J. Iyi galimoto ya chic inkawoneka ngati chozizwitsa. Ankafika pamtunda wa makilomita 192 / h ndipo adagwedezeka ndi zokometsera zake, ndipo zomwe adanena zinali zisanachitikepo pa nthawi yake. Pempho la kasitomala, mkati mwa Model J, miyala yamtengo wapatali, zojambulajambula zopangidwa kuchokera ku mtengo wamtengo wapatali komanso ngakhale golide woyenga angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Nzosadabwitsa kuti galimoto iyi inagwidwa ndi chikondi ndi anthu ogwira bwino ntchito zamalonda, potsiriza anakhala chidziwitso cha kutchuka kwa nyenyezi za Hollywood ndipo anapita mu mbiriyakale ngati imodzi mwa magalimoto abwino kwambiri ndi okongola padziko lonse lapansi. Anthu a galimotoyi anali otchuka monga Howard Hughes, Greta Garbo, Clark Gable, Gary Cooper. Lero, chitsanzo ichi ndizosonkhanitsa osonkhanitsa padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo mtengo wake umapitirira madola milioni imodzi.

"Cadillac": akatswiri ochita zamagalimoto

Cadillac ndi imodzi mwa magalimoto akale kwambiri komanso otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Magalimoto awa akhala akugwirizanitsidwa ndi kukula kwakukulu, zokometsetsa ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala opanga mafashoni mu mafashoni autalimoto. "Cadillac" - makina omwe opanga opanga sanagwidwe ndi mantha. Kotero, chifukwa cha zatsopano zatsopano panali bokosi lamagetsi lokhala ndi magalasi lokhala ndi magalasi oti azigwira ntchito nthawi zonse ndi makina otseguka a Hydra-Matic. Kutentha kwa mpweya m'galimoto kunayikidwa koyamba ku Cadillac m'zaka za m'ma 30. Mafilimu a magalimoto akuluakulu a ku America anawonekera makamaka chifukwa cha Cadillac, ndipo ma V8-injini anakhala ofanana ndi mafakitale onse a ku America. Pa magalimoto a mtundu uwu, nthawi yoyamba padenga lamatabwa linalowetsedwa ndi denga lazitsulo. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri za Cadillac chinali kukhazikitsa mbali zopanda pake monga mfundo. Ntchito yomanga magalimotoyi inayamba kugwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zosasinthika, zomwe zingasinthe.

Kulowetsedwanso kwa American Dream

Kwa anthu ambiri a ku United States, "Cadillac" - galimoto yomwe inali yopambana komanso yolota ku America. Chizindikiro ichi chinakondedwa ndi anthu apamwamba ku America, kusonyeza nyenyezi zamalonda, anthu amalonda ogwira bwino ndi mafiosi. Cadillac zankhondo zinagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsogolera Pulezidenti Roosevelt. Galimoto iyi inatengedwa zaka zingapo zapitazo kuchokera kwa Al Capone yemwe anali chigawenga . Ngakhale ali mnyamata, King of Rock ndi Roll Elvis Presley adapatsa amayi ake lonjezo kuti, pokhala wotchuka, chinthu choyamba chimene angadzigulire yekha ndi "Cadillac". Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake mu galaja ya nyenyezi panali magalimoto 13 a mtundu uwu, ndipo mayiyo anapeza kuti anali a pink Cadillac Eldorado. Kutchuka kwa mtundu uwu ndi kwakukulu kwambiri ku America kotero kuti nthawi zina kumafika ku chipembedzo. Tsopano kuchokera ku nsalu upholstery wa akale magalimoto Cadillac kusoka jekete, kuika ngati kuti pachiyambi, koma komabe mwayi wakukhudza American loto.

Kalasi yotchuka. Magalimoto GAZ-21, Duesenberg ndi Cadillac mu filimuyi

Kawirikawiri, magalimoto ochokera m'mafilimu amakhala otchuka mofanana ndi ochita okhaokha. Mwachitsanzo, GAZ-21 "Volga" imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafilimu ambiri a Soviet. Mu filimuyi "Chenjerani ndi galimoto", "Volga" imakhala ngati chizindikiro cha kupambana ndi kupambana. Zoonadi, chiwonetsero chonse cha filimuyi chimamangidwa kuzungulira galimotoyi. Firimuyi "Arming Diamondi" inakumbukiridwa ndi anthu ambiri pa mawu otchuka akuti "Anthu athu samapita ku bokosi la tekesi!", Akulankhulidwa motsutsana ndi GAZ-21.

Maonekedwe otchuka kwambiri a Duesenberg apamwamba mu filimu akhoza kuwonedwa filimuyo "The Great Gatsby". Wopambana wa Leonardo DiCaprio, wolemera mamiliyoni ambiri, ankasewera chikasu choyera cha Duesenberg II SJ cabriolet.

Chiwerengero cha mafilimu omwe magalimoto a Cadillac anaphatikizidwa sangathe kuwerengedweratu. Magalimoto akuluakulu a ku America a zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri anagwiritsidwa ntchito pojambula mafilimu monga Scarface, Razin, Ademy State State 1, Mantha ndi Lasatgas ku Las Vegas ndi ena. Mu "Transformers". Zojambula zamakono zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu kujambula kwa "Matrix", "Cadillac Dolona", "Zombiland". Mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana idagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Cadillac Records ikuwombera, chabwino, ndipo mwina, imodzi mwa magalimoto otchuka kwambiri a Cadillac ku cinema - galimoto yotchuka kwambiri ya hunku yakufa kuchokera ku filimu yomweyi.