Manda a Tamerlane: Kodi, mbiri, zithunzi

Sogdiana - zigawo wakale wa Central Asia, likulu la zomwe BC wakula Marakanda likulu ndi amene anadzatchedwa Samarkand. Timur mu XIV anapanga likulu lake, koma iye anafuna kuti akhale likulu la dziko.

Samarkand anali Kodi

mzindawo unali utazingidwa ndi khoma mpanda wolimba kwambiri ndi nsanja ndi chemba. Iwo anamanga nyumba yaikulu. nyumba izi nalemekeza dziko ndi wolamulira wake. Choncho, nyumbayi inali yaikulu ndi kukongoletsa matailosi, openwork lattices. Andakatulo, oimba, madokotala asayansi, olemba mbiri komanso kutumikira monga chokongoletsera pabwalo Timur. Iwo zinkandisangalatsa zachabechabe wake. Sanazengereze kapena kuitana iwo ku masasa wake kapena wa mayiko anagonjetsa kuti likulu lawo. Timur zosamala monga osauka luso. Iye analamula kuti ambuye onse zapita momasuka m'dziko la boma, koma iwo anali wogwira. Mapulani, amisiri, oumba, osema miyala, calligraphers tinaitanidwa kuti kumanga, koma nthawi zambiri iwo atatengedwa kupita ku ukapolo ku mayiko ena. City chidwi ndi kukongola kwake. Motsutsa likhale zonyezimira buluu zinali kunyezimira buluu yowala ndi gilding wochuluka ( "kundal" njira) yaikulu, kumwamba mkulu nyumba. Kalembedwe womwewo anamanga Gur-Mtsogoleri wina wa Aarabu, omwe m'nyumba manda a Timur (Tamerlane).

umunthu Timur

Tamerlane (kapena Timur) anali wolimba ndi mosaopa munthu. Iye ankadziwa kudzigwira osati zakukhosi kwawo. Timur mwabwinobwino ndi mosamala anayesera zonse ndi pa zonse zochita anafufuza. makhalidwe amenewa khalidwe la anthu ayambe iye. Iye analinso ndi kukoma kwakukulu luso lomwe Tingaone pa ntchito yomanga maofesi a mu nthawi yake.

maonekedwe a kazembe

Iye anali munthu wamtali. kukula anali wofanana 1,72 m. The tsitsi, zodabwitsa kuti zingaoneke, ndi mtundu bulauni mtedza ndi imvi. Manda a Tamerlane anamuonetsa tione. Iye anali wolumala mwendo lake lamanja. Koma ambiri, malinga ndi asayansi, wake zaka kwachilengedwenso ndi pafupifupi zaka makumi asanu, ngakhale pa nthawi ya imfa yake inali 68. The manda a Tamerlane, kapena m'malo mafupa, Zomwe zili m'menemo, amanena, anali ndi mphamvu kwambiri munthu, amene si bwanji kusokonezeka maganizo . Iye anapulumuka kwambiri mano, chachikulu ndi wathanzi mafupa, yotakata mapewa, buku lalikulu la m'mapapo ndi chifuwa - zonse kusonyeza wothamanga. Pa kutsegula manda a Tamerlane (Photo pamwamba) tiyeni M. M. Gerasimovu kubwezeretsa maonekedwe a Timur. chithunzi cha molondola zotheka. Ndevu ndi masharubu Timur anali, komanso tsitsi, wakuda ndi wofiira.

Kumene anakafa Tamerlane

Anabadwa mu m'tsinde mwa Shahrisabz ano, Timur pafupifupi moyo anakhala mu yokopa. Kumaliza pambuyo nkhondo za Samarkand ndi analikhazikitsa, mkulu anaukira kwa Tashkent ndipo anabweretsa olemera zofunkha. Ndiye iye anasintha malangizo ndi kupita kokayenda mu njira ya Perisiya ndiponso pafupifupi analandidwa. Pambuyo kuti panali kulimbana ndi Golden gulu, ndipo ankapita ku Iran, India. Kulikonse Tamerlan galimoto kuti Samarkand chuma, mmodzi amene anali chachikulu yade mbale. Pansipa ife izo. Izo zinali kokha pamene iye anali usinkhu wa zaka sikisite eyiti, iye anadwala n'kumwalira pa ulendo China. Kunali kuzizira m'nyengo yozizira 1405. thupi lake anakonza thupi anaika mu bokosi, amene anali alimbane ndi tonyamulira siliva, ndipo anapanga osowa ebone. Mwaichi, Timur anatengedwera ku likulu lake, ali m'manda a Tamerlane.

Gur Mtsogoleri wina wa Aarabu

Kumangidwa kwa manda a Mtsogoleri wina wa Aarabu unayambitsidwa pa moyo wake mu 1403, chifukwa anafa, wolowa wake ndi mdzukulu. Yomanga nyumba yaikulu imeneyi zikakwaniritsidwa Patapita kwambiri ndi mdzukulu wake Ulugbek, katswiri wina ndi ndakatulo, osati msilikali ngati agogo ake aamuna. Mu ichi isanamalizidwe Gur-Mtsogoleri wina wa Aarabu wapeza manda a Tamerlane malo. Kenako, chidafundidwa ndi mbale yade, amene anachititsa epitaph. Tikukhulupirira kuti ife tsopano tikhoza muyankhe funso ili: "Kodi manda a Tamerlane?" Mu Samarkand, mu crypt wa Timurid.

Amene woyamba anayerekeza desecrate manda

manda ake anali zaka inviolable. Only mu pakati pa XVIII atumwi Persian Khan osati cholinga, komanso anatenga slab wapatali ya yade. Ndi, mu malingaliro onse, watengedwa kuchokera Mongolia, wochokera ku China. Ndipo tsiku lomwelo panali chivomezi ku Iran ndi Shah yekha kudwala. Choncho akuwonetseredwa kuphwanya loyamba la umphumphu wa manda a Tamerlane. Malinga ndi nthano, ndi Khan anaonekera m'kulota mzimu Mlangizi wa Tamerlane ndipo anati mbale kubwerera. Khan anali ndi mantha, ndipo kutumiza, koma pa mbale msewu unagawika zigawo 2. Mu Samarkand ambuye a bwinobwino pamodzi, koma noticeable mng'alu. Choncho, kumanda Tamerlane, kumene liri mpaka lero yade mbale, anakhalabe osafikiridwa mpaka XX atumwi.

Ntchito m'nthawi ya Soviet Union

Palibe ankadziwa kumene Tamerlan. Mwina kunyumba Shahrisabz. Pali analipo m'manda. Ndipo mwinamwake Samarkand. Anaganiza kufufuza mausoleum yaikulu Gur-Mtsogoleri wina wa Aarabu ndi una manda a Tamerlane, ngati wapeza kumeneko. A ntchito lotsogoleredwa ndi katswiriyo Kary-Niyazov. Komanso amaphatikiza kanjedza ngati chikhalidwe monga M. M. Gerasimov, walenga chithunzi cha Ivan IV, yoopsa ya Russian Tsar, ndi wolemba Aini ndi cinematographer Kayumov. ntchito onse anayamba June 16, 1941. M'manda adali ambiri, ndipo anaganiza kutsegula sequentially. Koyamba kukhuthula ana a Timur. Patapita masiku awiri - zidzukulu zake, kuphatikizapo Ulugbek, amene anaphunzira chakuti mutu wake anadulidwa m'thupi (monga ankadziwikanso kuti Iye anafa imfa yoipa), ndipo anaikidwa m'manda mu zovala, osati mu cophimba a. June 20 Ndinayamba kutsegula manda a Tamerlane. Anamuzindikira mwakamodzi, chifukwa ichi kneecap mafupa chawonongeka, kuti, anali kuyenda. kumanda umenewu unali wapadera. Iwo anagona osati atatu tani slab ya yade, amene jacking, komanso nsangalabwi ochepa. Iwo anafunika winch kukweza kuti mwadzidzidzi linathyoka. Pamene iye atachira, iye anali utatha.

The teahouse

Kayumov woyendetsa anapita kumwa tiyi. Pakuti dastarkhan anakhala atatu nkhalamba - imeneyi Samarkand chithunzi. Koma mwadzidzidzi mmodzi wa akulu ananena kwa woyendetsa, nanena kuti ndi ngozi kulola mzimu wa nkhondo kuchokera mmanda. Nthano ina kuti ngati kusokoneza fumbi Timur, adzayamba nkhondo yoopsa ndi wamagazi zonse anapita ku Central Asia. Munthu wakale anatsegula buku lakale ndi Arabic ndi kuwerenga nthano ino zakuda. Koma, chochititsa chidwi, Kayumov pazifukwa zina sanatenge bukhu kapena akulu atatu mu filimu. Ndi umboni kwa iye, koma mawu ake, ena satero. Tikaonanso ulendo wa, Kayumov za pokambirana ziwalo zake zonse. Komabe, ntchito anapitiriza.

Ntchito pa kutsegula kwa sarcophagus ndi

Pamene iwo anatsegula manda a Tamerlane, kulera mbale zitatu, kenako pansi iwo anaona sarcophagus chachikulu. Ndi manda anapita chakumwa fungo la zofukiza. Mwadzidzidzi, pa zifukwa zosadziwika, magetsi anatuluka. Izo zokha kwawo atatha maola atatu. Ntchito anapitiriza kuti: wakuda bokosi muli mafupa a Tamerlane ndi ataunjikidwa mu mabokosi. Mmawa wotsatira, ndi asayansi pa wailesi kuti nkhondo inayamba. Mwangozi kapena ayi, palibe amene akudziwa. Koma pokhapokha manda a Tamerlane anabwerera mafupa ndi ulemu m'manda, ndipo munali mu March (19-20) 1942 chaka panali kunasintha nkhondo. Stalingrad 19 March amanyansidwa anayamba, ndipo asilikali athu anayamba kumasula gawo mwamphamvu dziko.

Apa ndi nkhani zachinsinsi za mwangozi chodabwitsa cha masiku zinachitika kutsegula manda a Tamerlane. Kodi kuchitira ichi chabe silidziŵika. Koma pali umboni wosonyeza kuti ife pali zambiri zoti muphunzire.